US1549752A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

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Filed June 25,1920 3 sheets-shea@ 2 I Inventor: b WWW-@Emmy Kms@ fw Aug. 1s, 1925.

1,549,752 w. c. DRAKE z FURNACE Filed June 25, 1920 3 shetssneet :Inventor:

Atfys.

Patented Aug. 18,1925. -i i 1,549,752 PATENro'FFlcE.

WARREN o. nRAxE, or mwoon, NEW YoRK.

FURNAGE.

Appncatibn ined :une 25,1920. serial No. 391,605.

To all whom it 'may concern.' y

Be it known that I, IVARREN C. DRAKE, a vcitizen of the United States, residing at Inwood, in the .county of Nassau and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, lof whichV the 'following is a specification, reference be-' ying had therein to the accompanying drawing. 'This invention relates to furnaces and -more particularly tofurnaces wherein the fuel support or grate cooperates with furnace walls having perforationsor apertures for the injection or admission of air to the combustion chamber. In myv prior applica-- tion Serial No. 242,585, led June 29, 1918, Ishow such a furnace in whichthe walls are provided with apertures arrangedto conduct air, supplied under pressure, directly into the fuel bed for the purpose of minimizing the formation of clinkers at the fun nace walls and the adherence of such clinkers to the walls, and the difficulties of` control and i loss of efliciency resulting therefrom. In said prior application, the walls are built -up of elements or blocks arranged solidlyfin face contact and having straight interiorapertures or perforations through the body :of

l each block for-the admission of' air, and lugs formed integrally at the rear of eachblock to space the same fro-m the outer sides of the furnace to provide passages vfor the access of air to the apertures leading into the combustion chamber. In these vrespects and in that the strai ht. apertures terminate flush with the inner ace of the 'furnace wall, the prior structure is vdisadvantageous, and

'the main object of the present invention is to provide a'dierent and improved construc- ,tion of furnace wall orblock for non-elinkering or analogous purposes.- The nature .of the present improvement and the further objects and advantages thereof will be explained in the hereinafter following detailed description of. one or more embodiments, or will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

To'the accomplishment' of such objects and advantages the present invention consists in the novel furnace, furnace wall', wall element or brick, andthe features of construction, arrangement, combination', and detail herein illustrated or described.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof,`Figure 1 may be consldered a .vertical longitudinal section taken substan- Vvhoriiont'al"seotionnn the line 2"-2 -of Fig. 1,

the exterior elements shown in top view, and the fuel infeeding mechanism being shown only in part.

Figure 3, in plan'view, shows blocks in which square recesses arefproduced for theV reception of aseparate spacing element or brick arranged to effect a registering or interlocking of adjoining blocks and tostand out rearwardly to space theperforated furnace .wall from the outer side wall.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of blocks of .the form Shown in Fig. 3.

Figure 5, in face or' interior elevation, shows'a modication in which the separate spacing element or Vbrick is shaped togive a dovetail engagement with and thus interlock two adjoiningblocks.`

Figure 6 is a side elevation of blocks constructed as in Fi 5.

Figurev 7 in interior or face elevation, shows a modified wall construction wherein -the Vair apertures are provided by grooves at.

the edges instead of through the interior- Figure 8 is a vertical section taken on the i .crooked line 12-12 of Fig. 7.

The furnace may be of various types, for example the underfeed type, in which a hopper 1 Vis `provided from` which 4fuel is forcibly fed into `a retortV 2 by means of reciprocating rams 3 operating'in casings or boxes 4 located beneath the hopper. The rams are actuated by connecting rods 5,- driven from a crank shaft 6 which is revolved in,a slow manner by a worm Wheel 7 actuated from a worm on drive shaft 8. The infed fuel rests upon thefuel support or` grate formed byA tuyre boxes 9, or `otherwise constituted. The outline of the fuel bed is indicated at 10. Air of conibustion may be supplied to the furnace beneath the tuyeres by means of a main air pipe or duct 11, from which a duct 12 is shown extending to the lower part of the, furnace.v The general form of the grate and the fuely bed is inclined toward the rear of combustion; and parts of a boiler 18 are indicated in suitablerelation to the described parts. f'

In order to supply air through the furnace walls'for non-clinkering or other purposes, I have shown the walls constructed with special furnace blocks or wall elements 19, which may take different forms but are constructed to stand solidly in mutual cntact at all sides and yet to provide perforations or apertures for the inwardly'directed supply .of air. The wall surface constituted by the special blocks 19 is shown as flush with the generalsurface of each wall. The,

four walls maybe of refractory material,

and each of them is indicated as being cham` bered or cut away at the interior side to accommodate the special blocks 19 and yet to leave spaces or passages at the rear of the blocks for the iiow of the air which -is to be supplied through suchV part of vthe vwall to the .furnace interior.

