US1539319A

US1539319A - Injector

Info

Publication number: US1539319A
Application number: US648651A
Authority: US
Inventors: Strickland L Kneass
Original assignee: Sellers William & Co Inc
Current assignee: Sellers William & Co Inc; William Sellers & Company Inc
Priority date: 1923-06-30
Filing date: 1923-06-30
Publication date: 1925-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 1942-05-26

Description

, 1,539,319 s. l.. KNEAss INJECTOR Filed .Jung so, '1925 2 sheets-sheet 1 May 26, 1925.

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Patented May 26, 1925.

ur'ul'rlan STATES;

PATENT OFFICE.

STRICKLAND L. KNEASS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WIL- LIAM SELLERS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA,

A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

iNJEoToR.

To all whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I` STRICKLAND L Kxnxss. a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Injectors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,` reference being hadD to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specifica-tionr My invention relates to injectors, such. for example, as are used for supplying feed water to steam boilers.

The object, of my invention is to". provide an improved injector whereby thev latent heat in exhaust steam will be utilized as a motive agent to assist in feeding a steam boiler, as, for example, a locomotive boiler, and at the same tinie whereby the heat units in such exhaust steam will be returned to the boiler.

I accomplish the objects of my inve'n tion by means of certain relatively proportioned receiving and discharging nozzles, in-

' let areas for water and openings for discharge, so as to obtain from the waste heat of exhaust steam sufficient energy to establish a. continuous jet. of water and condensed steam passing through the nozzles, resulting in a terminal pressure much above that of the Ainitial pressure of the exhaust steam. The jet is discharged into the receiving chamber of a live steam injector under such pressure as to enablet to receive and force water, at a higher tempera-- ture than heretofore, against initial boiler pressure.

More particularly, the object of my invention is accomplished by'means of a novel and simple combination `of tubes and nozzles so proportioned and pierced by nariow lateral openings protected from external pressure and separated by self-closingrr valves, so that the jet` within the heater nozzles is capable of rejoining and automatically re-establishing the jet in case of excess counter pressure produced by the live steam injector. At the same time, the up- Application led .Tune 30, 1923. Serial No. 648,651.

ward flow vof the supply water through the `i exhaust steam nozzle into the exhaust pipe or cylinders is prevented by the special locat-ion' of the lateral openings.

By virtue of my invention, it will be noted a large percentage of heat from a waste product is obtained and there is established a continuous injection of feed wa.

ter into the boiler at such a high tem`` perature that the eiiciency of the steam producing plant is increased, while at the same time internal strains are so reduced as to materially lessen the cost of maintenance.

It will also be noted that the results obtained by my invention are obtained with simplicity of construction and manipulation and a reduction in attention necessary on the part of the operator.

Having now indicated, in a general way,

the nature, purpose and advantages of my invention, I will proceed toa more detailed description 'of' apreferred embodiment thereof, with reference to the accompanyino` drawings, in Which Pig. l is a vertical sectional View of a device embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 Figure 1. l

Fig. 3 is a'sectional view on line 3 3- Figure 1. y

a represents acasingprovided with an inlety b for the admission of exhaust steam to a steam nozzle b which dischar es into a combining tube c, having the orm of a Venturi tube. The combining tube isV providedin itsupper portion with a narrow lateral opening d affording communication with van overfiow chamber e, and in its middle and lower portions with narrow lateral openings f and f affording communication with an overtiow chamber g. Outlet from the chamber e into the chamber g is` through a check valve h and final outlet,

from chamber gto the air is through a check valve 2'. The combining tube forms at its lower end a. delivery nozzle o' Adjacent the upper end of the combining tube venturi.

c is a waterchamber j provided with a water inlet controlled by a valve Z. A narrow annular opening mi is provided for the passage of water from the water chamber into the combinin tube.

