US1558214A

US1558214A - Cylinder head of internal-combustion engines

Info

Publication number: US1558214A
Application number: US652867A
Authority: US
Inventors: Archaouloff Vadime
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-07-20
Filing date: 1923-07-20
Publication date: 1925-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 1942-10-20

Description

Oct. 20, 1925.

` V. ARCHAOULOFF QYLINDER HEAD OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed July 20, 1925 ,IIb-tre 11i-boi "VJrcha/ouZ/off Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

UNITED STATES VADIME ARCHAOTJ'LOFF, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

CYLINDER HEAD OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed July 20, 1923. Serial No. 652,867.

To all 'whom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, VADIME ARcnAoULoFF,

subject of Russia, and resident of Paris, De-

partment of the Seine, in France, have invented certain new and useful, Improvements in or Relating to Cylinder Heads of Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact, description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains, to make and -use the same.

The object of this invention is to provide an improved construction of cylinder-heads of internal combustion engines.

The high pressures and the very great temperatures existing in the combustion chamber of cylinders of internal combustion motors make it very diicult to constructv properly the cylinder-heads of said motors,

- particularly in the case of two stroke engines.

The stresses which are produced in the metal of the cylinder-head, on account of the high pressure of the gas, are greatly increased by the tensions due to the heat, and this because the temperature in the combustion chamber is very great and that of the cooling water pretty low. An increase in the thickness of the metal as well as the provision of ribs and struts in order to inand this more -f crease the resistance to the pressure of the gas, create on the other hand still greater thermic tensions.- 0n account of this, cracks occur in the cylinder-head as is well known. vThe calculation of said tensions is as a rule empirical and not very reliable on account of the complicated form ofthe cylinderhead. The cylinder-head, object of the invention, is particularly designed for two stroke motors without valves; its construction is made according to a new principle which permits to correctly calculate its dimensions in making use of formulas of the resistance of materials, and at the sameV time decreasing the thermic tensions.

will now describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: y,

Figure l shows, Yin section, a cylinderhead constructed according to my invention.

Figure 2 shows, in section, another form of cylinder-head practically the same as the one shown Figure L The main part of the cylinder-head l, has a substantially semi-spherical shape and is made of a uniform thickness in cast steel, or stamped in one piece with the central tubular part 4, on which is seated a combustible valve (not shown).

The part l is kept in place by a ring 2 of cast iron or steel pressing against the collar of part l, said ring being strongly bolted to the jacketed cylinder body thereby clamping the part or bottom l to the liner of the cylinder. The A cooling chamber is made up of a cover 3 of stamped steel sheet,

preferably soldered vtothe ring 2, Figure l.l vSaid cover could be made, if desired, of

cast steel as shown Figure 2. Said cover is provided at its top with a stuffing-box 5 in order to prevent leakage around the central tubular part 4. The cooling water passes from the cylinder water chamber into the cylinder-head chamber, through the openings 6-7, 6-7 and thenescapes through apertures 8, Figures l and c2.

.It is plain that on account of the geometrical shape of part l, said main member can be calculated correctly and exactly as are calculated the spherical bottom of steam boilers or compressed air reservoir subjected toD heavy pressures. If we call R, in the centimeters, the radius of the sphere, the pressure of the gas p in kilograms per square centimeter, the admissible tension of the metal K in kilograms per square centimeter, the thickness of the metal c in centimeters is readily obtained according to the well known formula:

In making use of a forged, orstamped, spherical bottom of good steel the thickness of the metal can be considerably reduced; besides the difference between the temperatures of the opposite faces of said bottom will be also reduced. It follows, on account of the above, that the thermic tensions will be at the same time considerably reduced..

The great advantage of the design described is that it will be possible to increase, without danger, the diameter of the cylinders of internal combustion. motors bringing them to dimensions unknown up to now.

A cylinder construction including in combination a jaclreted body, liner therein, a head including a semi-cylindricai portion provided with a depending annular! ,collar the lower edge of which is seated on the upper edge of the liner, a jacketed ring embracing the upper edge of the collar on the main portion and seated on the upper edge of the cylinder body, means for detachably fastening thering to the cylinder body so as to releasably clamp the main portion of the head in position, a central tubular Valve seating member integral with and rising from the top of the main portion, a cover carried by the ring and arranged in spaced relation to the main portion so as to form a cooling chamber therebetween, the

ring and the cylinderbody being provided ,embracing the outer surface of the central valve seating member, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony Whereol havesigned my name to this specification.

VADIME ARoHAoULoFF.