US1540311A - Heat-insulated container - Google Patents

Description

1925. 1,540,311 P. H. BRAINARD HEAT INSULATED CONTAINER Filed Oct. 13, 192.5 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 2, 1925. 1,540,311

P. H. BRAINARD HEAT INSULATED CONTAINER Filed Oct. 15, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 2, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT PEARL H. BRAINARD, OF MAGOIVIB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGINOB TO MACOMB MANUFACTURING COMYE'ANY, OF MACOIVLB, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

HEAT-INSULATED CONTAINER.

Application filed etober'13, 1923. Serial No. 668,291.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PEARL H. BRAINARD, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Macomb, in the county of McDonough and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heat-Insulated Containers, of which the following is a specification. r This invention relates to containers havmg walls constructed with special reference to resistance to heat transfer from the exterior to the interior of the container, or vice versa, and particularly to containers the walls of which comprise inner and outer shells positioned to leave a space between them, and having this space especially treated to check the transfer o heat by either conduction or convection, namely. by converting it into a substantial jacket of low heat conductivity through means of a filling, such, for instance. as subdivided cork; the inner shell being designed to constitute a receptacle for materials to be protected against change in temperature; and the outer shell serving as the confining and protecting skin for the subdivided material of the insulating jacket, as well as a mounting and centering means for the inner shell during packing of the insulatingmaterial be tween the shells which are united over-the restricted area afforded by concentric necks with which the two shells are formed.

The embodiment of the invention herein selected for purposes of illustration is designed primarily to serve as a portable container for liquid or other toods,'but it is to be understood that the novel features of the invention are applicable to containers designed with forms and dimensions that'ren- 40 der them available for a wide variety of other purposes, such, for instance, as stationary water coolers. refrigerators, incu bators, and, in short, all containers in which it is desirable-to minimize the conduction of heat through the walls The object of the invention is to provide an improved method of packing the subdivided material between the inner and outer shells of a double walled container of the kind herein described, whereby the material can be introduced with greater convenience and accuracy, and be more densely packed, particularly under thebottom ot the container,

and thereby better adapted to resist downward displacement of the inner shell relatively to the outer shell in response to external shock. l \;ccordingly, another feature of the invention consists in forming an outer shell with the bottom portion thereof originally separated in about the horizontal plane of the bottom of the inner shell, assembling the inner shell with the body of the outer shell, with their necks concentric,

molding a body of cement into the space between the necks in adhering relation to the highly porous material otthe inner neck,

and in fillingrelation to reentrant spaces'or recesses in the outer neck, then filling the space between the inner shell and the body oi, the outer shell with subdivided insulate ing material, for instance, ground cork, ramming said material firmly in position to adapt it to check air circulation which might result in convection of heat, and better serve as a spacing medium to fix the inner shell against vibration inthe outer shell, and then, when the space between the shells up to the level defined by the existing side wall of the outer shell is completely packed, heaping upon the upwardly presented bottom of theinner shell a pyramid of subdivided insulating material in a quantity determined by the natural angle of repose of such mate-' rial when piled thereon, and finally pressing into position upon the top of such pyramid of subdivided material, and into telescoping relation with the side walls of the outer shell, the flanged bottom of the outer shell in a manner to trap such a substantial volume of the insulating material between the bottoms of the inner and outer shells and in the remaining side space as willcomplete the insulating jacket with the density desired, and establish. in that portion ot the insulating jacket substantially the same conditions that were attained by ramming the insulating material into the space between the inner shell and the portion of the outer shell first assembled therewith.

To contribute to the trapping of the requisite body of subdivided material between the two bottoms, the bottom of the inner shell is preferably slightly concaved, and the depth of the flange upon thebottom of the outer shell, which enters into telescoping relation with the side wallsof the outer shell, is such as to meet the sidewalls materially in advance of the ultimate position of the bottom and thereby trap the insulating material against escape, whilecompression due to pressing thebottom home is taking place.

The invention will be fully understood .upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in i which- Figure 1 shows in vertical longitudinal section, and in an inverted position, a water.- bottle embodying the severalfeatures of the invention, and l I Figure 2 is a similar view illustrating the method of assembling the bottom of the shell and insuring desired density of the filling material around the bottom.

