US1542356A - Road-building apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 16, 1925. 1,542,356

E. D. BAYLEY ET AL I ROAD BUILDING APPARATUS Filed Feb. 15. 1924 Winn To all whom it may concern:

Patented June 16 1925 PATENT OFFICE.

EDEN D. BAYLEY AND WILLIAM BAYLEY, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

ROAD-BUILDING APPARATUS.

. Application filed February 15, 1924. Serial No. 693,022.

Be it known that we, ELDEN D. BAYLEY and WILLIAM BAYLEY, both citizens of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Road-Building Apparatus, of

which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to plastic block apparatus, and more particularly to paving apparatus for automatically 5 ading and edging pavement slabs and the ike, in order that upon removal ofthe forms, such slabs may present a uniformly smooth and finished appearance. I

While the invention is shown and will be described in its application to paving or road making purposes, it is to be understood that it is not limited to this use alone, but

may be applied to any concrete form mold-. ing operations such as the construction ofretaining walls, buildin foundations and bridge abutments, wherein it is desired that the completed body shall be compact and present a uniformly smooth, unbroken, finished surface, upon removal of the forms. In all sorts of concrete construction work, whether it be road paving, building founda tions, walls or other'molded shapes, it is quite desirable that air pockets such as are likely to form adjacent to the Walls be relieved and the larger aggregates displaced while the material is in a fluid or semi-fluid state. The usual method of relieving entrapped bodies of air and displace the coarse material in order that the finer material may fill the space closely adjacent to the form side, to afford a smoothly finished surface upon the removal of the form, it is the practice to hand spade the material. This is effected by the workman thrusting a spade into the material closely adjacent to the form. This is an operation however, which is quite likely to be neglected. In any event hand spading is ununiform and irregular. Moreover, it is quite laborious and difiicult and one which is thoroughly disliked and for this reason is frequently left undone.

In the present device there is embodied a combined spader and edger co-operating to afford a smooth exterior finish to the molded body. The device consists of an oscillatory blade adjustably mounted so that it may be thrust to, greater or less de th within the mold or form, and closely a jacent to the wall, thereof, where it is given a constantly oscillating movement in a fore and aft direction, parallel with the wall of the form or mold, the device being constantly advanced during such oscillatory movement. At the same time an edging device co-operating with such spading blade through the same means is givena to and fro reciprocatory movement by which the edge of the molded body is struck off and any excess material displaced by the oscillatory spading blade is properly distributed, leaving a uniform edge alined with the form. While the spading and edging device herein shown and described is particularly adapted for use in conjunction with road building apparatus, by which the material is distributed, struck off and tamped across the width of the road way or pavement, or other molded body, such as a foundation, wall or structural shape, it is to be understood that the device is complete in itself and will perform its function wholly independent of such concrete distributing and tamping means.

The object of the invention is to simplify the mode of operation of spading or setting a body of plastic or semi-fluid concrete into close and uniform relation with the form side, and to provide a simple automatic mechanism for performing such operation.

A further object of the invention is to provide in conjunction with such spading device an automatic edger, which will leave the edges of the finished molded body uniform and true.

With the above primary and other incidental objects in View as will more fully appear in the specification the invention'consists' of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of operation as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fi 1 is a perspective View of the spading an edging apparatus forming the subject matter 9 hereof, shown mounted upon a mold form wall, the carrying frame being broken away. Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the spader and edger showing the main carrying and driving wheel, the carrying frame being broken 105 away. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the assembled apparatus, mounted upon a mold form. Fig. 4: is an end elevation, viewed from the left in Fig. 3. Fig. 5' is a vertical sectional view. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the spader blade showing the range of oscillatlon. Fig. 7 is a deta1l top plan view of the scraper shoe and edger.

Llke parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

The spading and edging apparatus herein described is mounted upon a traveling carriage, of which 11 are the frame bars, and 2 the carr ing and driving wheel. The carrying w eel 2 is flanged and rolls upon the top edge of the form or side wall 3 of the mold. In the present instance, the forms 3 have been shown as a metallic form section, having an outwardly extending base flange 3' and an outwardly extending top flange 3". The latter flan e forms the track for the flanged carrying w eel 2. This type of metallic form which is a standard construction and forms no part of the present invention per se, is provided with projecting brackets 4, for engagement of location stakes 5. In providing for the laying of a concrete roadway or pavement, such form sections 3 are located at the opposite sides of the area to be paved and the concrete 6 is deposited between such sections and is distributed and tamped in the usual manner either by hand or by machine operation. The present spading and edging device may be operated as an attachment or adjunct to such road making or pavlng mach ne, or may be operated as a separate unit, acting upon the material before it has become set.

