US1526531A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Feb.v 171. 1925.

E. P. DARGIN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Fileg July 14, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 @mesi P llfrlll Il l llr Peanfedreb. 17, leas.,

UNITE@ ERNEST P. DARGN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

INTERNAL-contaminan :enema Application led July 14, 1922.

To aZZ 107mm t may concern Be it Vknown that I, ERNEST P. Dancin, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city and county ot Deliver and State ot Colorado, have invented certain new and 'useful Improvements in internal-Geminis tion Engines; and l do declare the following to be a full. clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same. reference being` had to the accompanying drawings, and to thc characters of reference markcdthereon. which torni a part of this specification.

This invention relates to internal combus tion engines, and more particularly to the construction of the valvesthereot.

In the great majority of internal combustion engines manufactured today, the valves are the cani-operated reciprocating valves ot well known type.

It is well known that the valves of an interna-l combustion engine are a source ot trouble, as they are. constantly becoming foul and must be reground at frequent intervals. They are also; usually more or less noisy and very seldom give sutheient port opening to prevent wir'e drawing ot the intake charge and back pressure on the exhaust stroke.

llt is the object of t-his invention to devise a rotary valve that is adapted to be operated from cranks or eccentrics on a rotatable shaft instead ot by means ot cams. A rotary valve. as is well understood. does not require constant regrinding and rescating, and is also comparatively7 noiseless. and besides this. it can be so designed as to provide. sufficient port opening to prevent wiredrawing of the intake and excessive baek pressure.

'I attain the above objects b v means ot a construction which I will now describe in detail, reference. being had tor this purpose to the accompanying drawing in which-- Fig. 1 is a. section taken on line 1-1. Fig'. 2. with parts thereof broken away to better show the construction:

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-`2, Fi 1;

Fig. rSlis a `section through the cylinder head taken on line 3-3, Fig. 5

Figli's a section 'taken substantially on 'une fsw; ing. "e, mi Shows ai@ position of thevalves Vduring a 'portion ot' Vthe eX- ha'ust lstroke" Serial N0. 575,078,

Fig. 5 is a section similar to that of Fig. l, and shows the position ot the valves during a portion olf' the intake stroke; and

Fig. o is a diagram showing the positions ot the valves at the various parts of the stroke.

he same reference numerals will be used to indicate the same or similar parts Ihroughout the several views.

Numeral l represents a crank casing-in which the crank shaft 2 is rotatably mounted by means ot suitablebearings 3. Directlv above the crank sha-tt there is a cylinder l within which is reciproeably mounted an ordinary piston 5. A connecting rod 6 joins the wrist pin 7 with the crank pin 8. A timing gear 9. secured to the crank shaft so as to rotate therewith cooperates with a gear 10 which has a pitch diameter twice that ot gear 9. Gear 1() is secured to a crank sha'tt 11 and serves to rotate the lat ter at a speed one-halt as great as that of shaft 2. The top ot `the cylinder is a` flat surtace termed by the upper side of flange Bolted to the top of the cylinder block is a cylinder head 18 which contains the valve mechanism, which Irwill now describe. The cylinder head 13 has an outside wall 1li within which there is a c},'lindrical hous inn* 15. the inside ot which is bored to truc. cylindrical term and adapted to receive a cylindrical valve which will be hereinafter described. The cylindrical housing 15 is attached at one end to the inside of wall 14 by means ot' a transverse wall or flange 16. A cap 17 which has an exhaust tube 1S at- 4tachcd thereto. serves to close the opening at the end ot member 15 and to direct the exhaust gases into the exhaust pipe. A cylindrical. valve member Q() tits within the cylindrical housing with a clearance ot approximately one two-thousandths ot an inch. so as to rotate freely therein when the parts are well lubricated. A second cylindrical valve 21 tits within the valve 20. and within this last named valve member l insert third valve member which .l will call the control valve. The control valve has an outer wall 22 which has a sliding Ht with the inside of the valve 9.1: it also has an inner wall 28 which is joined at one end to the outer wall 22 by an annular end wall Q4: whileat the other end the two walls are held in spaced relation by means ot a number of spokes 25, some ot which are provided with an opening 26 through which the lubrilll) eating oil passes on its way to the inner surface. A central tubular member 27 has the end 28 closed and the other end provided with an outwardly extending flange 29 which is bolted to the removable head A by means of bolts 31. The intake pipe 32 may be bolted to the flange 29 by means` of bolts 33. The control valve has a radial ear 33 which is joined by means of a connecting rod 34 to a crrosshead 35, which in turn is pivotally attached to the upper end of connecting rod 36. The crosshead 35 is slidably connected with the guides 37. The lower end 38v of connecting rod 36 is connected to a crank pin on the crank shaft 11. Cylindrical valves 2O and 21 are provided respectively Awith radial ears 39 and 40, to which are respectively connected the upper ends of connecting' rods 41 and 42, the lower ends of which are pivotally connected to the crosshead 43 at points 44 and 45, respectively. A connecting rod 46 joins fthe crosshead 43 with a crank pin 11a on the crank shaft 11.

