US1544726A - Electrolytic refining of metals - Google Patents
Electrolytic refining of metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1544726A US1544726A US734798A US73479824A US1544726A US 1544726 A US1544726 A US 1544726A US 734798 A US734798 A US 734798A US 73479824 A US73479824 A US 73479824A US 1544726 A US1544726 A US 1544726A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- reagent
- addition
- refining
- lead
- reagents
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 26
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical group OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 lead Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZOVBIIWPDQIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-2-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=C(O)C=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O BZOVBIIWPDQIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002961 Aloe barbadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144927 Aloe barbadensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- GQCLUUSDTNEECI-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)=O.CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 Chemical compound OS(O)=O.CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 GQCLUUSDTNEECI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HODFCFXCOMKRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bitolterol mesylate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=C(C(O)C[NH2+]C(C)(C)C)C=C1OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HODFCFXCOMKRCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002101 lytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
Definitions
- the invention relates to the electrodeposition of metals and more particularly to the electrolytic refining of metals such as lead,-
- This reagent is a sulfite liquor concentrate comprising the solid or viscous materials obtained from the waste sulfite liquors produced by treating certain woods with sulfite solutions. The evaporation of these liquors leaves a colloidal substance which may be designated as sulfite lignose.
- the principal constituents of this substance are or ma be lignin sulfuric acid, lignin sulfonic aci aldehyde sulfonic acids, furfural, and plant sugars.
- This substance is cheaply made from the waste sulfite liquors produced in the manufacture of paper pulp and is known under the trade names lignol and goulac.
- sulfite lignose may be used as an addition reagent in certain acid electrolytes with remarkably advantageous results. It may be used to replace many of the addition reagents commonly used weight for weight and owing to its extremely low price, a substantial economy may be effected. It can be used alone or in partial replacement of some of the commonly used addition reagents effectin not only an economy thereby, but permitting the substitution to take lace in an old electrolyte and thus avoid t e cost of new electrolyte when changing over to this addition ELECTROLYTIC REFINING OF METALS.
- this addition reagent has given particularly excellent results in the electro lytic refining of lead with a fiuosilicate e ectrolyte. While the composition of the electrolyte can vary considerably without materially affecting the character of the deposit, excellent results have been obtained with an electrolyte containing 8.5 grams of lead as lead fiuosilicate per 100 c. c. and 4.2 grams of hydrofluosilicic acid per 100 c. c.
- the common addition reagent has been glue, but complete substitution of this new addition reagent can be effected.
- this addition reagent when used alone is added daily to the electrolyte in the form of a water solution at the rate of one to two pounds of the dry reagent per ton of lead produced, while if used in conjunction with glue, the total quantity of the two reagents added daily is one to two pounds per ton of lead produced, with the glue and the new reagent varying in such proportion as desired. It may also be used in the electrol ic refining of lead using electrolytes of uosilicates and fluoborates or fluoborates alone.
- Sulfite lignose either alone or with glue, may be used as the addition reagent in the electrolytic refining of copper with sulphuric acid electrolytes.
- the new reagent has a replacement valuefor glue of at least weight for weight.
- An additional benefit resulting from its use in the refining of copper is that the presence of a large amount of the reagent, or say an excess, has no detrimental effect which is not the case when using the common addition reagent glue in electrolytic copper relining.
- the new reagent also imparts a higher throwing power to the electrolyte and forms smooth, finely crystalline and tougher deposits than glue and nodules and dendritic crystals are restrained.
- the new reagent may also be used in the electrolytic refining of tin with sulphuric, sulphuric and sodium sulfate, or fluosilicate electrolytes in conjunction with other addition reagents, especially replacing glue when used with other reagents.
- Single addition reagents have not been particularly successful in electrolytic tin refining and it has been the practice to use two or more addition reagents simultaneously, some of the addition reagents being glue, cresol, curacao aloes, and nicotine sulfite. Glue when used with either cresol, aloes or nicotine sulfatehas given in practice satisfactory deposits.
- the new reagent can however be substituted for glue in any of these combinations, efiecting thereby superior deposits in that they are less crystalline, more adherent and denser.
Description
- Patented July 7, 1925.
UNITED STATES FRANK F. COLGORD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,
REFINING & MINING COMPANY, OF MAINE.
No Drawing.
as will enable others skilled in the art to which it .appertains to make and use the same.
The invention relates to the electrodeposition of metals and more particularly to the electrolytic refining of metals such as lead,-
copper and tin.