The perforations or apertures 20.y are shown as tapered or converging inwardly so as to give the effect of a nozzle or orifice, by which the air, under pressure, may be directed more forcibl feature is of sul stantial importance as an improvement, over said prior application, and it is found to greatly enhance the elficiency of the invention.

The specialblocks'19, shown irl-Figs. 1 and 2, are separately illustrated in different forms in the other-figures, for example at 19b in Figs. 3 and 4. It will here be seen that at the interior side or face the perfora- Ations 2()A are of much smaller dimension than at the rear, thus giving the tapering and nozzle effect described. These figures also illustrate another feature of practical im ortance and value," namely the provision o one or more recesses or depressions 21 at the faceof the block adjacent to the oriiices. By this means each exit or orifice is inset or depressed below the surface of the block. .The formation of clinkers and attachment to the side wall cannot always be wholly prevented, and without the depressions referred to a clinker or other `material is apt to become attached or otherwise-block up the orifices and thus imair the, eiciency of the invention. This improvement wholly obviates the difficulty referred-to, and clinkers and fuel are effec'- into the fuelbed. This f tively prevented from stopping up the air exits. The depression adjacent each exit may be in the form of a shallow channel, and indeed it is advantageous to have the depression 21 surrounding two different oriices interconnected by narrow depressions 22, whichl in some cases will give greater etliciency by better distributing the inflowlng air.

The body of the `blocks shouldy be spaced away from the exterior portion of the walls 15, 16 and 17. Figs. 1-4l hereof show,for tlnspurpose, each block provided with one or more outstanding lugs 23 acting as spacers for the purpose mentioned, the same taking different forms, as 28 and 29` in the other figures. l n

The air spaces or passages 24 between the special blocks 19 andthe outer walls give free air communication, and conduits 25 are indicated leading from the main air duct 11 to these rear passages 24, so that air under pressure is caused to passv into the permit regulation of the sure a more rigid and permanent furnace y wall.

In the modification of Figs. 5 and 6 the blocks l19" are differently recessed, as shown at 29, so as to receive spacing bricks or blocks 30 of the special form shown, giving a dovetail or interlocking engagement between the blocks 19. and elements 30.

It is not' necessary that the special blocks 19, etc., should be provided with interior apertures or perforations, that is, throu h the body of the blocks, to supply air to t e combustion chamber, as this may be done by means of channels or grooves at the edges o'f the blocks. 7 and 8, each block 19d is shown as having a channel or groove 31 at'its left edge, a similar groove 32 at its right edge, a similar groove 33 at its top edge, and a similar groove 34 at its bottom edge. These may be arranged so -.that'the vgrooves in one block will register, as shown, with those in the next block, thus affording round apertures or perforationsl in the wall. These various grooves,l channels, or apertures, moreover, are shown as tapered to give the advantages described in connection with the other l figures. Moreover, as'in the earlier figures, each a erture or orifice is inset below the face o the block by reasonof a shallow Thus, as indicated in Figs. 1

depression, for example in the form'indicated at 35 for the apertures 5B1-32, or the form indicated at 86 for the apertures 321-34.

Certain features of novelty are not herein claimed but are claimed in a copending appblication which has now resulted in U. S.

atent 1,400,036 granted December 13, 1921. It Will'thus be seen that l-liave described a furnace and one or more forms of furnace Wall and Wallyblocks embodying the principles and attaining the advantages of the lili present invention. Since various matters of combination, arrangement, design, and detail may be modified Without departing bers, and separate spacing members engaged in such recesses of the inner wall so as to be supported thereby and to project rearwardly and contact the outer Wall, to hold the walls spaced apart and maintain passages for conducting air to said apertures.

2. A furnace Wall as iirclaiin 1 and Whereiii adjacent Wall blocks are recessed in register, and a single spacing member engages such recesses acting to position the blocks in register.

3. A furnace W/all asin claim 1 and Wherein adjacent Wall blocks are recessed in regis ter, and a single spacing member engages suchrecesses acting 'to position the blocks in register and 'the recesses and spacing member being shaped to give interlocking between adjacent blocks.

v4. A noii-clinkering furnace Wall comprising inner and outer portions, the inner Wall built up of refractory blocks, adjacent blocks constructed with registering edge grooves to afford air apertures directed into the fuel bed, and such adjacent blocks presenting registering rear recesses, and a separate spacing member engaged in such registering recesses of the inner-Wall so as to be supported thereby and to project rearwardly and contact the outer wall, to hold 'the Walls spaced apart and maintain-passages for conducting air to said apertures, While 'ensurl ing the registration of the grooves forming such apertures,

In testimony whereof, I have' affixed my signature hereto. l

' WARREN C. BRAKE`

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