US1549698A - Motor-control system - Google Patents

Motor-control system Download PDF

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US1549698A
US1549698A US661538A US66153823A US1549698A US 1549698 A US1549698 A US 1549698A US 661538 A US661538 A US 661538A US 66153823 A US66153823 A US 66153823A US 1549698 A US1549698 A US 1549698A
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windings
motor
speed
switch
low
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US661538A
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Harold W Williams
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/18—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
    • H02P25/20—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays for pole-changing

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  • My invention relates to niolor-control s ys 'tc-ins ono itizis particular relrtion to such si'slenis oi control us are employed in connection 'with clcvz'itors, nuiufhinc tools 'und similar machines.
  • the oliject ot' my invention is to'provpository uicuns for controlling,r the spcccl :nul the toi-quo oi :in nltornutiiug-cuiicnt motor ol the two-spoed type cominoni)Y employed in oloruto': servico nml having' separato low uml high-speed windings.
  • ivl'y inventiiin is more particularly oppliculile to the control of u two-speed motor of thc u'cll-linown squirrel-coge type.
  • the spool windings :1ro first connected in the previously nzuneil 'parallel relation, after which the high-speed. windings are tlcifinei ⁇ - gironi und finally the' excitation oi' the low spool Winding is incroz sed to obtain :i miiiimuni desirable operating speed.
  • iiiy invention will oe ,flosorilwfl in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which* l*1 igure i is n iliagiiinmutio representation ot u t ⁇ ' i -speefl, three-phase, ultornotingmurrent si'luirrol-cngo motor employed in connecton wish.
  • Fig'. 3 is a cliogrmnmotie representation oi' the control circuits that arc employed in the operation of the systemshown in Fig., i?, and
  • Fi i is a sequence chart indicating the operation of switches employed in. Fig. 2.
  • n two-speed sltmmitingcurrent motor is provided With low-speed primary windings 2 uno. highspccil primary windings Those windings om connected in sorics relation with opio i-:ility of reactors 1i and 5, which :we rospo@- tircly employoil for loW-specCl ond for high spoed opcrzition. ⁇ Resistor sections ti :irs ar'- rangeil 'lor connection in circuit with tho higlrspccil u'inciings 3 through s, switch if. A three-pile switch 8 provities moons for shouting' the.
  • :i doublopole sWnJon i3 is orrnnge for slninting; ⁇ resistor sections t3.v
  • This switch. is also provided wiih reminding moans.
  • Both switches l1 und 13 are retarded only in ciosing.
  • the various switches arev operoteci. by means of a. reversiloie mostcr switch 23 of o familiar type having o. ,piuroiity of operati ing positions a, Z), 0 and d.
  • a source of power supply for the motor comprises line conductors M, 15 and 16. have illustrated connections for a three-phase induction mo tor, hut., of course, o two-pi1asc motor or mom tors of other suitable types nmy be similarly en i ployetl.
  • n circuit is provide-cl for nilo/ting the closurey of reversing swilrh und lowi spoed switch 8.
  • Power is i non supplied to the motor windings 2, with reactors i in circuit therowitl'i.
  • switch 1i will @losx D to shunt a portion of reactors 4l, wliereirv tl e motor is provided with suliiclenttorque 'o fie start the desired 'maximum leed.
  • a light lood may be started :prior to the cllsore of switch ll. l-lovsf'erer, the primary oliiect of the @additional sections of reactors 4. will hereinafter eppei'iif...
  • the master switch is actuated tw Werd position switch 7 fclose-s 'prior to the opening of switch 8, whereupon liigli'speed Windi. C, sections in parallel relation te lov/speed windings 2.
  • This position eords a trensin tion peri-od or, if desired, may' Aserve es en operating position in 'which the motor op. réelles a speed intelinedieteits and maximum speeds, depending upon the degree of excitetiono the low-speed Wind-- ings i
  • switch E. opens and the motor is further accelerated accordance with the excitation of the 'windings v3.
  • switfn'i ⁇ 13 closes to shunt resistors 6, where upon the motor operates et' its maximum speed.
  • the motor is decelerated by returning master switch 23 toward the off position, passing through position. o, Switch il is re closed, ree-establishing the above-described pzirsllel relation of motor windings 2 and 3 and, upon the reopening or' switch Y, the high-speed windings 8 deenergised and the motor is further decider-ated, since only the lowepeed 'windings 2 ere then energized. Switch li starts to close but is retarded :tor e sufiicient period, whereby the torque of the motor, vf 'cli is for the moment operetins)r above its lower synchronous speed, is suitably reduced.
  • the etlect of the add tional reactor sections. ei, vliicli are controlled by switch ll, is to prevent o too abrupt change in the speed of the motor, occasioned by its regenerativeection. ⁇ Suf cient time ailohwed for the closure of switch il so that the motor speed is first suitably reduced.
  • vUnder,slow speed condiw tions, ree-.eters et lieve little eliecttlpon the speed regulation ot the niotore thalt it is, ordinarily, unnecessary to provideI for entirely sliuntingg these y"reectors from the circuit.
  • fliicli consists in shouting the liiiglirspeed windings, connecting seid high ond lov?u speed windings parallel relation, diiniiin isliing; the effect ol? said low-sneed Windinfs and .finally shouting; seid loivspeerl Winch ings.
  • the method of decelereting an elternoting-ourrent motor having 4low and biglispeed windings connected in series relation which consists in connecting the loir ond high-speed windings in partllel relation when the eect oi' the low-speed windings is crelatively Weak, disconnecting seid highspeed windings and strengthening the effect the low-speed windings.
  • Leurrent-liiniting means alternating in posi-v tion with said windings, vof means for selectively shunting said windings and for conneoting said windings in parallel' relation VWithout.interrupting the inotor circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)