It is the practice in electrolyt c refimng ,of metals to use so-called addition reagents in the electrolyte and the present invention is based on the discovery of a new reagent of this character whichmay be used with marked advantage over prior reagents in the electrodeposition or electrolytic refining of certain metals. This reagent is a sulfite liquor concentrate comprising the solid or viscous materials obtained from the waste sulfite liquors produced by treating certain woods with sulfite solutions. The evaporation of these liquors leaves a colloidal substance which may be designated as sulfite lignose. The principal constituents of this substance are or ma be lignin sulfuric acid, lignin sulfonic aci aldehyde sulfonic acids, furfural, and plant sugars. This substance is cheaply made from the waste sulfite liquors produced in the manufacture of paper pulp and is known under the trade names lignol and goulac.
I have discovered that sulfite lignose may be used as an addition reagent in certain acid electrolytes with remarkably advantageous results. It may be used to replace many of the addition reagents commonly used weight for weight and owing to its extremely low price, a substantial economy may be effected. It can be used alone or in partial replacement of some of the commonly used addition reagents effectin not only an economy thereby, but permitting the substitution to take lace in an old electrolyte and thus avoid t e cost of new electrolyte when changing over to this addition ELECTROLYTIC REFINING OF METALS.
PATENT OFFICEQ ASSIGNOB TO UNITED STATES SMhTING, PORTLAND, MAINE, A CORPORATION 0] Application filed August 28, 1924. Serial No. 734,798.
reagent. In many cases it produces .a cathode deposit superior to deposits obtained with other additional reagents, increasing 1 lation in the electrolyte of substances which might finally cause the deposit to form nonadherent and crystalline deposits has been noticed with this addition reagent, as in the case with some of the prior addition reagents commonly used.
The use of this addition reagent has given particularly excellent results in the electro lytic refining of lead with a fiuosilicate e ectrolyte. While the composition of the electrolyte can vary considerably without materially affecting the character of the deposit, excellent results have been obtained with an electrolyte containing 8.5 grams of lead as lead fiuosilicate per 100 c. c. and 4.2 grams of hydrofluosilicic acid per 100 c. c. The common addition reagent has been glue, but complete substitution of this new addition reagent can be effected. In actual practice this addition reagent when used alone is added daily to the electrolyte in the form of a water solution at the rate of one to two pounds of the dry reagent per ton of lead produced, while if used in conjunction with glue, the total quantity of the two reagents added daily is one to two pounds per ton of lead produced, with the glue and the new reagent varying in such proportion as desired. It may also be used in the electrol ic refining of lead using electrolytes of uosilicates and fluoborates or fluoborates alone. It may also be used in the electrolytic refining of lead using electrolytes of lead cresol-sulfonate, oo-ntainin for exanl ple, 80 grams of lead as Pb C,H .CH O .80 and approximately 70 grams of free cresol-sulfonic acid per liter sp. gr. equals 1.21; and also with electrolytes of mixed cresol-sulfonfil e and fiuosilicate electrolyte containingI 80 ams of lead as art lb(C,H,.C O .80 and as bSiF and approximately grams of free acid (estimated as H,SiF per liter sp. gr. equals 1.26.
Sulfite lignose, either alone or with glue, may be used as the addition reagent in the electrolytic refining of copper with sulphuric acid electrolytes. In this case the new reagent has a replacement valuefor glue of at least weight for weight. An additional benefit resulting from its use in the refining of copper is that the presence of a large amount of the reagent, or say an excess, has no detrimental effect which is not the case when using the common addition reagent glue in electrolytic copper relining. The new reagent also imparts a higher throwing power to the electrolyte and forms smooth, finely crystalline and tougher deposits than glue and nodules and dendritic crystals are restrained.
The new reagent may also be used in the electrolytic refining of tin with sulphuric, sulphuric and sodium sulfate, or fluosilicate electrolytes in conjunction with other addition reagents, especially replacing glue when used with other reagents. Single addition reagents have not been particularly successful in electrolytic tin refining and it has been the practice to use two or more addition reagents simultaneously, some of the addition reagents being glue, cresol, curacao aloes, and nicotine sulfite. Glue when used with either cresol, aloes or nicotine sulfatehas given in practice satisfactory deposits. The new reagent can however be substituted for glue in any of these combinations, efiecting thereby superior deposits in that they are less crystalline, more adherent and denser.
What is claimed is:
1. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of metals such as lead, copper or tin, with acid electrolytes which consists in the use in theacid electrolyte of .sulfite lignose as an addition reagent.
2. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of metals such as lead, copper or tin, which consists in the use as an addition reagent in the acid electrolyte of sulfite lignose in conjunction withglue or other addition reagents.
3. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of lead which consists in the electrodeposition of the lead from acid electrolytes containing sulfite lignose as an addition reagent.
4. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of lead with acid electrolytes such as fluosilicate, fluoborate or fluosilicate and fiuoborate electrolytes which consists in the use alone or in conjunction with other reagents of sulfite lignose as an addition. reagent.
5. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of copper with sulphuric acid electrolytes which consists in the use in the electrolyte of sulfite lignose as an addition reagent, either alone or in connection with other reagents.