The construction o the overfiow chambers e and g and their special use with the protecting check valve L is novel in any jet apparatus in the form of a Venturi tube 0p'- erated by exhaust steam where the proportional area of the steam admission nozzle is ten or more times than that of the delivery tube, and larger than that of the venturi at the upper lateral aperture. It preventsl any injurious infiuence from the discharge from the lower lateral apertures of the combining tube, permits a wider range of proportions between the water and steam supplies, and renders the operation more positive. Further, the upper lateral aperture d may be placed nearer the end of the steam nozzle, rendering the apparatus more easy to start under all conditions, especially when the pressure of the steam exceeds that of the head of the water supply. In cases of similar separation in high pressure injectors, such as the use of a special valve protecting the space between the lower end of its draft and the upper end of its combining tube, the location of this space or opening is at a cross-sectional part of the tubes considerably larger than the limiting area of the steam nozzle, essential for the purpose of producing a partial vacuum in the water supply chamber during steam discharge.

Further, the construction includes the discharge of fiuid from the upper lateral aperture al of the low pressure venturi into the lower chamber g so that in case there be a lower absolute pressure within this chamber, the upper check h will open and any waste will be entrained by the moving jet. through the lower apertures f and f of the The construction alsov gives the advantage of double protection against miiux of air to the upper lateral aperture as any leakage must pass under the two check valves 71, and z'.

Adjacent the lower end of the delivery tubes c is a live steam chamber n, provided with a live steam inlet o and a steam nozzle p in communication with a series of forcing tubes g forming a Venturi passage.

A chamber fr adapted to receive water from the delivery tubes c of the heater nozzles is in communication with the forcing tubes (l, the flow of water being controlled by a check valve s.

The forcing tubes Q are provided with several narrow lateral openings t which afford an outlet for overow into a chamber u and finally to the air through check valve lv.

The forcing tubes are provided at the upper end with a terminal check valve w, which controls the discharge into a final delivering chamber a2, from whence the water passes to feed a boiler through feed pipe y.

The operation of the device will be understood from the following:

Exhaust or low pressure live steam from an engine cylinder is admitted'through the inlet b in the body or casing a, flows through the steam nozzlel b and the upper narrow lateral opening d of the combining tube to the upper overflow chamber e, and discharges in part under the upper overflow check valve It; another portion of the steam flows through the middle and lower narrow lateral openings ofthe combining tube into the llower overflow chamber g, both portions finding outlet to the air by lifting and discharging from under the final overflow check valve i. This fiow from the engine cylinder may be allowed to occur during the time that the engine is in operation, as the device may be used with or without an intercepting valve between the exhaust supply Aand the body or casing, since the waste pipe may be connected in such manner as to not cause inconvenience to the operator by the outflow of steam.

Vater supply is admitted by opening the valve Z, entering the water chamber of the injector body under a head or pressure; it passes in a thin sheet through the narrow annular space m, between the outer walls of the exhaust steam nozzle b and the inner wall of the upper part of the combining` tube c; contact with the inflowing steam immediately causes condensation, producing a high vacuum, which increases the inflow of both the steam and of the water. The resultant jet discharges with rapid acceleration, due to the continued impulsive action of the stcanu'past the upper narrow lateral aperture d and through the convergent partel of the combining tube, through theI narrow throat of its delivery nozzle c', producing a head in the chalnber r of many timcs that of the initial pressure within the exhaust steam supply pipe.

ln case of surplusage of water` due to the position of the water supply valve or incorrect location of the exhaust steam nozzle relative tothe cross section of itsl combining tube or insufficient steam pressure, waste will occur through a narrow lower lateral opening f into the overflow chamber g, pass under the lower overflow check i to the air; as will occur in case of operation against excessive counter pressure, without destroying the continuons action of the jet within the upper parts of the combiningtube.

During this continuity of the jet, a partial vacuum within the combined upper part of the combining jet caused by condensation of the inflowing steam is communicated to 4the upper ovcrfiow chamber e..

lli

the`live steam forcing set of tubes and nozzles from which outflow may be obtained through the several narrow lateral openings in-the tubes to their overflow chamber u, finding outlet to the air by passing. under g the final overflow valve 0.

