US1519550A - Means for forming wire terminals - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 16, 1924. v 1,519,550

C. POZGAY MEANS FOR FORMING WIRE TERMINALS 'Filed Feb, 14, 1924 INVENTOR 0/4151 fjazmy i3 A ITOI RNEY Patented Dec. 16, 1924.

UNITED STATES CARL POZGAY, OF JAMAICA, NEW YORK.

MEANS FOR FORMING WIRE TERMINALS.

App1ication filed. February 14, 1924. Serial No. 692,623.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, CARL PozcAY, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Jamaica, in the county of Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Means for Forming Wire Terminals, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in pincers and more especially tov terminal forming pincers.

Primarily my purpose is to provide a tool which will successfully engage the end of an electrical wire and form a terminal therein without weakening or breaking the conductor.

It is also my purpose to furnish such a device in a form conveniently handled and adapted to work in positions not accessible to the tools ordinarily employed for such purposes.

The especial object of my invention is to supply a tool which may be operated within the narrow spaces available about electrical apparatus and which will form the necessary wire terminals in their correct positions, after the wire has been cut to the required length.

Electrical wiring for light and power service is now almost universally contained within conduits terminating in boxes, which are usually embedded in the wall or ceiling. Narrow constricted places are unavoidable, there is seldom room for surplus wire length, especially at points where a lamp socket or switch must also fit into the conduit box. The wires must therefore be cut barely long enough to reach, and encircle, the terminals of the electrical device. The wireman is then confronted with the problem of bending the wire about the terminal; often his ordinary wire pliers will not even reach the wire end. Manipulation is practically impossible, the result is the wire is merely clamped" beneath one side of the terminal screw head and the first vibration loosens it. Often, in seeking to make a secure connection, the wire end is cut by the tools used and breaks off. The wire having previously been cut to minimum length (to get it into the box) this breakage sometimes involves hours of labor and the rewiring of an entire section of conduit. My device provides for the avoidance of such breakage, for the correct forming of a wire terminal, for reaching the wire end in the most inaccessible places, and for reducing the labor and skill required. The herein disclosed device is especially adapted for use in making the connections of radio apparatus, where the space is very limited, the parts are fragile and the liability to damage of valuable apparatus by a chance blow, very great. Here, even more than in power and light wiring, connections of low resistance and absolute security are essential. Much of this work must also be accomplished by persons unskilled in electrical work and unfamiliar with the use of tools. Naturally, breakage of wiring and like troubles are even more liable to occur than with the experienced wireman, whose skill in the use of his tools somewhat compensates for their lacking features. My invention provides a tool which forms the wire end to the best terminal form regardless of the skill of the operator and which prevents all possibility of cutting or nicking the wire and causing breakage, while the reduced amount of skill required enables the amateur to work with sureness among the most easily breakable devices.

The pliers, which have been chosen for purposes of illustration, are shown in the accompanying drawings and the appended description will show one method of accomplishment of the above stated objects.

Figure 1 is an elevation of one form of pincers embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 shows the end of the pinc-ers shown in. Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the jaw portions of a modified form of my invention.

Fig. 4 shows in elevation the device shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the jaw portions of a further modification of embodiment.

Fig. 6 shows in elevation the device illustrated in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 illustrates a form of wire terminal produced by use of my device.

Fig. 8 serves to show an application of my device.

That form of my device illustrated in Fig. 1 shows pliers having the usual handles 9, hinge 10, cutters 12 and jaws 1i and 1.6.

To furnish a preferred means for accomplishing my invention, I form a die 20 upon the jaw 14 and a punch 22 upon jaw 16. Punch 22 is substantially cylindrical and the die 20 is substantially tubular in outline.

The inner surface 23 of the die is formed to substantially the external outline of the wire terminal to be formed, While the Outer surface of the punch 22 is shaped to substantially the internal outline of the desired wire terminal. The punch and die are preferably so mounted upon the plier jaws that when said jaws limit faces or stop portions 14 are in contact the difference between the radius of the outer punch surface (indicated as R in Fig. 2) and the radius of the inner die surface 23 (indicated by R) equals the diameter of the wire 25, which is to be bent. Die 20 then preferably provides an inner surface 23 as an arc of a true circle about the centre of punch 22.

