US1562540A - Tin-zirconium alloy and process of making the same - Google Patents
Tin-zirconium alloy and process of making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1562540A US1562540A US571294A US57129422A US1562540A US 1562540 A US1562540 A US 1562540A US 571294 A US571294 A US 571294A US 57129422 A US57129422 A US 57129422A US 1562540 A US1562540 A US 1562540A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- zirconium
- making
- alloy
- same
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Sn] Chemical compound [Zr].[Sn] XNFDWBSCUUZWCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 7
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000636 Ce alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C15/00—Pyrophoric compositions; Flints
Definitions
- This invention comprises alloys of tin l0 and zirconium, and processes of making the same. It includes also novel and mixtures of finely divided tin and zirconium in alloying proportions, and bodies of pyrophoric tin-zirconium alloy shaped to adapt them for use in'igniters.
- Tin and zirconium form alloys having very high melting points, probably above the melting point 0 pure zirconium.
- the alloys are pyro horic to a high degree, es-
- the alloy may be produced in suitable shapes, without remelting, by the following method:
- Zirconium metal in the form of powder or laminae prepared for example b reducing anhydrous zirconium tetrachloride with metallic sodium, is carefully dried, for example by heating at 6080 C. for several days.
- the metal is very easily oxi ized and tends to ignite spontaneously: to prevent this, it is preferable to evacuate the drying oven.
- the thoroughly dry powder is I then pressed into dies under heavy pressure.
- a rod about ten inches long and one-fourth inch square may be subjected to a pressure of to tons applied in a trans- 5 verse direction.
- the bodies formed by the method described are comparatively hard and stron
- the rofs or-the like are next heated in a bath of molten tin. This may be done by 50 packin them in powdered tinin narrow VGIlBlCBf alundum tubes, or by placing them,
- the tin melts and alloys with the zirconium. If the tin is present in proper amount, it will be almost completely absorbed, and I have found that the pyrophoric properties are most strongly developed when tin is present in the alloy to the extent of 20% to 40%.
- the heating is continued to a temperature of 1500 C. or above to permit the reaction to complete itself, and the furnace is then cooled and the shapes removed.
- dry tin powder may be mixed with the thoroughly dry finelydlvided zirconium in the proper proport1ons,.and the mixture pressed into shapes as before. These shapes are then heated in vacuo to- 1500 C. or above without sur rounding them with tin. The evolution of heat takes place between 700 and 1000 C as in the precedin example. 7
- the alloy can be formed into rods, blocks, discs, or any other shape required by a particular type of igniter without remelting the alloy, and without cutting it. It is only necessar to produce coherent bodies of zirconium o the size and shape desired, with or without the necessary tin, and then to cause the zirconium to combine withtin in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
- Process of forming a zirconium-tin alloy which comprises heating zirconium in contact with tin at a temperature above 700 C.
- the bodies at a temperature above 700 sparking element formed of a tin-zirconium 5 0., in absence of substantial quantities of alloy.
- composition suitable for making yrophoric alloys containing dry tin pow er HUGH S. COOPER.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 4. 1925.
, UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.
HUGH S. COOPER, F CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGhTOR TO KEMET LABORATORIES COH- PANY, INC., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.
TIN-ZIROONIUM ALLOY AND PROCESS OF MAKING- THE SAME.
1T0 Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, HUGH S. Coornn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and 5 State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tin-Zirconium Alloys and Processes of Making the Same,
of which the following is a specification.
This invention comprises alloys of tin l0 and zirconium, and processes of making the same. It includes also novel and mixtures of finely divided tin and zirconium in alloying proportions, and bodies of pyrophoric tin-zirconium alloy shaped to adapt them for use in'igniters.
Tin and zirconium form alloys having very high melting points, probably above the melting point 0 pure zirconium. The alloys are pyro horic to a high degree, es-
pecially when t ey contain more than about 40% zirconium, and are therefore ada ted for use in igniters such as those which ave heretofore employed cerium alloys.
Because of the very high melting points 35 of tin zirconium alloys, and the avidity with which they unite with oxygen, it is desirable to avoid the necessity of remelting them.
I have found that the alloy may be produced in suitable shapes, without remelting, by the following method:
Zirconium metal in the form of powder or laminae, prepared for example b reducing anhydrous zirconium tetrachloride with metallic sodium, is carefully dried, for example by heating at 6080 C. for several days. In this finel divided form, the metal is very easily oxi ized and tends to ignite spontaneously: to prevent this, it is preferable to evacuate the drying oven.
