US1503812A - Steam turbine - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 5

v E. BLUICKER swmwunmn Filed May 12 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented ug. 5,1924. y

untreu sTArEs n tsaaslz PATENT oFFxcE.

ERIC BL'UCKER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM TURBINE.

ToaZZ 'whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, ERIC BLUCKER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Chicago, 'in the county of Cook, in the State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam Turbines, of which the following is a specifi: cation, reference beingihad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part thereof.

The purpose of this invention is to pro-l vide an improved construction of a steam turbine motor adapted for more economical development of power than has been ob-,V

tained in motors of this type heretofore.V4 It consists in the elements and features of construction shown and describedl as indicated in the claims.

In the drawings Y Figure 1 is 'a side'elevation of Aa motor embodying this invention. y

Figure 2 is an edge elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a horizontal axial section at the line, ,ih-f3, on Figure l.

Figure 4 is a detail section at the line, H, on Figure 3.

Figure 5 is an inner face view of one member of the rotor casing.Y

Figure 6 is a section at the line, 6 6, on Figure 5. y I

Figure 7 is an inner face view of the complementary member of the casing Figure 8 is a section lat the line, 8--8,A on Figure 7.

Figure 9 is an enlarged detail elevation showing a limited segment of the pocketed casingwall with which the rotor4 co-oper ates,said casing wall being formed in two laminas of whichthe inner one is partly broken away to disclose the structure of the other at the parting plane.

Figure l0 is a detail section at the arc, l0-10 on Figure 9.

Figure ll is a detail section at the line, 11-11, on Figure 9.

Figure 12is a section of a small segment of the rotor in an yarc through a selected series of its pockets as at the arc, l2-12, on Figure 13. v Figure 13 is a face view of a segment of therrotor. Y `The turbine shown inthe drawings comprises a rotor, 1, mounted on a power- Vtransmitting shaft, A, journaled in a two-part casing comprising members, 2 land 3, of which, the member, 2, comprises a transagrial web, 2mrand a cylindrical flange( 2 `application med May is, 1923.Y serial No. 638,473.

f therefrom, rendering it cupeshaped and the member, 3, is a `flat disk forming a cover or closure for the member, 2, the rotor be ing fitted fo-r rotation between the two members, 2 and 3, in contiguity at its opposite faces with the inner faces of said case members' respectively. `The rotor is formed upon its opposite faces with a plu4 rality of concentric series of pockets, l, said vpockets being concavely curvilinear, both in circumferentialsection and in radial section, as may be "understood from Figures l2'andf3,r'espectively; and for reducing the thickness vof the rotor disk to the least dimension, the series of lpockets upon one face are desirably opposite the bridges or intervals between the corresponding series of pockets upon the opposite face, as seen in Figure 3, andthe pockets in each series on one faceare opposite the intrvals between the pockets'ofthe corresponding series upon the opposite'face, as seen in Figure 12. The casing members are each formed upon the inner face. with concentric series of pockets, 4:, corresponding to and facing respectively the series of rotor fpockets, la, on the contiguous faces respecl tively,Vv of the rotordisk. The pockets, 5L., are concavely curved in circumferental section, as seen in Figure 10, being angularly trapezoidai in radial section, as seen in Figures 3 andV ll. Each of the case members has situated at a transaXial plane lat erally outward from the plane of the pockets,a4, an annular channel, A5, which -is provided with steam supply connections hereinafter more particularly described. From this channehducts 6 extend between the consecutive pockets, 4, of the innermost series of casing pockets, emerging at the inner face ofthe casing wall on which the rotor is seated directly opposite the innermost series of rotor pockets, la, for discharge of the steam into said pockets respectively, said ducts being inclined with respect to the plane of rotation kofthe rotor circumferentially.` onward inthe Idirectionof rotation, as seen in Figure l0, for delivering the steam jets against the walls of the rotor pockets as indicated by the arrows, a, on Figure 12, so that the jet is reflected and delivered from the rotorpocket in the direction indicated by the arrows, o, on Figurey 12, into the adjacent facing pockets, t, of the casing wall from which it emerged through the duct, 6. From the pockets 4,