Mounted upon a trunnion stud 7, carried by the frame bars 1 is an oscillatory head 8, rocked to and fro in the direction of the path of travel of the device by a link, or pitman 9, connected to a suitable crank or wrist pin 10. .The operating crank 10 may be driven from any suitable source. In the present instance it has been shown provided with a chain drive from the carrying wheel 2. This mode of drive has been shown for purpose of illustration. It will be understood that the oscillation of the spader blade and reci rocation of the edger will be com"- parative y rapid in relation with the lineal advance of the apparatus. For this reason the oscillatory head may be actuated directly from the engine or other convenient moving part of the main structure.

Adjustably mounted in the oscillatory head 8 is a dependent spader blade 12. This spader blade may be projected to any desired depth within the form or mold and is held in its adjusted position in relation with the head 8 by means of a set screw 13 or other suitable locking means. The dependent spader blade 12 is located closely adjacent to the inner face of the side form 3, and intermediate such form and the body 6 of concrete. As the head 8 is rocked to and fro, the blade is given a to and fro swinging movement in the plastic or semifluid concrete body 6, as the apparatus progresses forwardly. The movement of the blade and incident agitation of the material close to the form wall opens any air pockets, permitting the escape of the entrapped air and allows the material to settle evenly and uniformly into close proximity to the form side 3. It has been found also in practice that this agitation and movement of the blade has a tendency to force the larger aggregates farther into the mass and away from the form 5 allowing the finer material to settle in the path of the vibrating blade and against the form wall, thereby afi'ording an even uniform and smooth surface when the form is removed. When the body of concrete is unspaded or is spaded in the usual more or less haphazard fashion, upon removal of the form sides, the body is found to contain numerous irregularities and small cavities and the pebbles and stone are plainly in evidence 1n the uncovered side of the completed body. By the present device, the sides of the completed concrete body are left in a smooth and finished condition.

In the ordinary operation of depositing concrete, more or less material will overflow the forms or lodge on top of the form sides. In the event that the form is filled to overflow, the agitation of the spading blade 12 may displace some of this excess material. In any event as ordinarily performed, the operation of de ositing and molding concrete bodies in orms leaves a more or less uneven and ragged marginal angle. To overcome these difiiculties and to co-act with the spader blade to afford a uniformly finished marginal surface, there is provided a reciprocatory shoe 14, which slides to and fro upon the top flange 3 of the form side in unison with the oscillation of the spader blade. This shoe is in the form of inclined scraper blades 15, and 16, resting upon the to flange of the form 3, and extending diagonall thereacross. These scraper blades or p ates 15 and 16 converge inwardly, whereby as they slideto and fro upon the form side they tend to move any material which may have overflown the form inwardly onto the main mass 6. This shoe 14 rests at all times upon the form side, and so reci rocates in a straight line of travel co-inci ent with the travel of the apparatus. It is actuated from the oscillating head 8 to which it is connected by a telescopic stem portion 17, projecting within a socket or bore 18, in the lower portion of the oscillatory head 8, and into which the stem 17 enters against thetension of a spring 19. The telescopic stem 17 is bored or recessed to accommodate the spring 19, one end of which bears against the inner end of the bore 18 in the oscillator head, and the other end against the end 0 the bore in the stem 17, tending to force the stem 17 outwardly and press the reciprocatory shoe 14 tightly against the top edge of the form side 3. This spring operated telesco 1c connection will compensate for the di erential movement between the Oscillation of the head 8, and the reciprocation of the shoe 14 in a straight path. The shoe moves to and fro in unison with the oscillation of the head and the vibration of the spader blade, while the to and fro reci rocation of the telescopic stem 17 within t e socket or bore 18, and the expansion and compressiouof the spring 19 compensates for the variation in the relative paths of movement, and malntains the scraper shoe in close engagement with the form sides 3. 'It will be noted that the shoe 14 projects inwardly somewhat beyond the form side 3, and overhangs the .main body 6 of concrete. It is provided upon such overhanging portion with a base flange 20, which strikes oif and contours the marginal edge of the concrete body, and coeoperates with the vibrating spader blade 12 to form. a uniform and finished angle or marginal edge. In Fig. 4 this finishing flange or base 20 u on the shoe has been shown at right ang es to the blade 12, so that the finished body will be afforded a sharp, clean, right-angle margin. Such sharp marginal angle, however, is not desirable for some purposes, particularly for pavements, and road-bed construction.v In Fig. 5 the base angle 20, upon the shoe has been shown provided with a concave or filleted face 21, which during the reciprocatory movement of the slidin shoe strikes off and shapes the margin '0 the finished body to a'rounded edger It has been found by experiment and in practical operation that neither a spading blade, nor an edging or striking ofi' device having a continuous forward movement will operate so successfully as one having a vibratory or reciprocatory movement. While to provide a spader blade insertable within the form side, withmeans for advancing it will perform some of the functions, it is not nearly so efficient as when the spader blade is given the to and fro swin g or vibrating movement. It is found t atthe vibrating movement not only insures the venting or escape of all entra ped air, but it is much more efiicient in dis lacin the heavy and larger a gregates an eifectmg a settlement of the nermaterial into proximity to the form sides to afford the finished surface. The same thing has been found true in regard to the edging or finishing of the marginal corner. While a continuously advancing edger might remove the surplus material and leave the margin in approximately the finishedcondition, a much better, firmer and smoother surface is afforded by giving to the scraper shoe and the edger the to and fro reciprocato'ry movement in unison with its advance. By this construction applied to both the spading blade and the edging flan e, every ortion of the material is workeg repeatedl instead of only once in the case of the continuously advancing apparatus.