The thoroughly dry powder is I then pressed into dies under heavy pressure. For example, a rod about ten inches long and one-fourth inch square may be subjected to a pressure of to tons applied in a trans- 5 verse direction. The bodies formed by the method described are comparatively hard and stron The rofs or-the like are next heated in a bath of molten tin. This may be done by 50 packin them in powdered tinin narrow VGIlBlCBf alundum tubes, or by placing them,
surrounded by fragments of tin, in horizontal boatsyand then heating in vacuo until Application filed June 27, 1922. Serial No. 571,284.
the tin melts and alloys with the zirconium. If the tin is present in proper amount, it will be almost completely absorbed, and I have found that the pyrophoric properties are most strongly developed when tin is present in the alloy to the extent of 20% to 40%.
As the temperature is increased, there is a considerable evolution of heat between action and alloyage of the metals. The heating is continued to a temperature of 1500 C. or above to permit the reaction to complete itself, and the furnace is then cooled and the shapes removed.
As an alternative, dry tin powder may be mixed with the thoroughly dry finelydlvided zirconium in the proper proport1ons,.and the mixture pressed into shapes as before. These shapes are then heated in vacuo to- 1500 C. or above without sur rounding them with tin. The evolution of heat takes place between 700 and 1000 C as in the precedin example. 7
By the method escribed, the alloy can be formed into rods, blocks, discs, or any other shape required by a particular type of igniter without remelting the alloy, and without cutting it. It is only necessar to produce coherent bodies of zirconium o the size and shape desired, with or without the necessary tin, and then to cause the zirconium to combine withtin in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
I claim:
1. An alloy composed of zirconium and tin, each element being present in a substantial amount. 4 v I 2. A pyrophoric alloy containing zircomum" and tin.
3. A pyrophoric alloy containing zirconlum and 20% to 40% of tin.
4. An alloy composed of tin and more than 40% of zirconium.
5. Process of forming a zirconium-tin alloy which comprises heating zirconium in contact with tin at a temperature above 700 C.
6. Process according to claim 5 in which the zirconium and tin in finely divided state are mixed and pressed into compact form before heating.
7. Process of producin a zirconium-tin alloy inbodies of pre etermined form,
700 and 1000 (1., indicating a chemical rewhich comprises pressing a material conand dry zirconium powder in alloying protaining dry finely divided zirconium and portions.
tin into the form desired, and then heating 9. In a pyrophoric igniting device, a
the bodies at a temperature above 700 sparking element formed of a tin-zirconium 5 0., in absence of substantial quantities of alloy.
oxygen. In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature.
8. A composition suitable for making yrophoric alloys containing dry tin pow er HUGH S. COOPER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US571294A US1562540A (en) | 1922-06-27 | 1922-06-27 | Tin-zirconium alloy and process of making the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US571294A US1562540A (en) | 1922-06-27 | 1922-06-27 | Tin-zirconium alloy and process of making the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1562540A true US1562540A (en) | 1925-11-24 |
Family
ID=24283080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US571294A Expired - Lifetime US1562540A (en) | 1922-06-27 | 1922-06-27 | Tin-zirconium alloy and process of making the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1562540A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2490571A (en) * | 1948-12-29 | 1949-12-06 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Pyrophoric alloy of zirconium, lead, and titanium, and sparking device containing the same |
| US2490570A (en) * | 1947-05-06 | 1949-12-06 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Pyrophoric alloys of lead and zirconium and sparking devices containing the same |
| US2813073A (en) * | 1952-01-04 | 1957-11-12 | Henry A Saller | Neutron reactor fuel element utilizing zirconium-base alloys |
| US4112846A (en) * | 1965-06-11 | 1978-09-12 | Martin Marietta Aluminum Inc. | Armor-piercing incendiary projectile |
| FR2453840A1 (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-11-07 | Fraga Dominguez Ramon | Lighter flint prodn. - by compacting a suitable powder mixt. sintering extruding and cutting to size |
-
1922
- 1922-06-27 US US571294A patent/US1562540A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2490570A (en) * | 1947-05-06 | 1949-12-06 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Pyrophoric alloys of lead and zirconium and sparking devices containing the same |
| US2490571A (en) * | 1948-12-29 | 1949-12-06 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Pyrophoric alloy of zirconium, lead, and titanium, and sparking device containing the same |
| US2813073A (en) * | 1952-01-04 | 1957-11-12 | Henry A Saller | Neutron reactor fuel element utilizing zirconium-base alloys |
| US4112846A (en) * | 1965-06-11 | 1978-09-12 | Martin Marietta Aluminum Inc. | Armor-piercing incendiary projectile |
| FR2453840A1 (en) * | 1979-04-11 | 1980-11-07 | Fraga Dominguez Ramon | Lighter flint prodn. - by compacting a suitable powder mixt. sintering extruding and cutting to size |
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