As the crank shaft 11 rotates crossheads 35 and 43 are continually reciprocated on guides 37 and 47, through the instrumentality of the crank shaft 11 and the connecting rods 36 and 46. The reciprocation of the cross head 35 is transformed into an oscillating movement ot the control valve about the outer surface of tube 27, and causes it to oscillate between the two positions shown respectively in Figs. 4 and 5, which, however, are merely intended to show the approximate extreme positions for the purpose of illustration only. As both valves 2O and 21 are oscillated through the recip- 'roeation of crosshead 43, it isv evident that they will be simultaneously moved in opposite directions between the extreme positions which are approximately shown in -6. Water is admitted to the cooling jacket 43 through pipe 49,-and passes upwardly into cooling Chamber 19, finally leaving through pipe 50. Oil for lubricating the surfaces of the valve is supplied through pipes 51.

ln Fig. 6 I have shown a diagram in' which vthe positions of tlieyalve members 2O and 21 are indicated for the various positions of the engine piston. In this ligure the crank shaft is yindicated by the circle 2 and numerals 1 to 3 indicate the positions of. the crank pin 8 for various parts of the engine cycle, which in a four-cycle engine requires two complete revolutions of the crank shaft. Numeral 11 represents the cam shaft or the crank shaft which operates the valves 20 and 21, and the numerals surrounding the same indicate the position of the crank pin 11a for the corresponding positions of the crank pin 8. Since shaft 11 rotates only half as fast as shaft 2, it will have to make only one revolution per cycle. By the upper concentric circles l have indicated the cylindrical valves 20 and 21, and the port openings are designated by the letter P.

For the purpose of this illustration, it is presumed that the valve members 20 and 21 are oscillated through an angle of 60 degrees, during which arms 39 and 40 move 30 degrees above the horizontal and 30 degrees below the horizontal line this, however'` is merely illustrative, as the valve may oscillate through greater or less angles. lllhen the parts occupy the positions indicated by numeral 1, the 7alves 2O and 2l also occupy corresponding positions. The

members within the valve 20 designate the position of the right hand side of the port l, while the corresponding numbers below the valves designate the corresponding positions of the port P in valve member 21.

Numeral 1 indicates the position of the parts at the beginning of the power stroke, in which position the valves close the port opening and these remain closed until the parts reach position 3, which is the end of the power stroke. At position 3 the ports l) begin to open for the exhaust, and are fully open at point 4, while from 4 to 5 they are closing and are fully closed at 5. At position 5 the crank pin 11a is in its lowermost position, and from 5 to 1 moves in an upward direction, with the result that the direction of movement of valves 2O and 21 reverses. At point 6 of the intake stroke the valves are again fully open, and close again at T and remain closed duringthe compression and the power strokes, The crank arm which cooperates with connecting rod 36 leads the crank pin 11a by approxi-` mately 45 degrees, and serves to move the control valve in such a manner that the ports are connected to the exhaust and the intake at the proper time, .in fact, the control valve is merely, in effect. a two-way valve alternately connecting the ports ply and the exhaust pipes.