' of rotation of the rot0r, as seeniniligure;

ducts, 37,1 extendinithe` casing wall outwardl;

'ly with respect to the rotor and inclined circumferentially onward in the direction 1l, into an annular channel, 8, whichis formed inthe casing in a manner herein-- after more particularly described, and from the,I face of; the casing wall for ,discharge into the: neXt outer series of`rotor` pockets,

1E, the; direction of said ducts, 9, being in# clnedwith respect to'the plane of rota-v tion and with 'respect to radial planes through' their entrance ends respectively,

circumferentially' onward: in the direction ofrotation, .for delivering the steamV Jet derived 4from the preceding casing pocket into the succeeding rotor pocket with forwardY drive againsttlie walls o1c the rotor pocket,

I asin thecase of the entering-jetsthrough the ducts, 6'witl'1 respect to the innermost series of rotor pockets, as above described. Itwilli'be understood that the steam enteringforits Erst attack upon the rotor atV the innermost series ofrotor pockets is eX- panded' and diminished in velocity ,at its deliveryj through theducts, 9, into each successive radially outer series of rotor poele.

Yets, fthe entireY device being dimensioned with" a view to causing the expansion'v and' diminution of velocity andpressure tol correspond] approximately to the increase .in

circumferential speed of the rotor at the successive seriesof pockets due tothe successively greater and greater radius of 'said successive series; so that the impact of the.

steam jets at the outermost series of pook;`

etsshal'l be as effective for iinpelling the rotor in itsxrotation as the initial"jets di rected' against the innermost series of rotor pockets., Thegducts', 7,leadingifroin the casing'pockets of the outermostV series leadto an'annular space, l0, in-the'cas-A Ving, beyond" the rotor, `from which space an exhaust duct, 1l, leads off? tangentially, and is providedwith an eXh'aust'pipe connection as seen atl l2; i

Certain-details of construction chieiiy for convenience of manufacture, lwilll now bel described. Y Each casing member has its lateral wall with whose inner face the rotor is contiguous for its rotation, formed in two lam;

Yiiiee having their parting planeV outward` from theL casing wall pockets, 4, The pockets, 41, are formed'on the inner face ofthe inner'lamina," ai, and through .this lamina vthe ducts,V 7, are formed registering, at their outer'ends with grooves, l5, treated in the foregoing description as part of said ducts,

' v7, said grooves v.extending obliquely with respectl to radial"] 9lanes in the inwardly-facing surface of the outer lamina, y, and leading intol the channels, 8, already described,

' which!` are formed in the saidiA innerface of said outer lamina, y. V*The ducts, V9", are formed 1n theinner VlamingenY m, their'outer ends registering withthe Vradially Youter ends Y of the grooves, l5, whichV thus connectthe ducts,f7v and 9, regardless of the annular channels, 8. VThe purpose and advantage of these annular channels is vto distribute theV i' steam, Vwhich may be. delivered unequallyy from the several poclietseso as to; equalize;- the accessv of steam to 'all'I therotor pockets ofeach series;V andthisrisyparticularly nec essary ina viewV of; the ALfact `that for economy of construction the pockets oallL the series A are of Vthe saine angular extent'stromI which it results tha/t thenurnber oi-poclretsin the several series :increases-'ronr` the center out#V ward, the dimensions being; chosen so'thati theV diiferential between the circumferences oi'- consecutive series-of pockets isfequal toor derived from all the pockets of lone series toY all the pockets of the `nezrtseries `the4 addi-Y tional pocketsin thel outer seriesunight receive no steam, Y Y

For :makingV steam connections tothean- Y nular channels, 5j, thecasingmembers, 2 and 3, are shown provided witlr radialY bosses, 2a

and 3u, which are continuous4 withr transV axial peripheral bosses, 2b, and 3b, andin these bosses steam ductsarezboredleading to the annular bosses, 5a, inv which the channels, 5, are formed, the bores, 2'd and 3d, inthe bosses, 2a anc Sbeing closed@ at the outer endsy by screwed-in plugs, 2e and'eandthe.

