US1529754A - Spelter furnace - Google Patents

Description

mach 17, 1925.

C. M. STEIN SPELTER FURNAGE Zal Vllw/Ilr/llW/ll Mmmw i mmh 17, 1925.

C. M. STEIN SPELTER FUNAcE Filed Aug.v 19, 1921 n 2 sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 17, 1925.

narran STATES PATENT orifice.

CHARLES IVI. STEIN, OF PAB-IS, FRANCE, `ASSIGNOR` TO SOCIETE ANONYME DFSk APPAREILS DE MANUTENTION ET FOURS STEIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE, A CORPORA- TION OF FRANCE.

SPELTER FURNACE.

Application filed August 19, 1921. Serial No. 493,598.

To ./Z lwhom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES M. STEIN, a citizen of France, residing at Paris, France, have invented a certain new and useful Spelter Furnace, of which the following is a. specification.

rlhe invention has for an obj ect to provide a fui-nace adapted for use for heating spel- -er or like material, wherein substantial uniformity of temperature will be maintained throughout the various parts of the furnace, and the heat thus evenly distributed'to the material contained therein.

Another object of the invention is to construct a furnace of the above character in such manner that a relatively high heating eiiiciency will be secured particularly on account of the manner in which the heatedV gases are led to the material to be heated.

Another obiect is to provide a. furnace of the above character wherein a recuperator is so associated with the remainder of the apparatus as to form a compact and efficient` structure in which the flow ofadequately pre-heated air for combustion purposes will be promoted. T he furnace also embodies special features designed to prevent the parting oi' choking of the recuperator due to the dust und slag carried along with the spent gases issuing from the combustion chamber.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious and in part specifically pointed out in the description hereinafter contained which, takenv in connection with the accompanying drawings, discloses a preferred embodiment of the in- `vention; such embodiment, however, is to be considered merely as illustrative of its principle. In the drawings:

Fig. l vertical transverse sectional View of a furnace made in accordance with the invention.

Fig. is a longitudinal vertical section taken on line 2 2 of Fig. l, certain parts of the structure being cut away to show a pre- Ji'eired section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

The illustrated embodiment of the invention is shown in the form of a spelter furnace adapted to receive spelter'containing retorts upon inclined shelves l located in the walls of a chamber 2, which thus contains the material to be heated. It will be under stood that the retorts are suitably spaced apart to permit the flow of heated gases past the same.

If a furnace of the reversing type be cmployed for purposes'similarto those abovementioned, or a furnace working on the recuperative principle, there isa tendencytowards irregular heating of the retorts, due to the fact that the parts of the chamber into which the heated gases enter tend to become much hotter than the remainder thereof, resulting in an undue breakage of retorts. Ac-

cording to the present inventionthe hot;

gases of combustion are led from'the comz.

bustion chamber 3 to the chamber2 in a downward direction, the combustion chamber 3 in the present instance being 4located above chamber 2, and extending directly overv the top thereof. Thusas the .heated gases pass from combustion chamber 3 downwardA faster flow-of gases past portions ofchamber,

2-whicli tend toremain at a relatively lower temperature,k and at the saine time the heat of the gases of combustion is effectivelyutilized, since the portions of the gases at a higher temperature tend to rise and thus remain in chamber 2 until their hfeat has Vbecome fully transferred to the material to be heated. Y

It is preferred to lead the air and combus tible gas to combustion chamber 3 in an upward direction, whereby the flow of the'gas is reversed in passing into chamber 2. According to the present form of the invention, a pair of heating chambers 2 are disposed side by side and separated by a wall 4 of the furnace, the combustion chamber 3 being made large enough to extend over the top of both the heating chambers. The air and combustible gas are then led into the bottom of chamber 3 respectively by means of upward- .ly-directed air conduits 5 contained within the furnace wall 4, and similarcombustible gas conduits 6 alternating with the air conduits. (See upper right hand yportion of Fig. 2). A plurality of mixing chambers 7 separated by partitions 8 may be interposed between conduits 5--6 and the, combustion chamber 3 in such manner that combustion lili) ofthe mixed air and gas begins within the chambers 7, rand is completed within the combustionchamher 3. Thus vthe gases-of combustion are projected upwardly and cenwithfthef air conduits 5.

trally thereof, and the current of gasthen.

divides and passes downwardly throughthe chamber 2, with the result that the retorts,

particularly atthe upper end of such chamf` ber, are not subjected to the direct action of burning gasesya factor whiclrtendsto `avoid undue localized heating.