The ends of die 20 are preferably rounded as at 24 to prevent possible nicking of the wire surface and to conform to the surface of the reverse bend 27 of wire 25 where it leaves the terminal loop.

Since the jaws 14 and 16 are together when R minus R equals the diameter of wire 25, manifestly the die 20 and punch 22 can never be brought closer together and regardless of pressure, wire 25 will not be flattened, while the length of die which I provide prevents necessity of the reverse bend 27 being made by twisting the pliers about, the single pressure referred to above forms one half the terminal loop and the reverse bend 27 simultaneously.

The manner of forming a terminal is best seen from an inspection of Fig. 7 wherein the base of an electrical device supports a connection strap 38 having an opening 40 for the reception of a wire clamping screw (not shown). The wire 25 is first positioned straight over the opening 40 (as indicated by the dotted lines 42) die 20 and punch 22 are positioned upon either side of the wire and pressureapplied. Part of the terminal loop is thus formed, the extra wire ma terial projecting as indicated by the dotted lines 44. Wire 25 is then released, the positions of die 20 and punch 22 reversed by turning over the pliers, and the punch and die engaged with the projecting wire material. A second pressure then forms another part of the terminal loops, surplus wire being brought to lie parallel with wire 25 as indicated at 46. The screw may then be placed in opening 40 and upon tightening the same a perfect electrical connection will be madesince the wire clamping screw is completely encircled by the wire.

It should be said however, that it is seldom possible to position the pliers directly above the point where the wire terminal is to be formed due to obstructing apparatus or wiring. I have therefore provided for forming my cooperating punch and die at right angles to the jaws 14 and 16, (see Figs. 3 and 4), thereby permitting the plier handles 9 to lie substantially parallel to wire 25 when in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 7.

Nor is it always possible that the plier handles lie parallel with the wire 25 often the only available angle of approach is that lying between the horizontal and the vertical (respective to the plane of the terminal loops required). This condition I provide for by forming the die 20 and punch 22 with their axis at substantially 45 degrees to the jaws 14 and 16 as shown in Figs. 5 and 6.

The convenience of this forty-five degree arrangement of die and punch is illustrated in Fig. 8, in which figure represents a portion of a standard conduit wiring box. As will be understood by those familiar with such wiring, box 60' is commonly embedded in the wall 62 with its front flange 64 pro.- j ecting over the edge of the box opening for the securing of front plates andthe, like. The base 35 of an electrical device set within box 60 is provided with a connectionistrip 38 the combination being similar to that described for Fig. 7 with the exception that flange 64 effectually prevents access from the top while the box wall prevents access from the side. That form of my invention shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is most conveniently employed as indicated, it will be noted that neither the box wall nor the flange 64 interfere with forming a satisfactory terminal in the correct place over connection strip 38*. 64 might equally Well illustrate the position of a detector bulb whenmy device is used in wireless apparatus assembly. It will be manifest that such a bulb would be safe from destruction, since the pliers jaws and operators hand are well removed therefrom.

Figure 8 will also serve to illustrate the extremely close quarters in the average conduit box, the truth of the foregoing statement as breakage of the wire end often necessitating complete rewiring of a conduit section will be self-evident.

Manifestly many changes may be made in the embodiment of my invention and in the application thereof While still accomplishing beneficial improvements over. the prior art. As an instance of such change, any form of pincers may replace the pliers shown for purposes of illustration, and such form may be of the tweezer type, of the toggle type, or of one of the many other types well known to those skilled in the art; Such changes are believed to be well within the spirit of my invention and the scope of the appended claim.

hat I claim is:

A wire bending tool comprising a pair of pliers having jaws pivotally connected'and extending forwardly from the pivotal point, said jaws having substantially flat coacting faces limiting their movement in one direction by closing on each other, a cylindrical pin extending from one of said jaws and having its longitudinal axis in the plane of said face of said jaw, and a cylindrical die carried by the other jaw and having its longitudinal aXis in the plane of the last mentioned jaw, said axes coinciding upon the jaws being closed, said die having an internal radius greater than the external radius of the pin whereby space for wire is left between the pin and die upon the aws being closed to enga e each other.

Signed at New Y ork, in the county of New York and State of New York this 11th day of February A. D. 1924.

CARL POZGAY.

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