While for convenience of illustration, the trunnion shaft 7 has been shown flat at its ends and fixedly connected to the frame bars 1, such trunnion shaft may be carried by the oscillatory head 8, and be provided with suitable hearings or journal boxes on the carrying frame. The telescopic stem 17 of the sliding shoe is pivoted to such shoe and edger by a pivotal stud or shaft 22. The scraper plates or blades 15 and 16 of the shoe being convergentinwardly, the forward blade 15 scrapes any excess material overhanging the form side inwardly u n the forward reciprocation of the shoe, w ile the oppositely inclined rear blade 16 serves to remove any remaining material, and move it;1 inwardly upon the rearward stroke of the s oe.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the character described possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages;

Whilein order to comply with the statute the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural features, it is to'be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details shown, but that the means and construction herein disclosed comprises the preferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect and the invention, is therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the'legitimate and valid scope of theappended claims.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. A traveling carriage, a spading blade carried thereby for operation intermediate amass of plastic'material and the side of a mold form, a scraper shoe advanced in unison with the advance of the spading blade for returning to the mass any misplaced material, and an edger also advancing in unison with the spading blade and scraper shoe for firming and contouring the marginal edge of the mass.

2. A traveling carriage, a spading blade supported upon the carriage to be projected intermediate a mass of plastic material and the'side of a mold form, and 'meansfor transmitting to the blade a to and fro edgewise movement through the mass of material and inclose proximity to the inside face of the mold form during the advance movement ofthe carriage.

3. A traveling carriage, a spader blade supported upon the carnage to be projected-int'ermedia'te a mass of plastic material and-the side of the form moldand means for advancing the carriage to propel the blade edgewise through the mass of material in close approximation to the inside face of the mold form.

'4. A traveling main carriage, a spading blade carried thereby for operation intermediate a mass'ofplastic material and the side of the mold form, and a scraper shoe overhangingthe form side and advanced in unison with the spader blade for returning to the plastic mass any displaced material. a

5. A traveling main carriage, a spader blade carried thereby for operation intermediate a mass of plastic material and the side of a mold form, and an edger operative in the rear of the spader blade for firming and shaping the marginal angle of the mass as left by the spading blade. 7

6. A traveling carriage, an edger for firming and contouring the marginal edges of a body of plastic material carried there by and means for transmitting to the edger a to and fro movement in a direction simultaneously with the advance of the carriage and in a'path substantially parallel with the side of a mold form in which the body of plastic material is confined.

7. A traveling carriage, an edger for firming and contouring the marginal edge of a body of plastic material, and means for'progressively advancin the carriage in a path of travel parallel with themarginal edge of the plastic body to be contoured.

8. A traveling carriage, a spader bladev and an edger also carried and means to transmit to the spader blade and the edger, to and fro movement during the progressive advance of the carriage.

9. A traveling carriage, a spader blade carried thereby to be projected intermediate a bod of plastic material and the side of a mold form in which the plastic material is confined, an edger for firming and contouring the margin of the plastic body, and means for transmitting to the spader blade an oscillatory movement and to the edger'a 'reciprocatory movement in a substantially lineal direction simultaneously with the advance ofthe carriage. Y

10. A traveling carriage, a spader blade carried thereby to be projected intermediate a body of plastic material and the side of a mold form in which the plastic material is confined, an edger for firming and con touring the margin of the plastic body, and means for transmitting to the edger a to and fro movement simultaneously with the advance of the spading blade during the travel of the carriage.

11. A traveling carriage, a spader blade carried thereby to be projected intermediate a body of plastic material and the side of'a mold form in which the plastic material is confined, an edger for firming and contouring the margin of the plastic body, and means for transmitting to the spader blade a to and fro movement, and to simultaneously advance the edger during the travel of the carriage. v v

12. A travelingvcarriage, an edger carried thereby for firming and contouring the marginal edge of a body of plastic material and advanced by the travel of the carria e, and a scraper shoe overhanging a side 0 a mold form in which the body of material is confined for removing therefrom misplaced material, said scraper shoes being operative in unison with the edger.

