US15424A - Improvement in steam-boiler furnaces - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

E. T. INGALLS, OF HAVERI-IILL, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-BOILER FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 15,424, dated July 29, 1856.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, E. T. INGALLS, of Haverhill, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler Furnaces; and I do hereby declare that the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature and principles of my said improvements by which my invention may be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

The figures of the accompanying plate of drawings represent my improvements. Figure 1 is a central vertical section of my improved steam-boiler furnace. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken in the plane of the line A B, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section showing a modified form of my improvement.

The present invention consists in a novel arrangement of devices whereby the water to be heated and converted into steam is subjected to a heat emanating directly and constantly from coals in a state of full combustion, and in such a manner that the fresh unconsumed coals can have no effect in deadening or in reducing the head of steam-a result that is unavoidable in supplying coals to a steam-boiler furnace constructed in the ordinary manner. By my improvements the steam-boiler is so combined with a peculiarlyconstructed furnace that the supply of fuel is in some degree self-regulating, and a constant and uniform head of steam kept up in consequence of the steady and never- *arying degree of heat afforded by the furnace.

at a a in the drawings represent the outer casing of the steam-boiler and furnace. b b is the ash-pit. c c is a funnel-shaped casing attached to the outer casing, 00 a, which forms the bottom portion of the furnace. d d d is the steam-boiler surrounding an inner cylinder, 6 e. The boiler dd d and its inner cylinder do not extend to the bottom of the casing c c, and are supported by flanges g h, &c. The coals are fed in through the top of the cylinder e e until it becomes full or nearly full, the fuel resting on the grate-barsi i, &c., and filling the space between themand the bottom of the boiler cl d and fuel-cylinder e e, as shown in Fig. l. The boiler d d being of less diameter than the outer casing, a a, a space or fine, It 7:, is formed around the boiler. ll is a partition-plate attached to and extending around the boiler, with the exception of a small space, m, arranged opposite the delivery-flue n, as shown in Fig. 2. 0 o, &c., are draft-holes extending through the coal-cylinder and boiler into the fine it It.

From the foregoing description of the construction of my improved boiler-furnace it will be seen that the inner cylinder being filled with the fuel, and fire applied to the same at the grate, the coals will soon become heated to a red heat up as high as the draftholes 0 0, &c., as the volume of heated air,

gases, &c., passes up through the fire until it reaches the said draft-holes, whence it passes into the fine 70 and circulates around the boiler d d, and then finds an outlet at the flue n, as shown by arrows in Fig. 1. The currents of heat are prevented from passing directly from the ignited coal to the exit-flue n by means of the partition ZZ, before referred to, which, being cut away at, m, permits the ascendin currents to pass through and fill the flue It on the side opposite the exit-flue a before passing out the same. The partition Z I, not being cut away (being provided only with small draft-holes, p p, the.) on the side nearest the fine it, prevents the heated currents from passing out until they have circulated entirely around the boiler.

The fuel is supplied, as fast as consumed, by the dropping of the coals in the coal-cylinder, and the heat communicated to the water in the boiler is prevented from being transmitted in any degree to the unconsumed coals in the coal-cylinder by a substance or material, q g, which is a non-conductor of heat, placed between the coal-cylinder and the steam-boiler, as shown in the drawings.

The advantages of the above-described ar rangement of devices will readily be apparent, for asupply of fuel which will last for a considerable length of time without replenishing can be placed at once in the coal-cylinder, and then require no further care until the supplyof coal is nearly exhausted, which renders the apparatus of peculiar value for any steam-heating devices, as the fuelhas to be removed only at long intervals by the servant, and the quantity or head of steam also is not as in other steam-heating devices diminished each time fresh fuel is added, as, on the contrary, the water in the boiler is constantly subjected to the uniform heat of fuel in a full state of combustion.

A modification of my improvements is represented in Fig. 3, in which the coal-cylinder r r surrounds the steam-boiler s 3, instead of, as in the first instance, the steam-boiler surrounding the coal-cylinder. The same result is secured as in the first-described arrangement-viz.,'subjecting the water in the boiler to the heat of fuel in a perfect state of combustion,'and in such a manner as to prevent the replenishing of the fuel from lessening the head of steam. The fresh coals in Fig.

3 are fed into the outer coal-cylinder, 4" a", surrounding the boiler s s, but separated from the same by a substance, 25 t, that is a nonconductor of heat. The bed of the fire, as represented in Fig. 3, is between the bottom of the boiler and the grate, and the volume of heat passes, as shown by the arrows, up through the flue n n, formed Within the boiler, out the exit-flue 'v '5. Thus the Water in the boiler s sis always subjected to the heat of fuel in a full state of combustion, which heat is necessarily uniform.

Having thus described my improvements, whatI claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent, is-

The improvement in steam-boilers, which consists in arranging a fire-pot of sufficient depth to contain a large quantityof fuel within or about and underneath the boiler, placed concentrically therewith in such a manner as to keep the fuel which is in con tact with the lower part of the furnace in a full state of combustion always, as set forth.

E. T. INGALLS.

Witnesses:

EZRA LINCOLN, JOSEPH GAVETT.

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