US1526320A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Feb i925 W. H. CGQK HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 20, 1922 STEAM 4 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 17,. 1925. 1,526,320

W. H. (300K HEAT EXCHANGER Feb. 17. 1925 i,526,320

w. H. cooK HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 2o, '1922' 4 sheets-Sheet VI-COOK Y Feb, 17. 1925.

W. H. COOK HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 2OI 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4` OIL www;

Patented F eb. 17, 1925.

OHIO, ASSIGNOR '10 HAUNQEY Bl FORWARD, 0F URBANA,.OHIO. i u

4 WILLIAM H. COOK, OF URBANA,

HEAT EXCHAN GER.

Application filed March 240, 1922. Serial No. 545,125.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM COOK,

, a citizen of the Unitedl States, residing at andv useful Improvements in Heat Exchangers, of which the following is avspecication. A:

This invention relates to heat exchangers for transferring heat from one moving body of fluid to another and is particularly designed for use in oil refining systems, in. which the.oil being treated is heated by means of steam, oil vapor or heated oil at a high temperature and pressure.' I

It is an object of the invention to construct the heat exchanger in a compact form in lwhich a iuid conduit of great length is subjected to theheating iiuid confined to a path of travel along the exterior of the conduit. A further object is4 to minimize the loss of heat' due to external radiation. Other objects will appear from the following description in connection with the annexed drawings.

The following description and annexed drawings set forth in detailV certain means embodying the invention, the disclosed means, however constituting but one of the various mechanical forms in which the prinv'ciple of the invention may be employed;

lIn said annexed drawings:

Fig.V 1 shows a central vertical section through the heat exchanger.

Fig. 2 is a view showing the exchanger partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section the walls of thel cylinders being progressively broken away from the bottom towards the top to show the arrangement of the pipe coils.

Fig. 3 shows a section taken on the plane indicated by line 3-3 in Fig. 1.

Fig. l4 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the connection between adjacent pipe coils at the base ofthe casing.

Fig. 5 a sectional view taken on line 5 5 of Fig. 1.

Fig; 6 is a dia rammatic view showing the manner in which the pipe coils are connected to formv a continuous conduit.

Referring'to the drawings,` the heat exchanger casing consists of a cylindrical metallic shell 1 formedfrom relatively heavy plate, a top plate 2 and a bottom plate '3. The top plate 2 isbolted to a iianged ring l4 welded 'or otherwisev fixed to the upperl edge of the shell 1. A sheet of packing material 5 is clampedv between the lower face of lthe plate 2 and the upper edgel of the shell. The bottom 3 is'bolted to a flanged ring 6 similar to the ring 4 secured to the bottom of the shell 1 and a packing sheet 7, corresponding to the sheet 5 is secured between the plate 3 and bottom of the shell. Inside the shell lare a series of concentric cylinders, clamped between the top and bottom plates 2 and 3. The inner cylinderS is of relatively small diameter the outermost of the inner cylinders 9 forms with the outer shell 1 an annular chamber 10.

Between the cylinders `8 and 9 are a series of intermediate cylinders 11 of regularly increasing diameter forming a series ,of annular chambers 12 all of the same radial width. Aninlet pipe 13 is passed through the base 3 into the outer annular chamber 10 and is formed into a coil 14 fitting the. outer surface of the cylinder .9. The inner `and outer cylinders 8 and 9 have openings 15 and 16 adjacent the top and alternate intermediate cylinders 11 have similar openings 17 adjacent the top thereof. Thev alternate intermediate cylinders 11 between the cylinders having openings adjacent the tops thereof have openings 18 adjacent the bottoms thereof. The pipe 13 at the upper endv of the coil 14 is bent inwardly through the opening 16 at the top of the cylinder 9 into the outermost of the annular chambers 12 where it is formed into a coil 19 the inclination of the convolutions of which is lreversed with respect to the convolutions of the coil 14. At the bottom of the outer of the chambers 12 the pipe 13 extends through thebottom plate 3 and has secured thereto a T fitting 2O to which is attached a drain cockv 21 and a short horizontal pipe section 22 connected through an elbow fitting 23 with the lower end of a pipe 24 which is l coiled in the next two inner concentric chambers 12.' The pipe 24. extends up through the base plate 3, is coiled in the second inner annular chamber, passes through the outer i of the upper openings 17 and is reversely coiled in the third inner annular chamber. Successive concentric coils are formed in the same manner inside the coils 14 and 19 until the' inner annular chamber 12 is concentric. coils 26 and 27 extends upwardly in theinner of the annular chambers 12 and downwardly through cylinder 8 and thefconvolutions of coil 27 are disposed at a relatively steep angle owing tothe small diameter of the cylinder 8. The 'connecting portion of coils 26 and 2-7 Vpasses through theopening atthe top-of the cylinder 8.