.6. That improvement in the electrolytic deposition or refining of tin with acid electrolytes such as sulphuric, sulphuric and sodium sulfate, or fluosilicate electrolytes, which consists in the use in the electrolyte of sulfite lignose in connection with other addition reagents.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.
FRANK F. OOLOORD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US734798A US1544726A (en) | 1924-08-28 | 1924-08-28 | Electrolytic refining of metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US734798A US1544726A (en) | 1924-08-28 | 1924-08-28 | Electrolytic refining of metals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1544726A true US1544726A (en) | 1925-07-07 |
Family
ID=24953110
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US734798A Expired - Lifetime US1544726A (en) | 1924-08-28 | 1924-08-28 | Electrolytic refining of metals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1544726A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2446716A (en) * | 1940-06-26 | 1948-08-10 | John S Nachtman | Terne electroplating bath |
| US2462870A (en) * | 1942-07-09 | 1949-03-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Electrodeposition of copper |
| US2466660A (en) * | 1949-04-05 | Lead plating bath | ||
| US2660555A (en) * | 1950-12-20 | 1953-11-24 | Canadian Copper Refiners Ltd | Process of and electrolyte for refining copper |
| US2664393A (en) * | 1951-05-16 | 1953-12-29 | Us Smelting Refining And Minin | Electrolytic refining of lead |
| US2696467A (en) * | 1952-01-04 | 1954-12-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Copper plating bath and process |
| US2773819A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1956-12-11 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of lead |
| US2877165A (en) * | 1956-04-10 | 1959-03-10 | Cons Mining & Smelting Co | Process for the electrolytic refining of lead |
| US3220897A (en) * | 1961-02-13 | 1965-11-30 | Esther S Conley | Conducting element and method |
| US3634212A (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1972-01-11 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Electrodeposition of bright acid tin and electrolytes therefor |
-
1924
- 1924-08-28 US US734798A patent/US1544726A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2466660A (en) * | 1949-04-05 | Lead plating bath | ||
| US2446716A (en) * | 1940-06-26 | 1948-08-10 | John S Nachtman | Terne electroplating bath |
| US2462870A (en) * | 1942-07-09 | 1949-03-01 | Gen Motors Corp | Electrodeposition of copper |
| US2660555A (en) * | 1950-12-20 | 1953-11-24 | Canadian Copper Refiners Ltd | Process of and electrolyte for refining copper |
| US2664393A (en) * | 1951-05-16 | 1953-12-29 | Us Smelting Refining And Minin | Electrolytic refining of lead |
| US2696467A (en) * | 1952-01-04 | 1954-12-07 | Gen Motors Corp | Copper plating bath and process |
| US2773819A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1956-12-11 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of lead |
| US2877165A (en) * | 1956-04-10 | 1959-03-10 | Cons Mining & Smelting Co | Process for the electrolytic refining of lead |
| US3220897A (en) * | 1961-02-13 | 1965-11-30 | Esther S Conley | Conducting element and method |
| US3634212A (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1972-01-11 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Electrodeposition of bright acid tin and electrolytes therefor |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US1544726A (en) | Electrolytic refining of metals | |
| NO147289B (en) | PROCEDURE FOR AUTOMATIC CHARGING AND MONITORING OF A BATTERY AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE | |
| US2313371A (en) | Electrodeposition of tin and its alloys | |
| US1607869A (en) | Electrolytic refining of metals | |
| US2664393A (en) | Electrolytic refining of lead | |
| US2827410A (en) | Electrolytic refining of lead | |
| US1607870A (en) | Electrolytic refining of metals | |
| US3389064A (en) | Electrolytic refining of copper and tank house electrolyte useful therein | |
| DE2108623A1 (en) | Process for the production of hydroquinone | |
| US2660555A (en) | Process of and electrolyte for refining copper | |
| SE7905198L (en) | NEW BATH FOR ELECTROPLETATION OF GLOSSY TENNES | |
| US2877165A (en) | Process for the electrolytic refining of lead | |
| US1780944A (en) | Method for refining antimony by electrolysis of acid electrolytes | |
| JPS6332873B2 (en) | ||
| US1634603A (en) | Process of making paper from straw and product | |
| US3554884A (en) | Addition agent for the electrolyte used in the electrodeposition of lead | |
| US1895675A (en) | Electrodeposition of metals | |
| US2866740A (en) | Electrodeposition of rhodium | |
| US1515042A (en) | Electrolyte and composition for forming the same | |
| DE3421017A1 (en) | METHOD FOR GALVANIC DEPOSITION OF A TECHNICAL COPPER COVER | |
| US1380142A (en) | Plating-bath | |
| US2156427A (en) | Method of electrodepositing tin | |
| USRE16598E (en) | Electrodeposition of chromium | |
| GB220012A (en) | Process of electrolytically refining tin bullion | |
| US1397222A (en) | Electrolytic refining of tin |