US1550076A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

' Aug. 1s, 1925.

` 1,550,076 J. JUHASZ y CARBURETOR Filed June 2v. 1919 2 shuts-shan 1 /f A j il O go 'o z m vIl v 4 I 757:/ Y f 526:1/

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J. JUHASZ,

CARBURETOR Filed June 27. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'IIV l 5mn er f i? maf Patented Aug. l, 1925.

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JOI-IN JUHASZ, OF NEX/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR T0 JUHASZ CARBURETER GORS'EOR-. TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

CARBURETOR.

Application filed June 27, 1919.

To all wlw/m t may conce/m.'

Be it known that I, JOHN JUHAsz, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State oft' New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specilication.

The present invention relates to a carburetor for use in connection with internal combustion engines. The invention relates more particularly to that type ol carburetors, in which air is caused to low at high velocity past the discharge end ol a permanently open liquid hydrocarbon supply-conduit, whereby the liquid hydrocarbon is entrained and atomized and sprayed, the resultant combustible mixture being composed of air and liquid hydrocarbon gasilied or vapor-ized in part and in part sustained in liquid form. More specifically, the invention pertains to multi-jet carburetors ot the type, wherein each jet is disposed within an individual carburetor chamber, all chambers communicating with a single carburetor outlet, the communications being controlled by a valve common to all of said chambers, adapted to establish gradually and in succession said communications.

With carburetors or this type, considerable dilliculty has been experienced heretolore for the reason that the valve interposed between the carburetor chambers and` the carburetor outlet greatly decreases the eiliciency of the device, it causing the formation of pockets, in which the mixtures from the several carburetor chambers stagnate, whereby the fuel is apt to condense. The uniformity of the mixture is thus materially affected.

The main obj ect of the present invention is to provide a carburetor overcoming these objections, in that its valve constitutes the carburetor chambers, each chamber being in the form of a Venturi passage, within which the hydrocarbon supply nozzles are so dis* posed that etlective Carburation is obtained, irrespective of the position of the valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor, which is adapted to turnish a predetermined mixture to an engine for the several speeds at which the latter may be ruiming without readjustment of the carburetor parts.

A vfurther object of the invention is to Serial No. 307,145.

produce a carburetor, which requires no further attention than the manipulation of the throttle.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a device of this character which is elicient in operation, simple in construction and which can be manufactured on a commercial scale, or in other words one which is not so dillicult to produce as to be beyond the reasonable cost of such an article.

1With these and other objects in view, which will more 'fully appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in the combination, arrangement and construction of parts hereinafter described, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l is a vertical central section taken through a carburetor, constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2 9, of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a section taken on line of Fig. 2; and Fig. l is an elevation of the valve or throttle` looking in the direction of' the arrow shown adjacent the same in Fig. l of the drawings.

ln the drawings, the numeral l0 indicates a casing, in the side oit which is formed an opening ll, forming the air inlet to the carburetor chambers, an opening 12 being provided in the upper face of the casing, con stituting the outlet through which the charges, formed in the chambers, pass to the intake manifold of the engine. Between these two openings a horizontally extending hollow cylindrical portion 13 is formed on the casing, the ends of which are closed by heads 14, upon which are formed bearings l5 for the journals 16 of a cylindrical body 17, that is located within and snugly lits the cylindrical portion or" the carburetor casing. ln this body are formed a plurality of, in the present case three, Venturi passages, denoted by the numerals 18, 19 and 20. These passages extend radially through the cylindrical body from the peripheral portion of the latter toward and beyond the center of the same, where they each merge into a recess 2l., that is in communication with the air inlet 11, irrespective of the position of the cylindrical body in the casing. The throats 22 of the Venturi passages are all of the same size, while the outlet of the passage 19, measured circumferentially on the body 17, is larger than that of the passage 20, and the size of the outlet of the passage 18, measured in similar manner, is larger than that of the passage 19. rlhe cross-sectional areas oli the three passages in any horizontal plane (Fig. 1) are the same, or in other words the sizes of the three passages are alike. rlhe casing ot the carburetor is so shaped immedia el i above the cylindrical portion thereof that it closely follows the contours of the outlets of the Venturi passages, as clearly appears from Fig. 2 of the drawings, so that, when the cylindrical body 17 i turned, the outlets ot the said passages decreased or increased, depen ling upon direction in which the body is turned.