Description

` Aug. 11, 1925.
H. VU. WLIJAMS MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Sept. 8
toismeo noso il., fiile.,
MGTR-CONTRL SYSTEM..
.oppieoton filed September 8, N523. Serial No. 661,538.
To all 'wiwi/'2. may conce/ML.'
Be it known that l, inuiinio EN. lliniiiinis, u citizen of the 'United States, und u resident of W'ilkinshurg, in tho county of Allegheny and State o't Pennsylvania, have incjycnted a new unil useful improvement in Motor-Con 'trol Systems, ot which the Afollowing is :1 specification.
My invention relates to niolor-control s ys 'tc-ins ono it luis particular relrtion to such si'slenis oi control us are employed in connection 'with clcvz'itors, nuiufhinc tools 'und similar machines.
The oliject ot' my invention is to'proviile uicuns for controlling,r the spcccl :nul the toi-quo oi :in nltornutiiug-cuiicnt motor ol the two-spoed type cominoni)Y employed in oloruto': servico nml having' separato low uml high-speed windings.
ivl'y inventiiin is more particularly oppliculile to the control of u two-speed motor of thc u'cll-linown squirrel-coge type.
in the operzliion of ulternntingwurrent `common practice to si'urt thc motor by oonnccting its low-speed winding to the source of power unil thereafter transfer directly lo the high-speed winding, with or Without resisors in circuit therewith'.`
in such s yslcins, son'ie Cliliiculty has heen experienced in obtaining smooth operation. 'in my system oi' control, i propose to start the motor lin! means of its low-speed Winti ing. Next, in transit-ion, connect the high sind lowspeed windings in parallel relation :incl provide means 'for e suring a relatively weak'exritation of the low-speed windings Next, the lov-spoed windings ore shuntci :nui the excitation or 'the high-speed Wind ings is increased to its nmxii'nlnn value.
'To ei'licct ilccelcntliion of the motor, the spool windings :1ro first connected in the previously nzuneil 'parallel relation, after which the high-speed. windings are tlcifinei`- gironi und finally the' excitation oi' the low spool Winding is incroz sed to obtain :i miiiimuni desirable operating speed.
iiiy invention will oe ,flosorilwfl in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which* l*1 igure i is n iliagiiinmutio representation ot u t\\' i -speefl, three-phase, ultornotingmurrent si'luirrol-cngo motor employed in connecton wish. my invention,
motors ol" the type herein described, it is Fig. El is o diagrammatic representation ol2 the main circuits and apparatus omhoog# ingr my invention,
Fig'. 3 is a cliogrmnmotie representation oi' the control circuits that arc employed in the operation of the systemshown in Fig., i?, and
Fi i is a sequence chart indicating the operation of switches employed in. Fig. 2.
Referring to the drawing, n two-speed sltmmitingcurrent motor is provided With low-speed primary windings 2 uno. highspccil primary windings Those windings om connected in sorics relation with opio i-:ility of reactors 1i and 5, which :we rospo@- tircly employoil for loW-specCl ond for high spoed opcrzition.` Resistor sections ti :irs ar'- rangeil 'lor connection in circuit with tho higlrspccil u'inciings 3 through s, switch if. A three-pile switch 8 provities moons for shouting' the. lign-speed, windings '3 nucl rendering' the iowspee. windings 2 tive. Double-pole reversing; swiohcs 9 anti 'l0 are en'iployed in the customary manner. Port ions of the low-speed reactors 4; may lic shunied by a double-polo switch il that is 1no\'i le(lwith o retnrcl` g device 12.
Also, :i doublopole sWnJon i3 is orrnnge for slninting;` resistor sections t3.v This switch. is also provided wiih reminding moans. Both switches l1 und 13 are retarded only in ciosing. The various switches arev operoteci. by means of a. reversiloie mostcr switch 23 of o familiar type having o. ,piuroiity of operati ing positions a, Z), 0 and d. A source of power supply for the motor comprises line conductors M, 15 and 16. have illustrated connections for a three-phase induction mo tor, hut., of course, o two-pi1asc motor or mom tors of other suitable types nmy be similarly en i ployetl.
