US1543556A - Combined crushing, pulverizing, and separating machine - Google Patents

Description

5 June 23, 1925.

E DENIS ET AL COMBINED CRUSHING, PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING MACHINE Fued Jan. 16, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheat 1 1/ 9 directions and speeds being Be it known that we, EMILE Patented June 23, 1925. x

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMILE DENIS, OF BILLANCOURT, AND FREDERTCK HIPPERT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

GQINIIBIIINED CBUSHING, .PULVERIZING, AND SEPARATING MACHINE.

Application filed January 16, 1924. Serial- No. 686,642.

To all whom itmay concern: i

Dams and FREDERICK Hlrrnnr, citizens of the Republic of France, and residents of Billancourt',

France, and Paris, France, respectively, have inventfi certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Crushing, Pulverizing, and Separating Machines, of which the following is a specification;-

The present invention has reference to a combined crushing, pulverizing and separating machine, that is to say to a machine comprising in combinationa crushing mill of any approved ty adapted for finely pulverizing the materials submitted to treatment and a separating devicemaking it possible to automatically separate the sufficiently fine particles of the still vunsuficiently crushed portions of the materials undergoing the treatment above referred to, the said separation being operated by the meeting of two draughts having different directions and variable speeds, the said regulatable at will. v

The improved combined crusher, pulverizer and separator according to the invention is especially designed for pulverizing solid materials either for. producing impalpab-le powders such as are required in numerous industries or else for producing pulverized coal'orother carbonaceous sub stances;

A primary object of-the invention is the provision of a combined crushing, pulverizing and separating machine wherein the whole of the pulverized materials are expelled-by centrifugal power through'an outlet positioned in the neighbourhood of the circumference described by the crushingmembers arranged at the periphery of the machine,

A further object of the invention is the provision of a combined crushing, pulverizing and separating machine wherein the separation of the pulverized materials'is performed outside the crusher proper by the meeting of two independent drauglits of regulatable directions and speeds.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a combined crushin pulverizing and separatin machine -w erein the regulation of the eness of the pulverized materials is'performed during the operation of the crusher.

According to one important feature of the invention, the whole of the ulverizedl materials are carried away an expelled out of the crusher by means of a draught. This draught may be produced in a plurality of ways. Thus for instanceit may be 1 produced by 'the'rotation of the movable crusher members. It may also, be produced by a series of blades forming a turbine or fan, such blades being fixedly secured tp the retor of the crusher or to a shaft independent of the crusher shaft. It might also be produced by any approved ventilating device. The draught thus obtained and which, for the sake of clearness, will throughout this description be referred to as the primary draught carries in suspension a mixture of crushed materials containing particles of different sizes. This mixture is led through a s cially-shaped nozzle into a separator whi is so constructed as to discharge on the one side the sufficiently finely divided materials whilst expelling back to the crusher the insufficiently pul-' verized portions of the materials under treatment According another important feature of the invention, the separation of the pulverized materials, according to their size, 1s performed by the meeting of the said primary draught with a secondary draught whose speed, intensity and direction are adjustable and which is produced by the drawing-in or driving-out action of a fan or [other ventilating device adapted particles b means of an appropriate device. constituted for example by a. movable shutter.

With the above objects in view and such others as will incidentally appear hereinafter, the invention comprises the novel for producing such draught which, for

construction, combination and arrangement 7 ing drawings and will be specifically emphasized in the appended claims.

' In these drawings. is shown apreferred embodiment of the invention, the crusher artsthat will now be described more in etail with reference to the accompanyutilized in this machine being of the wellknown percussion type.

Figure lis a vertical section on the line y-y, Fig. 2 of the whole machine comprising the combined crusher, pulverizer and separator.

Figure 2 is a vertical section on the liner a:w, Fig. 1 showing the cavity for receivini the pulverized materials.