13. A- traveling carriage, a spader blade carried thereby to be pro ected intermediate a body of plastic material and a side of a mold form confining the plastic body, and meansfor oscillating the spader blade during the advance of the carriage while in such relation with the form side and plastic bod 14. traveling carriagev movable in a path of travel parallel with the marginal edge of a bodyof lastic material, an edger carried by the carriage for firming and contouring the marginal edge of the plastic the marginal edge of a body of plastic ma- I terial, a scraper shoe dia onally disposed to the path of travel of t e carriage and overhanging a side of a form mold confining the plastic body for removing from the form side misplaced material, and means for transmitting to the scraper shoe'a to and fro movement simultaneously with the progressive advance of the carriage.

16. A traveling carriage movable in a path of travel substantially parallel with the marginal edge of a body of plastic material, a pair of scraper faces oppositely inclined in transverse relation to the path of travel and overhanging a side of a mold form confining the plastic body for removing therefrom misplaced material and means for transmitting to said scraper faces to and fro movement simultaneously with intermediate the plastic body and a side of a mold form enclosing the plastic body, and.

a reciprocatory scraper shoe overhanging the mold formside, to remove therefrom misplaced material, and advanced by the travel of the carriage in unison with the advance of the spader blade.

18. A traveling carriage, movable in a path of travel substantially parallel with the marginal edge of a body of plastic material, a spader blade carried thereby to be projected intermediate the body of lastic material and the side of a mold orm confinin the plastic body, an edger also carried by the carriage in tandem relation with the spader blade and means for trans mitting to both the spader bladeand the edger to and fro movement during the progressive advance of the carriage.

19. A traveling carriage, movable in a path of travel substantially parallel with the marginal edge of a body of plastic material, a spader blade carried thereby to be projected intermediate the body of plastic material and the side ofa mold form confining the plastic body, means for transmitting to the spader blade a to and fro movement, and a scraper shoe also carried by the carriage and overhanging the side of the mold form to remove therefrom any misplaced material.

20. A traveling carriage, movable in a path of travel substantially parallel withthe marginal ed e of a body of plastic material, a spader lade carried thereby to be projected intermediate the b0d of plastic material and the side of a mo] form confining the plastic body, means for transmitting to the spader blade a to and fro movement, and a scraper shoe also carried by the carriage and overhanging the side of the mold form to remove therefromany misplaced material, and means for reciprocatmg the scraper shoe simultaneously with the to and fro movement of the spader blade. 21. A traveling carriage movable in a path substantially parallel with the margina1 edge of a body of plastic material, an edger carried thereby for firming and'contouring the edge of the plastic body, and a sore er shoe engaging a side of the form mol confining the plastic body and operative simultaneously with the edger for removing from the form side, misplaced material.

' 22. A traveling carriage movable in a path substantially parallel with the marginal edge of a bod of plastic material, an edger carried there y for firmin and contouring the edge of the plastic ody, and a scraper shoe engaging a side of the form mold confining the plastic body and opera- I tive simultaneously with the edger for removing from the form side, misplaced material, and means for transmitting to the scraper shoes a to and fro movement simultaneously with the progressive advance of the carriage.

23. The herein described apparatus for finishing the margin of a plastic body consisting of a spading blade inserted intermediate the plastic body and a side of a confining mold form, an edger in tandem relation with the spader in engagement with the edge of the plastic body and means for transmitting to said spader and edger simul taneously to and fro movement while progressively advancing the spader and edger in a path of travel parallel in relation with the margin of the plastic body.

24. A travelin carriage operative over the side of a mo] form for plastic material as a track, material treating means upon the carriage, and a reciprocatory scraper carried by the carriage andengaging the mold form side to remove therefrom misplaced material.

25. A traveling carriage movable in a path of travel in substantially arallel relation with the margin of a ho y of plastic material, an oscillatory head carried by the carriage, material treating means carried bythe head, a reciprocatory member guided by a side of a mold form confining the plastic body and a telescopic connection between the reci rocatory member and the oscillatory hea whereby the motion of the head is transmitted to the reciprocatory member while compensating for the differential of the oscillatory and reciprocatory paths of movement of the respective parts.

26. A traveling carriage, a spading blade supported upon the carriage to be projected into a mass of plastic material adjacent to the side of the mold form, and means for transmitting to the blade a rocking movement to and fro and up and down through the mass of material in close roximity to the inside face of the mold orm, during the advance movement of the carriage.

27. A traveling carriage, an agitating im-' plement supported upon the carriage and projected into the mass of plastic material adjacent to the side of a mold form, and means for transmitting to the im lement movement, while working in and be ow the surface of the mass of material.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands this 8 day of February A. D. 1924.

ELDEN D. BAYLEY.

WILLIAM BAYLEY.

Witnesses:

E. C. R-InnHART, ROY V, BURK.

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