Aszshown"` in 'i Fig; 5.1,: the combustible gas the 10W-fof combustible gas into the different portions ,of :.the'fdistributing chamber 10,' a pluralityrpf ports'll may be interp'osed'be tween clia'mberlO-V and the supply of gas,A

suitable dampers lsuch as slabf12being associat'edswith tl1e1ports,fand being adjustable from the exterior of the furnace to obtain` an evenzflow ofy gas throughout the Vlength ofI the furnace.: i, 4 A Ifpre'ferfto'fpreheat the incoming air for vthe furiiafcef` by `Vmeans of a reeuperator, which,maybe'combmed with the aircon' duits 5 in such manner as to secure a substantiallyfunimpeded upward Vtlow of the air to the-combustion'chamber 3; As showin',

the recuvperator.- comprises 'a plurality cf vvertical tiersoflblocksbor'tiling137 each' tilev having aplurality of unimpeded vertical air passages 14 registering similar passages in lthe tile@immediatelyV above; and below' the,-

same, -w:hereby"air may enter `through the immediate fconduits" underneath the' recu perato'r,y and pass upwarc ly through the `un-` impeded' l.verticalipassages:11e' to' an lair distributing vchamber 16, which Inorder toii'nsure that the How of gases of combustion downward through chambei"3 2 will produce a. uniform degree of heat' throughout*A the ldifferent porticnsfof the chambersuch gases are led vthrough a plurality offvoutward ports 17 extendingfrom`y the bottom rwall of thel chamberV into gathi.

ering iues'flS respectively extending longitudinally ,ofthe/chamber, and suitable dampers -such as the' slabs-19 are provided Withaports' 17,'rthe dampers being adjustable from theexterior of-*the furnace to regulate the flow: of..gases-through' the several ports 17. 'Ordinarily the end dampersflQ 'will be open somewhat :further than 'the'fiiiterme'n diate ones, since the end portions of t-he'furnace tend y to'be the coolest.'

The'spent gases are passed through the recuperaton'` the 'tiles :'13 supporting.v between themv'al'plurality of plates 20 which provideufhorizontal passageways 21 to receiverthespent-gases... As shown-'1in Fig.'2,

then'ce to the eXhau'stfflue 26.

communicates y fineslblein'gv i'utilized'.r f Y' fion..

the spent gases pass alternatively through the upper twosets: of passages 21*` from right to le'lt to a gathering chamber 22 at the end of the iecupei'atOr. This chamber is provided With av partition 23, havingan open ling .24; therein,` the lextent of whichl vis con 4trolled by the adjustable slab .25.7 The-spent igasesthenpass from left to right through the rtwo lower sets of pasageways 2l, and Thus the damper or slab 25 regulates the flow of the Y gasesl f 'through f *the f "severa-l "portions of the heatingchambcrf 1 kif In 'furnace'sof the character described,

on account-i 'oeffthe' slagl 'and dust carried' oll into i fthe'i recuperator 'along vwith tfheilspent -the tilesor checker work of the re cuperatoriL "'or regeneratorL ai-eVli'abIetdiclogupfquicllyi flasSr" audit is ftentimes diiiicu-l-t lto remove i the dustand vslaq from the' tiles'for checker b withthe presenti-furnace I 'i'nterpos'e aidust major portion ovfthefslagfor 'dust in the trap i after :leaving ffluet18`passldownwardly under ya partitionf'QS andfover a-`=`ledge QQbefoi-e'W-i" "entering pasageways 2'1",A -t-hi'is| depositing thev1 throughf the normally closed open'ing'BO'asl,Y

