US1497141A

US1497141A - Building stave

Info

Publication number: US1497141A
Application number: US445406A
Authority: US
Inventors: Forrest S Hart
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-02-16
Filing date: 1921-02-16
Publication date: 1924-06-10
Anticipated expiration: 1941-06-10

Description

Patented June 10, 1924.

ET. S'FS ronnns'r s. HART, or BArAvIA, NEW Yonx.

:BUILD-ING- STAVE.

Application led February 16, 1921. Serial No. 445,406.

tavia, in the county of Genesee and State ofV New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Building Stave, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention relates to improvements in building staves for use in building construction.

The primary object of the invention is the provision of a building stave of reinforced concrete, sodesigned as to formation and reinforcement as to be capable of withstanding extreme pressures.

A further object of the invention is the provision of reinforced building staves adapted for specific use in silo construction, and when so used forming a structure capable Aof withstanding great internal pressures.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a building stave of the above described character, which is `used in silos and the like, and which forms a structure which can be erected without any great de-V gree of skill, and which when erected provides a durable structure, economic in that the same can be readily demounted due to the uniform character of the staves; and in contra-distinction to a building construc'f tion monolithic in character.' Y

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the course of the following detailed description:

In the accompanyingdrawings forming a' part of this specification, and in which` similar reference characters -designatecorf responding views,

Figure 'l is a side elevation of the lower art of a silo constructed ofthe improved building staves.

FigureQ is a cross sectional view taken on lthe line 2 -2 of Figure l.' f

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary cross sectional view showingv the jointed connection of adjacent staves. l j Y Figure 4 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the constituent parts of each building stave.

,Figure 5 is a vfragmentary cross sectional View showing Ythe method of vassembling building staves one upon the other. f

Figure 6 is a perspective view of van individual buildingfstave, Y

parts throughout the several' In the drawings, wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown the preferred embodiment of my invention, the vletter A designates a foundation of anyapproved type,

upon which the concrete staves B are erected. 1n clrcular formation to form a silo C and which staves B are held in circular relation by a wire hoop D, the freeends of Awhich are clamped by the means G;

Since 'the building staves have been primarily adapted for use in silos, and since silos are generally circular in formation, it is preferred that the building staves be arcuated transversely. In this manner, the blocks can readily transmit circumferential pressure in a direct line, and liability of rupture of the individual staves is lessened to a great degree.v

The staves are preferably of poured concrete, yformed of a mixture of one, two, three ratio, that is, one part of cement, two parts of sand, and three parts of stone or screenings. This proportion, however, does not necessarily havewto be strictly adhered to,

and may be changed. The staves are substantially rectangular in formation, and as before stated, arcuated transversely. Exf

cident to any part ofthe concaved surfacev 1l. This expandedvr steel reinforcement is, of course, retlculate 1n formation, and extends from side to side and end yto vend of the stave B, thus reinforcing the same throughout its length and width. The reinforcement rlO is turned up at its Aends 12, and anchored inwardly into the top' and bot tom edges of the stave B.

on@ iongaudinn l@age of the building stave B', is fconvex and projects outwardly to form a tongue 13, throughout thev length of the stave, and which tongue is disposed immediately adjacent thel concaved surface 11 of the stave. The tonguelB, is less in width4 than the' depth or 'thickness of the stave B latfits points of juncture with the body of the stave, and thus provides `a sube stantially flat surface 14 extending paralleland longitudinally of the tonguel, which is immediately' adjacent the convex side l5 of the block B andthe purpose of: which will be hereinafter more, fully set forth. The opposite lon 'tudinal' edge 16 of the block B is provi ed with a substantially vfined by the convex surface 15.

concaved pocket, 17, immediately adjacent the yconcaved surface 11 of the arcuate stave B; and which pocket 17 is less in width than the thickness of the stave and leaves a projecting end portion 18, adapted for cooperation with the fiat surface 14 of an adjacent stave B.

In order to provide bearing surfaces for the wire hoop D and to aid in the retention of the slaves B with respect to each other, it has been found necessary in practical work to provide a` pair of longitudinal reinforcing ribs or hoop-bearing

offsets

20 and 21 upon each stave B. These ribs or hoop-bearing off-

sets

20 and 21 are, of course, formed upon the convex surface .15 of the staves, and may project outwardly for any distance, sufficient to take care of clamping and reinforcing purposes. It is preferred that rods 22 of any approved type be anchored in the

ribs

20 and 21 and in alignment to be intersected by the circumference of the silo as de- 'Ihe longitudinal ribs 2() are so placed upon the conve-X surface 15, that they lie inwardly from the bottom of the pocket 17, so that no part of the longitudinal rib 2O lies directly over the pocket 17. The other rib 21 is so proportioned intermediate the rib 2O and the longitudinal tongue 13 that the proper spacing and proportioning of ribs will result when the various staves are assembled in a building construction. As an aid in maintaining the clamping wires D in position upon the

ribs

20 and 21, spaced indentations 25 are notched in the ribs for supporting the Wires from relative movement upon the ribs.