For turnii'ig the said cj-Jlindrical body, a lever 23 is tixedly attached to one ot its journals, stops 2land 25, formed upon one of the heads 1a, limiting the movement of the said body.

The three Venturi pa independent carburetor c bers, into each of which projects a liquid hydrocarbon supply nozzle 2G. rlhese nozzles corr cate with a float chamber 27 et any sa construction, their discharge openings being controlled, for instance, by needle valves 2S, as usual in constructions of this type. rrs above mentioned, the cylindrical body 1i' is adapted to be rotated, the out-lets or its Venturi passages being adjusted in size as its position in the casingv is changed. From this it appears that the said cylindrical body not only `forms the carburetor chambers, but acts also as a valve or throttle.

The operation oit' the carburetor is as follows:-l'Vhen the throttle is in its closed position, that is to say when it is turned in the direction el the arrow shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings as lar as the respective stop will permit, the Venturi passages 19 and 20 do not communicate with the carburotor outlet 12. The Venturi passage 1S is, however, not in its fully closed position, that is to say a minimum opening is always provided suliicient to permit ol a flow o1 air past the supply nozzle in the middle Venturi passage to furnish the proper amount of combustible mixture for the motor, when running slow without load applied thereto, lor instance it the engine is mounted upon an automobile and the latter is at ull stop. lu shitting the throttle to open it, rst the Venturi passage 18 becomes effective, then the Venturi passage 19, and finally the Venturi passage 20, or in other words the Venturi passages are gradually and in succession opened. lnasmuch as the Venturi passages are vnot interconnected, the same Q L se ges lorin three etl'ect will be obtained as if a plurality of independent carburetors were provided. rlhese carburetors, however, are caused to co-operate, inasmuch as they are controlled by a common throttleA in such a manner that the second in the series starts its operation before the lirst becomes fully operative, and the third furnishes a combustible mixture before the. second in. the series is rendered fully operative. The quantity of liquid hydrocarbon and air drawn may thus beI varied in proportion to the desired performance o1 the engine. From an inspection of the drawings and from the foregoing description it appears-that, inasmuch as the liquid hydrocarbon supply nozzles extend into the throttle and the carburetor' chamhers therein are made in the form of Venturi passages, the 'lormation of pockets, in which the combustible mixture is apt tostagnate, is eltectively prevented, with the result that a unit rm minture is continuously obtained.

lt the sizes of the discharge openings of the three uel supply nozzles are once determined, no further adjustment of the parts is necessary, as appears from the foregoing.

lt is to be observed that the recesses 21 in the cylindrical body 17 are so shaped that, in rotating the said body, the Iactive crosssection or' the air inlet 11 is varied in proportion to the uncovered areas of the Venturi passages therein. This feature is essential, in that at all times the proper amount ol air is furnished to the carburetor.

W hat l claim is 1. A. carburetor, comprising a casing having an air inlet and a combustible-mixture outlet, a cylindrical body interposed between said inlet and outlet provided with a plurality of Venturi passages through which communications are adapted to be established between said inlet and outlet, and a liquid hydrocarbon supply nozzle projecting into each of said passages, said passages being of varying shapesA but having corresponding cross-sectional areas of the same size throughout the respective lengths ol the same.

2. A. carburetor, comprising a casing having an air inlet and a combustible-mbiture outlet, a cylindrical rotatable body interposed between said inlet and outlet provided with a plurality of Venturi passages through which communications are adapted to be established between said inlet and outlet, and a liquid hydrocarbon supply nozzle projecting into each of said passages, said passaoes being ot varying'v shapes but having throats and volumes of the same size.

Signed at New York, in the county oil: New York and State of New York, this 26th day ot June, A. D. 1919.

JOHN JUHASZ.

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