sociaftedltherewith?" l Thefseveralfpa'rtsof the furnace structure are so vrelate-dto. each' other that the flow of incoming air and 'fcombus'tible "gas through the l'coinbustionlchainber S'fiis substantially unobstructed fby thef parts l"of the "structi'ire' the furnacea's a'whilel relatively 'compact'. substantially 1 alll ofI 'the spa'ce within fits? con- While asp'e'c'ic' orm of the invention has fbeen described,`'it fisobvious that "many 'changes be Vmade therein'witho'ut de# L f defnedfnthe'folwingleiamsp f 1. A non-reversing furnace of the class -describedhavinglachainberadapted'to conpartingfffrom' the "spiriti of fthenvention as l tain -materialifto'b'e heated,- 'saidchamberv flow 'ofheated gases therethrough, a comlbustion 'ch amber llocatedsubstantially `ienvbeing constructed te permit the dcwvnw'z'ird'y tirelyabovev said first-mentioned chamber 'Y for leadingfcoinbustible gasfto 'said combuse ltion chamber;,whereby-the gaswill pass from rsaid combustion chamber'through saidf-'firstfand communicatingthe-rervith, r'aridfmeansvvv 1" mentioned chamber @inf afidownward 'direc-f'v 2. A- noiiereversing furnace of the class described havinga chamber adapted to conl' ytain material to" be heatedys'aidchainber 'be+"" ing constructed to permit the downward How of heated gases therethrough, a combustion chamber associated with said first-mentioned chamber and communicating therewith, and means for projecting substantially all combustible gas into said combustion chamber in an upward direction, and leading the gas from said combustion chamber into and through said first-mentioned chamber in a downward direction.

3. A non-reversing furnace of the class described having a chamber adapted to contain material to be heated, said chamber being constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gas therethrough, a combustion chamber located substantially entirely above said first-mentioned chamber and communicating with the upper portion thereof, and means for projecting combustible gas into said combustion chamber in an upward direction whereby the flow of gas is reversed in the combustion chamber and the gas flows downwardly therefrom through said firstmentioned chamber.

et. A non-reversing furnace of the class described having a chamber adapted to contain material to be heated, said chamber being constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gas therethrough, a combustion chamber associated with said first-mentioned chamber and communicating only with the upper portion thereof, and means for leading combustible gas to said combustion chamber and then down through said first-mentioned chamber.

5. A non-reversing furnace of the class described having chambers disposed side by side and adapted to contain material to be heated, said chambers being constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gases therethrough, a combustion chamber communicating only with the upper portions of both of said first-mentioned phambers, and means for leading combustible gas into said combustion chamber whereby the gas will divide in said combustion chamber and pass through both of said first-mentionedr chambers in a downward direction.

6. A non-reversing furnace of the class described having chambers disposed side by side and adapted to contain material to be heated. said chambers being constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gases therethrough, a combustion chamber extending over the space above both of said firstmentioned chambers and communicating only with the upper portions of such chambers, and means for projecting combustible gas into said combustion chamber in an upward direction, whereby the iiow of gas is reversed in the combustion chamber and the gas divides and passes through both of said first-mentioned chambers in a downward direction.

Tt A non-reversing furnace of the class described comprising chambersl disposed com rising se arate u wardl directed airv and combustible gas conduits disposed between said first-mentioned chambers for leading combustible gases to the combustion chamber.

9. A furnace of the class described comprising members disposed side by side and adapted to contain material to be heated, said chambers being constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gas therethrough, a combustion chamber located above said first-mentioned chambers, and means comprising upwardly directed air and combustible gas conduits located in the wall between said first-mentioned chambers, and a mixing chamber common to said air and gas conduits interposed between the same and the combustionv chamber.

10. A furnace of the class described having a chamber adapted to contain material to be heated and constructed to permit the downward Iiow of heated gases therethrough, said chamber being provided with outlet ports adjacent its bottom to permit the downward flow of heated gas through all portions of the chamber, and means to regulate the rate of downward flow of gas in different portions along the length of the chamber.

11. A furnace of the class described havin a chamber adapted to contain material to be heated and constructed to permit the downward iiow of heated gas therethrough, said chamber being provided with outlet ports adjacent its bottom to permit the downward 'low of heated gas through all portions of the chamber, and means to regulate t-he rate of downward flow of gas from different portions along the length of the chamber, said means comprising dampers respectively associated with said outlet ports.