In order that the staves B will be positioned in proper relation,one upon the other, a pair of lugs 27 are positioned upon the bottom 28 of each stave B adapted for reception or disposition within the impressions 29 upon the top 30 of adjacent building bloc-lts B. In this manner there will be no relative movement of one building block upon the other, due to the fact `that the lugs 27 naturally find their proper positions within the tapered depression 29.

In constructing a silo, such as that shown inFigure 1 of the drawings, it is preferred that a special stave E be provided, shorter in length than the stave B, but otherwise exact in formation as the stave B. The sta-ves B and E are alternately arranged upon the foundation A substantially as shown kin Figure 1. Thereafter, the sta-ves B of uniform length are positioned one upon the other in order that a continuous joint will not result circumferentially around the silo C. As before stated, the silos are to be substantially circular in formation, and adjacent blocks B are positioned with a tongue 13 of one stave fitting into a. pocket 17 of an adjacent stave. In this manner, the

las?, iai

staves B are placed side by side, until a silo of the desired diameter has been constructed. rlhe wire bands or hoops D will of cours-e, have to be placed in the indentations 25 upon the ribs 2O and 21 as the various tiers of staves are built, and the clamping means G properly adjusted, so that the various tongues 13 arel tightly positioned within their pocket 17.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that in this manner the various staves or blocks can be assembled merely in a mechanical manner and bound in their respective relation by means of the hoops D and clamping means G. However, in practical construction, it will be necessary to tighten up the joints of the structure, and it is preferred that al coating, or layer of plastic material 30 be placed circumferentially within the silo or building C, thus presenting a uniform inside surface to the silo. A great advantage possessed by the use of this special type of stave, consists in the fact that the joint formed. by the tongue 13 and pocket 17 can be entirely sealed. As before stated, vthe tongues 13 and pockets 17 are less in` width than the thickness of the blocks or staves and when the staves are assembled, the adjacent surfaces 14; and 18 will be spaced to provide a recess 31 longitudinally of the silo, and intermediate adjacent staves, This recess 31, is provided to receive a plastic filling` 32, to unite adjacent blocks to each other, and secure a permanent bond` vertically of the silo construction.

Nuts 37 are provided for attachment to the ends of the wire hoop D which roject through the clamping means G and) when tightened have the effect of tightly drawing the loop or hoop D circumferentially about the silo C to securely clamp the various staves B tightly together.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that structure has been provided, capable of withstanding huge internal pressures, and which will be the case where silos are used for purposes of storing grain and coal.

It has been found that in practical use, an ordinary concrete block will not withstand the huge pressures resulting upon the longitudinal center of the block.. However, due to the use of the expanded steel reinforcement, the strain is take-n directly off the center of the block or stave, and transmitted throughout lthe length and breadth thereof. This reinforcement, however, directly transmits the internal strain to the outside reinforcing rods 22, and which receive the ultimate strain of t-he inside pressure, to-

gether with the direct pressing effect of the hoops D. Av stave B has thus been provided, which can be effectively used in various types of building construction.

Various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts, may be made to the form of the invention herein shown and described, Without departing Jfrom the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

l. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation, composed of cementitious material and concave-convex in cross section, said stave having an arcuate pocket extending longitudinally upon one edge said pocket being disposed immediately adjacent the concaved inner surface of said stave in order to provide a flat portion upon the longitudinal edge of said stave adjacent the outer convex surface, the opposite longitudinal edge o' said stave having an arcuate tongue disposed thereon and immediately adjacent the inner concaved side ot said stave, the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave in order to provide a fiat portion at the base thereof immediately adjacent the convex surface of said stave.

2. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation, composed of cementitious material and concavo-convex in cross section, said stave having an arcuate pocket extending longitudinally upon one side, said pocket being disposed immediately adjacent the concaved inner surface oi"- said stave in order to provide a fiat portion upon the longitudinal edge of said stave adjacent the outer convex surface, the opposite longitudinal edge of said stave having an arcuate tongue disposed thereon and immediately adjacent the inner concaved side of said stave, the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave in order to provide a flat portion at the base thereof immediatel adjacent the convex surface of said stave, tlie outer convex surface of said stave having arcuated ribs extending longitudinally thereof, one of said ribs being cisposed adjacent the edge oit said stave in which the arcuate groove is provided and inwardly from said groove, the other of said ribs being disposed intermediate said irst mentioned rib and the longitudinal tongue upon A the opposite longitudinal edge of said stave.

3. A building stave of substantially rectangular formation of cementitious material having an arcuate pocket extending longitudinally upon one edge, said pocket being' disposed immediately adjacent the inner surface of said stave in order to provide a. flat portion upon the longitudinall edge of said stave adjacent the outer surface of the stave, the opposite longitudinal edge of said stave having an arcuate tongue disposed thereon immediately adjacent the inner side of said stave, the tongue being narrower than the thickness of said stave in order to provide a fiat portion at the face there-y of immediately adjacent the outer surface of said stave.

FORREST S. HART.