To complete the required series of operations, live steam from the boiler is admitted to the chamber n through the opening o, discharges through a small guiding nozzle p, which forces the entering water from'the exhaust steam heater lthrough a series of convergent and divergent tubes g, and lifts the terminal check valve w, discharging through the final delivery chamber a: into theboiler feed pipe y. The narrow lateral apertures t within and at the end of the forcing tubes q are proportioned so as to give free relief to the live steam discharging from the nozzle .p in case of temporaryv interruption of the wateror steam supply. Under certain conditions when the terminal overliow check valve ofthev live steam set of tubes is free to open, the combined heater andinjector is able to restart automatically without the attention of the operator.

In a -case where the terminal overflow check valve rw is held tightly to its Seat by means of the screw stem, free outlet to the steam tubes is closed and might produce an excessive counter pressure against the action of the jet of the exhaust steam heater; butA the consequent return or back How 'oi steam or water from the live steam tubes is pre'- vente'cl by the automatic closure of the check' valve s; this closure of the delivery check of the exhaust steam heater lprevents back How from the live steam set, through the de-l livery tube of the exhaust steam heater and only produces -a. counterpressure againstv which the heater cannot operate; this results in waste oi. waterand condensed steam from the lower overflow of the exhaust heater which tnds outlet under'the check valve i of the lower overllow chamber without interfering, with the continuity ofthe jet of the exhaust steam heater within the upper parts of the combining tubes so 'that by; releasing t-he overflow check valve lof. the l1ve steam set so as to permit relief `of pressure engine or locomotive can'be retrieved, and

this amount or percentage depends upon the relative proportionsof entering steam and water supply. It is also known that the ability of a live steam injector to receive and deliver warm -water against initial pressure depends upon the velocity and `the thickness of "the annular sheet of water at the limiting area of the receiving en d of the live steam combining tube. To obtain this end, the pressure produced by the exhaust steam heater nozzles is. made as high as practicable and Lthe constricted area between the discharging end of the live steam nozzle and its combinlng tube is made very narrow so as to roduce a thin annular cone of water entering the live steam combining tube,

which results in a large condensing surface for. the live steam jet. By means of the proportions of nozzles and tubes, I have obtained a high temperature of delivered water from the exhaust steam heater, which enters the live steam combining tube with great velocity, and is discharYged into the boiler at a of that of the initial live steam; Under such condltlons, there will be pressure above the atmosphere in the overflow ychamber sur` -temperature not far below the temperature rounding the combining tube of the` live steam set of tubes which would cause an out?l flow of hot water and steam from the terters Patent is: atmosphere from' the overflow of the live 1. A steam lboilerlfeeder comprising, in

`which 'may be by combination, an injector comprising a steam nozzle, a combining tube provided with a lateral overflow opening positioned at a point where the cross sectional area of the tube is substantially smaller than the minimum diameter of the steam nozzle and greaterthan the area of thewater entrance, means to prevent influx through saidfopen ing, and a delivery tube operated by low pressure steam, a second injector comprising a steam nozzle, a combining tube and adelivery tube operated by high pressure steam, a passage affording communication from said first mentioned injector to said second injector and a check valve in said passage adapted to preventreflux. s

2. A steam boiler vfeeder comprising, in combination, an injector, comprising a steam nozzle, a combiningv tube and a delivery tube operated by low pressure steam, delivering to a second injector operated by high pressure steam and comprising asteam nozzle, a combining tube and a ldelivery tube, a check valve adapted to prevent reux from the latter injector, a lateral 'open\` of the Water entrance to the combiningv tube` a chamber enclosing said opening, a second chamber in communication with the said first chamber, a second opening in said combining tube positioned between said first mentioned opening and the point of minimum diameter of the low pressure delivery tube, said chamber being provided with a port tothe air, and outwardly opening check valve controlling said port, a lateral open- 10 ing in the high pressure combining tube, a

chamber surrounding said opening having an outlet port to the air, and a check valve to prevent influx through said port.

In testimony of which invention, I have