fi ssuining the apparatus to he in its ino@ erutice or illufitrotetl positions, 'the motor l muy he opcrntod in an upward direction hy actuating the master switch 23 io the right.. 1in position i (seo sequence chart, Fig. .l) n circuit is provide-cl for nilo/ting the closurey of reversing swilrh und lowi spoed switch 8. Power is i non supplied to the motor windings 2, with reactors i in circuit therowitl'i. l" musici* swicii 23 i nmintnined in position a, switch 1i will @losx D to shunt a portion of reactors 4l, wliereirv tl e motor is provided with suliiclenttorque 'o fie start the desired 'maximum leed. A light lood may be started :prior to the cllsore of switch ll. l-lovsf'erer, the primary oliiect of the @additional sections of reactors 4. will hereinafter eppei'iif...
l/Vhen the master switch is actuated tw Werd position switch 7 fclose-s 'prior to the opening of switch 8, whereupon liigli'speed Windi. C, sections in parallel relation te lov/speed windings 2. This position, eords a trensin tion peri-od or, if desired, may' Aserve es en operating position in 'which the motor op. erstes a speed intelinedieteits and maximum speeds, depending upon the degree of excitetiono the low-speed Wind-- ings i When the master switch 23 is moved to position t3, switch E. opens and the motor is further accelerated accordance with the excitation of the 'windings v3. Finally switfn'i` 13 closes to shunt resistors 6, where upon the motor operates et' its maximum speed.
1t should Ifoe noted, in connection with the foregoing deeoription, that the goed windings ere et no time clisconnectefft nor is the power supply interrupted, so. het e, fairly uniform torque is developed by. the motor in accordance with the arrangement of the reactors and resistors'wl'iich are, of course, designed for limiting the currents in o, welldmown'menner. l
The motor is decelerated by returning master switch 23 toward the off position, passing through position. o, Switch il is re closed, ree-establishing the above-described pzirsllel relation of motor windings 2 and 3 and, upon the reopening or' switch Y, the high-speed windings 8 deenergised and the motor is further decider-ated, since only the lowepeed 'windings 2 ere then energized. Switch li starts to close but is retarded :tor e sufiicient period, whereby the torque of the motor, vf 'cli is for the moment operetins)r above its lower synchronous speed, is suitably reduced. The etlect of the add tional reactor sections. ei, vliicli are controlled by switch ll, is to prevent o too abrupt change in the speed of the motor, occasioned by its regenerativeection.\ Suf cient time ailohwed for the closure of switch il so that the motor speed is first suitably reduced. vUnder,slow speed condiw tions, ree-.eters et lieve little eliecttlpon the speed regulation ot the niotore thalt it is, ordinarily, unnecessary to provideI for entirely sliuntingg these y"reectors from the circuit. H it is d sireble to opperste tlie motor at slowT speed forvlongt periods, en odr'itionol switch inn f lie,oi' course, pro 'vided to entirely shunttliese 1reactors.
ceding to my invention, I ein enabled to o. :colorate ood decclerate o motor having seperate righ end low-speed windings With- Us Bere oormected through resistor.
iis-sectie out disconnecting these windin whereby" :i fairly uniform torque ,is obtoineiiie and, con-- seqoently, smooth and liexible speed control. Also, the switching arrangement is such that the line conductors cannot be short-circuited by failure of on of the speed-controlling switches to function.
In the arrangement of a porotos, as illus treted in Fig. 2, itis possiiile to provide ior a different sequence vof operation and to obtiin still other operating speeds as, .for esempio, when both. the high and low-speed switches vand 8 are open, `sind the motor windings are 'all' connected in series relation. Resistors ma be substituted in place vot" reactors 4 an 5 when,y desirable, but I prefer to emnlo tile arrangement illustrated, particularly or hoisting Aapplications.