The lower end of c-oil 27 extends through the bottom plate 3 and is connected with a suitable discharge conduit. The pipes from which the vconcentric coils are formed are ol' lan external diameterto fit tightlyv between the cylindrical: walls of the annular chambers 12 in which they are located and may l5 be spot welded or o-therwise rigidly secured to said walls to form a fluid tight connection therewith. The outer annular chamber 10 `is wider than the intermediate chambers 12 so that an open space is provided between the coil 14 and the shell 1. An inlet con c duit 28 for the heating fluid, communicates through the botto-m plate 3 with the interior 0f the cylinder 8, and an outlet conduit 29 for the heating fluid communicates with the outerannular chamber 10 through the bottom plate 3'.

In operation the heat-ing fluid, which may be steam at a high temperature and under high pressure, oil vapor, or othersuitable heated fluid, passes into the inner cylinder 8- around the inner coil 27 on the interior of the cylinder 8, through the opening 15 into the inner of the annular chambers 12, through thehelical passage formed in the inner annular chamber between the convolutions of the coilk 26 to the bottom of the chamber, thence through the lower opening 18 into the next outer annular chamber thence through the helical passages in the successive annular chambers 12 communicating with each other through the openings 17 and 18 at the top and bottom ot' alternate cylinders 11, and finally into the outer annular chamber 10 through the opening 16 at the top of' the cylinder 9, over the outer coil 14 and o ut through the outlet conduit 29.

The oil or iiuid to be heated enters pipe 13 A into the outer coil 14 and passes upwardly through said coil which is subjected to the h'eatlng fluid from which the greater portion of the heat has been talen,'thence suc- 4 cessively through the concentric inner coils which are subjected to heating fluid ot' progressive-ly higher temperatures, and finally through the interior coil 27 which 1s sub- `jected to the incoming heating fluid delivered at high temperature into the interior cylinder 8 through the inlet conduit 28. The oil or. fluid passes out of the discharge conduit 25 at substantially the 'temperature of the heating Huid;

The location of the heating fluid inlet 28 Y and the outlet 25 forthe heated fluid at the center of the cylindrical casing concentrates the heat in the central portion ofthe exunderstood in the art the exposed surfaces of the casing and conduits may be provided with suitable lheat insulating coverings not shown. Drain pipes 30 extend through the bottom plate 3 into each of the annular chambers 12 and are provided with valves 31 whereby liquid condensing/and settling in the bottoms'of the chambers can be drawn oli from time to time. The 4pipes 30 extend slightly above the bottom plate 3 so ,that a layer of liquid will remain in the bottoms of the annular chambers 12 below the openings 18 forming a liquidseal preventing leakage of vapor closed bottom portions.

. Each of the openings for the pipe terminais in bottom plate 3 is made fluid tight by packing held in place by packing glands The fluid in the coils within the exchanger casing can be completely drainedby means ot' the cocks 21 in the connections between the lower ends of the coils, it being understood that the pipe terminal oi one coil passes through bottom plate 3 closely adjacent the terminal of the next coil as shown in Fig. 5 to permit convenient assembly and connection as shown in Fig. 4.

What I claim, is:

1. In a heat exchanger, a continuous conduit consisting of a large number of concentrically disposed helical pipe coils' confined within a closed chamber; and a series of concentric cylinders engaging said pipes and forming closed, helical fluid passages exteriorly of said pipe following the convolutions of said coils.

2. In a heat exchanger, an outer cylindrical casing having a fluid tight top and bottom, a series of concentric cylinders within said outer casing extending from the bottom to the top thereof', helical pipe coils in th(` annular spaces between successive cylinders sai@` coils being formed of pipe of a size to fit between the walls ot' the concentric cylinders, said coils in successive annular spaces having an opposite inclination; said coils being connected end to end to form a conn tinuous passage, said inner cylinders having openings alternately at the top and bottom thereof whereby' a passage for fluid is formed exteriorly of said coils and co-extensive therewith.