12. A furnace of the class described having a chamber adapted to contain material to be heated and constructed to permit the downward flow of heated gases there'- through, said chamber being provided with outlet ports adjacent its bottom to permit thedo'wnyvard flow of heated gas; through n all ortio 's of thejchallflbergineahs to reguf' downiyar'dlow of'gas from 'n vpo'1'"'tions along the', length of the A. and a gathering Hfiue. associated above-,mentionedoutlet ,ports all lead.

13'. Afurnaceof the class described comprisinlgJ ,af changibez adapted to contain mafy terial tolbe" h'eated andconstructed to permit thendowniyard iowz of heated ,"gas therethroiigdfoutletponts being provided'iadja` ing VVlinefunderlying; saidoutlet ports, and a.

said gathering u recup ator located beneath flue adapted toneceive thegas passingtherefrom slag, trap being interposed between saidA thering'ueand said recuperator. w

llfurnace ofy the Clase described comprising,r a; combustion chainbei, means, for

leading ,airlto said chamber:comprisingupi'rected air Vconduits located beneathw preheatingthe an.`

Wardlythe sameandimeans teil' sadcond jswcronpris g arecuper er .disp'osed y beneath the same :and having b substantially uniinp Passasjelfheeilt @www air cond]Kiits. y e

15. A yfurnace of theclass described Kconiprising chambersdisposed sideby side and each adapted'tocontain'rnaterial to be heated, a combustion Chamber e:-:tendinl over the space aboveboth df said first-men ioled chambers, ineans kfor leadingair yto said coin- ,bustiony 'chamber iny an upward direction,

comprising,upwardly =directed air conduits located in thewall ofthe'ffu'rnace between said firlstme'ntioned chambers and means for`i preheating theA air' ntering saidV conduits comprising recuperators disposed respectively beneath 4said iitstfnientioned chambers and on Aopposite sideslof said conduits, said recuperators` having Ysubstantially uninipedl-K ed vertical air passages in conannlncation with Asaid'airconduits.-

the space Labove both of said vfirst-1nentioned chambers, means for leadingzair to said com- A bustion chamber-Dinan upward direction, comprising upwardlydirected air conduits located in ythe sWall 'of 4they urnacefbetween( saidv firs't-nevnti-oned chambers, and `means located in .theall of thefurnace'between."

lbers and on opposite sidesl offsaid,condnitay 16. A furnace of theclass described cont-Y` prising` ychambers l disposed side by side and1 each adapted'tocon'tain material tobe heat ed, a combustion' chamber1 eX'tendingl even iol" I-Pleheatee the @ifZ entering Said: @enduits f comprising', recuperators .disposed respectivel, ly beneath saidv first-mentioned chainlbeijsYM and` on opposite'sidesy of said conduite-said v =recupkegraftors having/Y. substantially unitn; G0

peded air passages'yin conf'inuiunication with said air conduits, vithel Walll ofthe furnace between said ,'iirs'tlrnentioned chambers being providedwithl combustible gas ,con-` duits alternating Withsaid'airLcondllS. E 17. A furnace otheiclass 4described corny Y prisinp;` chambers disposed sideby sidefand l n each'adap'tedto containmateifialto be heatv. ed, a combustion cha'richer eXtendingv over, the space above both ot said iirst-nntoned chambers,v means for ,leading tosaid coin- Y bustidnfcharnber in 'an upwardydirection, comprising,up'yvaidlyfdirectedfair conduit-s,y

said first-mentioned chambers;` vnieans .for Peheatina theal entering Said conduits,

comprising` Y, recuperator disposed f respeten i tivelyv beneath said irsty-mentionedxcham, I

the chambers andleading'gfroni said Areeup- `95 craters toward; the vCornbnstion "chambeiy passin'g'rom 'the nenti/cned Chambers disposed :underneath id chanjibers Aand interposed between the sfanileandsaid ,recup-@100 era-tors. f n

19. The combinatOn set lforth in claim 18, together with sl'A traps tlocated beneath'lv the gathering fines 1d' beyond lthe ends ot' the recuperators.,iV

In testimony, that l l claiinV the foregoing, I have hereuntodset my handV this 12 day of July, 1921K,

CHARLES Mf STEMv`

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