.Operation of the motor ine reverse direetipo. is obtained in a manner similar to that described above, u on the' closure of reversing switch 10 in p ace of reversing switch 9 by the meniprdation of master switch 2f to the left, through positions c ond. o?, es will be readily iriderstood.
lieve described and illustrated my in vent on in simple term, but various mod. ilN
eotions roede therein Without deport-- ing; i'roro. tile spirit and. scope thereof.
claire es my invention:
The method oi accelerating en' alter nstingrorrent motor having low and high; speed windings connected' in series relotion,
fliicli consists in shouting the liiiglirspeed windings, connecting seid high ond lov?u speed windings parallel relation, diiniiin isliing; the effect ol? said low-sneed Windinfs and .finally shouting; seid loivspeerl Winch ings.
'.llie method of acceleraiting en ini. if tion motor lowing low and high-speed Wi dings connected in series relation, Wliicli oon siste in energizing tlie losv-speed windings, connecting; seid low end high-speed wind ings in 'parallel relation, lcssening the eilcct ot seid low-speed windings, and ifinelly, shooting sind low-speed windings.
The method of decelereting an elternoting-ourrent motor having 4low and biglispeed windings connected in series relation, which consists in connecting the loir ond high-speed windings in partllel relation when the eect oi' the low-speed windings is crelatively Weak, disconnecting seid highspeed windings and strengthening the effect the low-speed windings.
el. The combination with en alfernatingcnrrent motor' having low and higlispeed windings connected in series relation, endg reactors alternating in/position'witli soif windings, oi' means for selectively siiiintiorf seid windings zindior connect-ing; said Winch ings in parallel relation Without intcrmptM ingr the motor circuit.
5. The combination with en alternetingn` Til current motor having'low and high-sneed 'windings connected in series relation, and
ing said windings.
G, The Combination with an alternatingourre'nt motor having lowl and high-speed windings connected in series relation, and
Leurrent-liiniting means alternating in posi-v tion with said windings, vof means for selectively shunting said windings and for conneoting said windings in parallel' relation VWithout.interrupting the inotor circuit.
7. The combination with an alternating- Current motor having low and high-speed windings connected in series relation, and
current-limiting means alternating -in position with said windings, of means for selectively sliunting said windings and for oonneeting lsaid windings in parallel relation without disconnecting said windings.
8. 'The combination with an alternatingeuri-ent motor having low and high-speed windings Connected in series relation, and reactors in circuit with saidI windings, of means Comprising said reactors for selectively sliunting said windings and for oon- .neeting said windings progressively in series and in parallel relation without ingthe motor circuit.
ln testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my Anaine this 13th day of August, 1923.
HAROLD W. WILLIAMS.
30 interrnpt- A,
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4644242A (en) * 1983-07-30 1987-02-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Controlling system for a pole change electric motor
EP0678968A2 (en) * 1990-10-09 1995-10-25 Stridsberg Licensing AB A reconfigurable electric power train for vehicles
US9945365B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2018-04-17 Bj Services, Llc Fixed frequency high-pressure high reliability pump drive

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4644242A (en) * 1983-07-30 1987-02-17 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Controlling system for a pole change electric motor
EP0678968A2 (en) * 1990-10-09 1995-10-25 Stridsberg Licensing AB A reconfigurable electric power train for vehicles
EP0678968A3 (en) * 1990-10-09 1996-03-20 Stridsberg Licensing Ab A reconfigurable electric power train for vehicles.
US9945365B2 (en) 2014-04-16 2018-04-17 Bj Services, Llc Fixed frequency high-pressure high reliability pump drive

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