1 represents the inner-shell, 2 the outer shell positioned one within the other with a substantial space between them, and 3 represents a filling of ground cork or other material of low heat conductivity filling said space. The shells 1 and 2' are construoted, respectively. with necks 1 2*, locatedwith a substantial space between them,

'25" and this space is filled with a body 4 of hard setting cement, the necks being provided,

respectively, with grooves 1 and 2" to firmly key this body of cement between them. Preferably the neck 2 will have an 'inturned flange 2 for determining the axial relation between the.- inner and outer shells, and this, together with the necks 1 and 2 constitutes a mold in which the uniting body l of'cement can be conveniently and accuratelycast when the'assembled shells of the container areplaced in inverted position, with the bottom section of the outer shell omitted and before the. insulating filler 3' is put in place r The body 4 of cement is preferably'built upto a level slightly above the shoulder of the outer shell,as shown, as this insures a. solid body of cement and-permits the cement to be introduced in a relatively slack condition in which'it can flow intimately into all the spaces. The material of which the inner shell 1 is'constructed is particularly adyantage'ous in 'securinga solid and immovable union between the necks of the shells by the cement filler 4, as" the cement.

adheres very-much more intimately with T the surface of the inner shellby reason of 'itsnon-glazed porous condition.v The cement used for. uniting the inner and outer shells. is preferably a good grade of Portland cement, or equivalent material, with a sufficient proportion of plaster of Paris to neutralize any acid condition of the cement,

.or preferably hydrated lime in' sufficient proportion for thispurpose, or equivalent alkaline matter, as this will lend the additional advantage of rendering the cement union still less pervious to moisture.

- In the neck union there lsa firm anchorage of the inner shell in the outer container which fixes these two members against relative axial movement, and the firm packing of the insulating material between them completes the means for positioning the inner shell within the outer shell. I

In order to secure the proper distribution and desired density of insulating material between the inner and outer shells, it is quite easy to pack .the annular space between the sides'ot' these members before the bottom member 2 is put in'position. But considerable difficulty is experience in securing.

proper density of packing between said bot- "tom member of the inncrshell and the bottom of the outer shell. These parts are as sembled, according to the present invention,

' by first developing a pyramid or pile of subdividing insulating material upon the upturned bottom of the shell 1, the sidewalls of the shell as thus far assembled extending upward preferably to about the level of said bottom, and then pressing the bottom section 2 of the shell downward upon this cone ofmaterial and until the telescoping flange .2 of said bottom section fits within the annular side wall of the outer shell, when the subdivided material will have been displaced laterally sufliciently to fill the entire remaining space between the bottom of the inner shell and the bottom of the outer shell, and the materialwill be rendered particularly compact and firm beneath the bottom because of the flat or slightly concaved form-of the bottom of the inner shell which limits the flowing of the subdivided material under the axial pressure of the shell bottom.

The. procedure last described develops an I assembly which is particularly advantashell having means constructed to resist out-.

ward flowing of the subdivided material;

geous in a heat insulated container in which and the subdivided material introduced between said bottom and the bottom of the outer shell being under substantial pressure in adirection perpendicular to the bottom of the inner shell. 4

2. A heat insulated container comprising inner. and outer shells with heat insulating material confined. between them; the inner shell having a concave bottom, and the outer shell having a side wall terminating adjacent said concave bottom and a bottom wall engaged with said side wall and pressing the insulating material upon said concave bottom; the mass of material between the bottoms of the shells being normally ofv largely greater volume than the space'mto which it is pressed.

'3. A heat insulated container comprising inner and outer shells, and heat insulating material in the space' between the shells; the inner shell having a bottom which, when presented upwardly, is adapted tosupport a pile of insulating material in subdivided form and having a specific angle of repose, and the outer shell having a side wall and a flanged bottom, the flange of said outer shell bottom being adapted to engage with the end of said side wall and thereby provide a compartment between the bottoms adapted to compress and hold a bod of such insulating material piled upon t e inner shell bottom previous to putting the outer shell bottom in place; the end of the outer shell side wall being so spaced from the edge of the inner shell bottom, as to-constitute a proper gage for the insulating material when poured upon'said inner shell bottom, and insure the volume of such material desired to be compacted within said compartment.

4.-The method of assembling the inner and outer shells of double wall heat insulated containers which consists in first introducing into a bottomless outer shell, an

inner shell having its bottom constructedwith means to resist outward flowing of subdivided packing material, placed thereon,

,ing material placed thereon, packing insupac-king the space between the sides ofthe I shells with insulating material, piling in-l sulating material in subdivided form upon the bottom of the inner shell, in volume substantially greater than the ultimate space to be maintamed'between the bottoms of 1 bottom with substantial axial pressureand the shells and then applying an outer shell flattening and condensing the pile of material between the two bottoms.

5. The method of assembling the innerand outer shells of heat insulated receptacles which consists in introducing into a.

bottomless outer shell, an inner shell hav ing its bottom constructed with means to resist outward flow of subdivided insulatlating material into the space between the sides of the inner shell and the surrounding confine, piling upon the inner shell bot- I of such material to be compacted between the bottoms, and finally putting the outer shell bottom in position over such gaged .pile .of insulating material, pressing said outer bottom axially to the outer shell, and thereby compacting the pile into the space between the bottoms.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, this 10th day of October, 1923. a

v PEARL H. BRAINARD.

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