From the above it is believed. the operation of the valves will be clear, and l will not elaborate further on this. An engine built inthe manner described will not employ the usual cams which cause noise and which require reciprocating valves which are diliicult to keep clean and tight. but instead it employs oscillatingvalves moved by crank arms or cccentrics, and is therefore capable of much more noiselcss operation. and at the same time the valves *are not liable Vto become leaky through the deposit of carbon.

Having now described my what I claim as new is- 1. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising in combination, three relatively movable members, means operated by the engine shaft invention,

for oscillating said members, two of said" to the sup-l li O members having simultaneous oscillatory movements in opposite directions.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising in combination, three rel-atively movable members, one of which has two port openings, and the other two having one port opening each, means for moving the one member alternately in opposite directions, and means for simultaneously moving the two members alternately in opposite directions.

3. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake and exhaust ot the engine, comprising in combination three relativelyT movable members, and means operated by the engine shaft for oscillating said members, two ot said members being oscillated simultaneously, in opposite directions.

Il. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising in combination three relatively movable mem-- bers, and means operated by the engine shaft for oscillating said members, two ot said members being oscillated simultaneously and at the same rate in opposite directions.

5. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising in combination, three relatively movable members, and means operated by the engine shaft tor oscillating said members, one ot said members having an intake and an exhaust port, the other two members having each one port opening, and means operated from the engine shaft for oscillating the member having the two port openings, and means tor simultaneously oscillating the other two members in opposite directions.

6. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a piston reciprocably mounted therein, a crank shaft, a connecting rod connecting the piston and the crank shatt. andv a second crank shaft for operating the valves, said second shaft being driven positively from the vFrst mentioned crank shaft, a cylinder head containing valve means for controlling the intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes, said valve means comprising a supply pipe havving one end open and connected with the carburetor and the other end closed, a` valve member oscillatably mounted on the supply pipe, said valve member consisting ot two cylindrical members concentric with and spaced from each other, al cylindrical member surrounding said valve member and adapted to oscillate thereon, a second cylindrical member oscillatably mounted on tl e irst named cylindrical member, means connecting the valve member to the second crank shaft tor oscillating the same, and means connecting each of the two cylindrical members with the second crank shaft for oscillating the same simultaneously in opposite directions.

7. An oscillating valve for an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylindrical valve housing, an intake pipe extending into said valve housing and concentric therewith, a cylindrical valve member mounted in saiid cylindrical valve housing` a second cylindrical member mounted within the first named valve member, a third valve member mounted within the second named valve member, said third valve member being composed of two concentric spaced cylindrical members, the smaller of which is movably mounted on the inta-ke pipe, a port opening in said intake pipe, a corresponding opening in said cylindrical member, a .single port opening in each o said cylindrical valve members, an exhaust and an intake port in the third valve member, and means for oscillating said members in accordance with the movements of the engine, said valve housing having an exhaust opening in communication with the exhaust port of the valve member.

8. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve 'For controlling the intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes thereoi". said means comprising a cylinder head having a cylindrical chamber extending transversely thereof. an intake pipe projecting into said chamber and of less diameter than the chamber. whereby an annular space is formed, a valve member consisting ot two cylindrical concentric members mounted so as to oscillate on the intake pipe and occupying a part of said annular space, a port in said intake pipe, an intake port in said valve member extending trom the inside to the outside thereof, an exhaust port extending through the outside of said valve member, a pair of rotatable cylindrical valve members occupying the remaining annular space between the first named valve member and the innei` surface of said cylindrical chamber, means :for oscillating the valve member, and means for simultaneously oscillating each member of the pair ot valve members in opposite directions.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature.

ERNEST P. DARGIN.

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