' gures 3, 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sections on a larger scale of a peripheral portion of the crusher showing several embodiments of the device for discharging the pulverized materials in the neighbourhood of the circumference described by the ends of the hammers. 4

Figures 7, .8, 9 and 16 are vertical sections on a larger scale showing several embodiments of the separator wherein two draughts are used, thereby enhancing its efliciency and lesseningits volume.

Similar reference numerals designate similar parts throughout the said figures.

The sifting crown of the percussion i crusher 1 selected by way of example in this machine is replaced by a non-perforated crown 2 fluted longitudinally at 2 on its inner surface and/or provided with erities intended for increasing the stren g t h of the percussions. This crown 2 has arranged rearwardly thereof an annular concentric opening 3 whose inner diameter is slightly less than the inner diameter of the flutings 2. Behind the said opening 3 is formed a cavity 4 adapted for collecting and directing the mixture of air and pulverized materials which has just been expelled from the crusher whilst either maintaining the speed of ,said mixture or modifying same.

The cavity 4 may, as in the embodiment illustrated,afiord the shape of a fan shell (see Fig. 2) or else it may also be constituted merely b a tube.

Severa embodiments of the opening 3 through which the cavity & communicates with the crusherare represented in Figures 3 to 6 inclusive.

I In the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the inner diameter'of this opening 3 is slightly less than the inner diameter of the crown of hammers a.

In the embodimentshown in Figure 4, the

' inner diameter of the opening 3 is comprised between the inner diameter and the outer d1ameter of the crown of hammers a; In the embodiment shown in Fi res 5' and 6, the inner diameter of the opemng 3 is comprised between the outer diameter of the crown of hammers a and the inner diameter of the flutings 2.

Referringhto Figures 3, 4 and 5 the circulation of t e mixture through the cavity 4 (having the shape of a fan shell as shown in Fi re 2 is accelerated by a fan turbine having bla as 15.

verized materials contained in suspension 1n the air travels through a horn-shaped duct 5 (see Figs. 1 and 2) whose open end or nozzle 5 is greatlyreduced in thickness, i.

e. throttled thereby to produce one or several layers of the said mixture. The said nozzle 5 opens in the upper part of a chamber 6 positioned in the path of travel of the whole or part-of the primary draught produced by a fan V. In the embodiment illustrated the shaft 39 on which this fan revolves is mounted upon the shaft 0 of the rotor of the crusher. However it must be understood that the said two shafts might equally well be relatively positioned in an other suitable way and might rotate at di ferent speeds.

The inner arrangement of the chamber 6 may afiord the various configurations as ilmounted upon a spindle 10 so. as to allow of 'the necessary adjustment of the size and position of the opening 11 establishing communication between the said chamber 6 and the duct 13 leading to the fan V which draws the sufliciently finely divided materials, the

residual materials being discharged along a suitable chute furnished with a shutter 16 or by any other means permitting to collect such residual materials or to send them back automatically to the hopper A feeding the crusher.

A sliding shutter 18 to an opemng 12 forme in the wall of the duct 13 also allows of the required variations in the speed of the mixture through the o ning 11. 1

Re erence being now had to Figure 8, the open end or nozzle 5 of the duct 5 opens horizontally in the inside of the chamber 6 whereby the materials are imparted adirection d, a s eed '2; and an intensity 5 as indicated by t e arrows. In this embodiment, the spindle 10 about which pivots the shutter 9 is positioned at the top part of the chamber 6. The opening 12 is positioned-at the top part of the machine such opening occu ies the whole width of the chamber 6 and 1s masked either by a sliding shutter 18 (positioned opposite or by a shutter pivotally mounted upon a spindle. Within the chamber 6 are posi-j tioned partitions 19 which direct the air and the materials. s

in the embodimentshown in Figure 9, the

7 position of the partitions d9 has been some what modified so as to cause the materials to be separated by the secondary draught to, meet several times. r

lnthe embodiment shown in Figure 5, the duct 5 is divided into two flattehed sections 5 and 5 positioned horizontally in superimposed relation. The arrangement of the partitions 19 is the same as in Figure 9;

It will be understood that, by the arrangements shown in Figures 7 to 10 inclusive or by like arrangements, it is pbssible by modifying the openings through properly adjusting the controlling shutter 9 and the shutters 18 to readily regulate the speed, the

direction and the intensity of the two draughts and consequently the fineness of the materials drawn in by the fan V. The

- relative position of the several members of theseparator permits to send back the residual materials directly to the. chute A leading to the crusher (see Fig. 1).