bore, 2f in the'transaxial boss, 2", is closedVV byl a plug, 2SA; and'4 at #the entrance'ofifthe bore, V3f, in-*the'vtransaxial boss-Sd, there is applied a fitting-10, for Vreceiving a screwed-` in steam pipe connection. y Y j It will'be understood that the .two'vcasing members, 2:'and"3,f. are machinelitted steam#V tight toeach other and are suitablyl clampedY together by bolts engaging .theirfla"nges`,vas; seen in Figures lV and 1721;' and thatitheir'inl ner faces are machine itted'tothe rotorfaces with such accuracy Vthat-thewater Aof icon# densation affords adequate packing.;Y Bntit will. also be understood'.that-:other liquidi packing and lubrication' may be4 prtwidedir Y I claim: i v

l. In a steam turbine in combinationfwith a rotor dislrhaving ai pluralityl ofconcem tric series or" laterally opening pocketsfcogfiz cavely Vfairvilinear in circuni-axialA section of*V the disk; a casing in vwhich therot'orfis fitted to revolve with .its said pocketed4 face contiguous to'av fixed :wall ofithe'casingjfsaid wall having a. corresponding Yp'lt'irality ot concentric series of'poclets opening toward theV rotor disk pocket series respectively; an- I ing, and ducts from said channels extending between the pockets of the adjacent series opening at the inner face of the casing for discharge into the rotor pockets of the next outward series; the innermost Vof said annular channels having steam pipe connections, and ducts from each ycasing pocket leading into the casing channels lateral to the next outer series of casing podkets, ,ttor supplying to said channels steam for discharge as described into the opposed series of rotor pockets.

2. In the construction dened in claim l foregoing, the rotor pockets being concavely curvilinear in radial section of the disk as well as in circumferential section thereof.

3. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the rotor disk having pockets as described on both sides, and the casing hav ing duplicate construction at both sides of the rotor disk. Y Y

4. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts for discharge into the rotor pockets being at their discharge portion inclined with respect to radial planes onward in the circumferential direction of rotation of the rotor.

5. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts for discharge into the rotor pockets being at their discharge portion inclined with respect to the plane of rotation of the rotor and with respect to radial planes through their discharge ends respectively, for directing the steam delivered through them onward in the circumferential direct-ion of rotation of the rotor.

(i. In the construction defined in claim 1 foregoing, the ducts leading from the casing pocket to the annular channels being inclined forwardly in the direction of rotation from radial planes through their inlet ends respectively.

7. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the ducts from the casing pockets to the annular channels opening in said channels in substantial registration with the openings from said channels of the ducts which discharge from the rotor pockets as described, both of said ducts being inclined with respect to radial planesvthrough their entrance ends forwardly in circumferential direction of rotation.

8. In the construction defined in claim l foregoing, the casing wall being made in two laminae parting at a plane outward from the bottom or back of the casing wall pockets and cutting the ducts which connect the pockets of consecutive series.

9. In a steam turbine in combination with a rotor disk having a plurality of concentric and a series of lateral opening pockets concavely curvilinear in circumaxial section of the disk; a casing in which the Vrotor disk is fitted to revolve with its pocketed facer contiguous to a relatively fixed wall of the casing, said wall having a corresponding series of pockets opening Y' for discharge thereinto from the corresponding rotor pockets respectively; a series of ducts through the casing wall extending between the pockets of the imiermost series thereof, for discharge into the innermost series of rotor pockets; ducts from the cas ing pockets of each series being in curvilinear paths between the consecutive pockets of the next outer series and,-except the outermost series of ducts,discharging into the rotor pockets facing said next outer series; steam inlet connections to the first-l mentioned series of ducts, and steam exhaust connections from the outermost series of ducts.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, at Chicago, Illinois, this 5th day of May, 1923.

ERIC BLUCKER.

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