3. In a heat exchanger, an outer casing, a continuous conduit therein formed by a series of interconnected concentric helical coils, `cylindrical partit-ion members interposed between the successive concentric coils and fitting tightly thereagainst to provide closed spiral steam passages paral`eling the convolutions of each coil; inlet and outlet conduits connected to the bottom. ends of said outer and inner coils respectively; inlet and outlet passages for a heated fluid conbeneath the cylinders havingpartition membershaving openings alter` assensol nected to said casing within said inner coil and outside saidouter coil respectively said uately in the tops and bottoms thereof. x

4. In a heat exchanger an outercasin@r comprising a cylindrical shell andl a base and top having a fluid tight connection-therewith, an inner concentric cylinder having a fluid tight connection with said base and top; and a series of concentrically disposed cylinders surroundin said inner cylinder a helical pipe coil in saidinnerc linder an oppositely inclined coil connecte with said inner' coil other inter-connected concentric coils in the annular spaces between successive cylinders, the pipe of the coilslbeing of a diameter yto lit tightly in the spacebe-"-therewith, a series of concentric inner cyltween successive cylinderswhereby helical passages are Vformed between the convolultions of the coils, said cylinders having openin establishing communication between the' en s of' helical passages `formed along successive concentric coils.

5.`In aheat exchanger, an outer casing', a series of concentric helical coils therein forming a continuous passage for fluid to be heated, means-for conducting a heating.

helical ,passages are connectedfto form a" continuous closed spiral passage for heating vfluid valong the exterior of the coiled Plpe' 7. In a heat exchanger, an outer casing comprising a cylindrical wall ,a base and top having a fluid tight connection therewith, a large number of inner concentric cylinders having a fluid tight connection x with said base and top, a conduit for fluid lto be heated comprising a seriesof concenfils tric coils disposed inthey spaces between and engagedjwith the walls' of successive concentricl cylinders, said cylinders having openings alternately in the tops and bottoms thereof, successive pairs of coils having connecting portions .extending through fthe-top openings, means for admitting heating fluid central cylinder, and an outlet for said heating fluid communicating with the oi'iter annular chamber.

8. Ima. heatexchanger, an outer casing comprising a cylindrical .wall a base and `top having a fluid tight -connection therewit-h, a series of concentric cylinders havtion at the top and bottom, respectively with`l ing lluidcommu'nicating with the vouter annular chamber, aseparate drain for each of -said annular chambers, and a passage for fluid tol be heated' consistin of a series of 'adjoining chambers an outlet for the heat- I `connected concentric coils isposed in said =annular chambers. c l

` 9; In a heat exchanger, anI youter casing comprising a, lcylindrical shell and a base and` top having a fluid tight` connection inders having fluid tight connections with said base and top, and forming between ltheni'a: series of annular concentric chambers, each chamber having openings adjacent its bottom and top, respectively, to adjacent annular chambers, drain pipesA for "each of said inner annular chambers said dran pipes projecting above the -base whereby av liquidseal-is rovided at the bottom of 4,the casing, an a passage for fluid to be heated consisting of interconnected concentrically disposed helical pipe 5 coils disposed in said annular chambers.

. 10. In a heat exchanger, anouter casing consisting of a cylindrical shell and a base and a top having fluid tight connections therewith, a series of concentric inner'cylinders having fluid tight connections withy said base and top and forming between them a. series of annular concentric chambers. said cylinders having openings alternately at the top andA bottoms thereof, an` inlet for heating fluid communicatin through the base with the inner-'of said cy inders, an outlet for heating fluid commu- ,n nicating with Athe outer annular chambery,. and a conduit for fluid to be heated having-fl ,Y

its` inlet end extending thrugh the base from said outer annular. chamber, its discharge. end projecting .through the base n within said inner cylinder and its intermediate portion consisting of interconnected concentric helicalcoils of pipe disposed in said annular chambers, the pipe at the upper ends of, the v coils extending inward through the openings at top of' thecylinders and inclined reversely ini-the next adjacent coil; and means .including av drain cock for connecting thelower ends of ad jacent coils. y 11. In a heat exchanger,` a outer drical casing, a lpipe conduitgfo Y be heated in said casin comprisingja-lfafrge number-of coils of' di erent "diameter 4r"concentrically arranged, said conduit having its inlet at the endl of thefouter coil and its outlet at the end of the inner coil, concentric cylinders conning each concentric coil of pipe closelyvto provide a closed tortuous let for saidl heating fluid communicating passage for eheating Huid, said heating with the space between the outer oylindei` fluid passage having, its top and bottom and the casing adjacent said outer coil. portions lformed by the pes and following the convolutions of sai coils, an inlet for VVILLIAM'H. COOK. said heating. uid communicating With the Witness: l

interior of `the central cylinder and an olit- S. M. WHITE.

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