Further, according to another feature of the invention, the structure of the crusher is so designed as to insulate the bearings of the operating shaft from return movement of the pulverized materials towards the shaft and therefore any interference thereof withJthe bearing and ball bearings. Baflle- plates 26, 27, 28 also assist in this protective action of the channels 25*. The end bearing 29 is also provided with six channels 30 and baflles.

When the materials to be treated, for instance carbonaceous materials, are already in a finely divided form including a substan tial proportion of ow'dered particles havmg a fineness equa to the one which it is desired to obtain by pulverizing, it is useless to treat these materials in a crusher, it 7 being suficient to drive them through the tters Patent 1s:- V

J 1. A device of the character described, in-

duct 5wby means, of any approved refluxing appliance.

v The operation of the machine is as followsz-lhe material to be pulverized having been distributed by an oscillating or other device drops, after having passed over a magnetic separator S of hown type, in fi'ont of the shaft of the disc 1 which carries no or several series of short concentric m ers c and a series of long peripheral hammersa. The material is thus crushed v between the said hammers a and the. stationary crown h, and then pulverized between,"

' charge passageway for the crushe the hammers a and the outer crown 2. The disc 1 carrying the hammers by rotating produces a ventilation thereby drawin in together with the material to be pulverized a certain amount of air which, only being permitted topass out at the rear part of the machine, flows through the latter while car-- rying away the crushdd material. 1

The speed of such draught is increased by the shape of the rear cavity 4 and,if desired, by the blades 15 which drive it through the duct 5 to the chamber 6. The

shape of the said cavity 4 is so designed as to direct the said draught to the duct'5.

When reaching the throttled end 5 of the said duct, the material in suspension in the said primary draught has a speed '0 "anda direction (Z which is imparted thereto by the flattened shape of the said end or nozzle 5. The material then receives the impact of the secondary draught from the sucking fan V which draught has a speed '0', a direction (1' and an intensity a" which have been regulated by properly adjusting the shutters 9 and 18. it will be, understood that, by prop.-

erly adjusting'the respective values of 'v, 0

and 'v, d and i the resulting draught will be made1 to follobw sililch a directicilin as accurate ass t e oorres on e e of the s uiiter 9 whereby all the thinni articles of the material will be entrained y the secondary draught'without contacting with the said shutter'9 whereas all the thicker and heavier portions of same willstrikedsuch shutter and be deflected thereby so as to drop into the chamber 6. Thus it is Y What we claim and desire to secure by eluding in combination, a crusher shaft, crusher means associated with said shaft, a hopper adapted to axiall feed material to be crushed to said 0 er means, a discharge passageway adapted toreceive crushed material, a fan concentric with said crusher shaft, an air duct supplyin air to said fan, said duct interceptin t e dismaterial. 2. A device of the character described, in-

cluding in combination a crusher-shaft,

crusher means assdciated with said shaft, a

its

new,

hopper adapted to feed material tobe 7 crusher shaft and adapted to receive crushed material, said passageway leading from the riphery of said crusher means and havmg a throttled upper end, a sucking fan concentric with said crusher shaft, avertical and terminally curved air duct leading down to said fan, regulatable shutters adapted to suitably mask air inlet openings formed in the curved portion of said duct, the latter intercepting the discharge of the crushed material through the throttled end of said passageway and causing the thinner particles of said material to be sucked by said fan and thereby separated out.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this s 'ecification.

E E DENIS. FREDERICK HIPPERT.

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