US1494869A - Casting apparatus and method of operating the same - Google Patents

Casting apparatus and method of operating the same Download PDF

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US1494869A
US1494869A US514511A US51451121A US1494869A US 1494869 A US1494869 A US 1494869A US 514511 A US514511 A US 514511A US 51451121 A US51451121 A US 51451121A US 1494869 A US1494869 A US 1494869A
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flask
investment material
matrix
disc
openings
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Robert W Sweetnam
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/20—Methods or devices for soldering, casting, moulding or melting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S164/00—Metal founding
    • Y10S164/04—Dental

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  • My invention has for its object to provide efficient means and method for reproducing in metal, forms of patterns. It particularly has for its object to accurately reproducedental forms embodied in wax patterns
  • the invention may be carried out or embodied in structures of different forms. To illustrate a practical application of the struc ture containing the invention or wherein the invention may be performed I have selected one or two of such: constructions and shall describe them hereinafter. The apparatus. selected for purpose of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 of the drawings illustrates a sectional view of a flask and parts containing my invention, and wherein the method of making dental castings also forming my invention may be carried out.
  • Fig. 2 is-a bottom view of the flask shown in Fig. 1 with the investment material shown removed for purposes of illustration.
  • Fig. 3, is a view looking through the top before the investment material is pl'acedin-l the flask.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an asbestos lining that may be used for forming the mouth of the sprue hole.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a tube for conducting air either under atmospheric pressure or higher pressure to certain points in theommement material and relative to parts of the matrix of the mold.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a top view of a disc formed of material impervious to air and which moreover is a heat resisting material.
  • Fig. 7 is a broken enlarged view showinga part of a tubular frame for withdrawing air from certainpoints within the investment material and which are located in certain positions relative to the matrix of the mold.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates the means for completely surrounding the matrix with a zone of low air pressure condition.
  • Fig.9 illustrates a View of the bottom of" the flask shown in Fig. 8. k i
  • the flask 1 is provided with an inwardly extending'flange 6 on which is located a disc 7 formed of a heat resisting material inrpervious to air and which wil l no't alloy or combine with the metal of whichthecasting is formed.
  • the disc may be formed' of a vitrified porcelain material having a high heat resisting character, that is, one that' will not crack when subjectedlocally to the temperature of the molten metal from which the casting is made, or it may be formed of a sheet metal that has a melting or fusing point well above the" melting point of the metal used to form a casting and which will not alloy nor adhere to the metal of which the disc 7 is formed.
  • thedisc must be formed of a material that will not permit air to pass through the disc and of a material wherein its outer edge may be seated. air tighten thefla n ge 6.
  • the) disc' 7 is secured in position by means ofth'e spring ring 8 that frictionally engages the inner surface of the flask 1: to hold :the disc 7 in position on the flange 6;
  • the disc 7 if desired may be provided with one or more notches 9 and the'flange 6 may be provided with the openings 10'.
  • one or more tubular members 121 may be inserted through the openings 10 formed in the flange 6.
  • the tubular members ll tightly fit the openings 10. They are held in position by the flange 61 They extend to near the upper end; of the flask and particularly to a point located near the upper surface or above the investmentmaterial as finally formed in the flask.
  • the lower endsof the tubular members 11 preferably extend upwards and are located at apoint in proximity to the pointedparts of the matrix 31 and preferably at points within the lines of. projection of the ma trix extending at right angles to.
  • each of the tubes are so located in the investment and relative to the upper surface and the matrix as to regulate the blow or flow of the air, and thus regulate the cooling. and consequently stretching or drawing effect. This results from the difference in the air pressure produced in the different parts of the flask, and particularly the investment.
  • the pattern is supported on a sprue pin 12 that extends through a hole 13 formed in the disc 7. If it is desired to make two or more castings in the same flask at the same time it may be done by inserting the same number of sprues through openings formed in the disc 7
  • the sprues and the patterns may temporarily be secured in position by the use of suitable material, such as the wax 14:.
  • suitable material such as the wax 14:.
  • a tubular frame 18 having openings 19 and 20 may be supported on short tubes 21 that extend through openings formed in the flask 1 preferably near the flange 10 and thus communication is established from the exterior of the flask 1 to the openings 19 and 20 formed in the tubular frame 18 and at the same time the frame 18 is held in position.
  • the frame 18 may be formed of a pair of upright parts 33 and a pair of circular parts 3-1, 35 so arranged that the uprights and the transversely extending parts communicate with each other.
  • the frame 18 substantially surrounds the pattern or the cavity and so that when the air pressure within the frame is reduced it produces a zone of low air pressure about the matrix and the molten metal that may be inserted in the matrix.
  • the portion of the flask on the pattern side of the disc is filled with the investment material and allowed to at least partially solidify.
  • the upper portion of the flask that is, the portion above the disc, is likewise filled with investment material and the mouth about the upper endof the sprue pin is formed and the sprue pin may be withdrawn.
  • the openings may be closed by a disappearing material, such as-wax or plugs of other material.
  • the flask may be heated so as to' cause the wax contained. in the pattern and used for plugging the openings of the tubular members to be burned out, whereby the opening will be formed and communication will be established between the tubular members and through the porous investment inaterial for the movement of the air.
  • the flask l is then placed in the shell 2 and they are supported on a suction plate 22 in the manner well known in the art. Air is then drawn from the shell 2 while at the same time gold placed within the mouth of the sprue hole may be melted by means of a blow pipe.
  • the suction produced will draw the air from the tubular frame 18 and will form a low pressure zone about the vmatrix of the mold so that as the metal is melted it will pass down through the sprue hole and fill all of the space within the matrix. Since the disc 7 closes off the advent of any air around the sprue hole or to the frame through the investment material located in the upper end of theflask the molten metal, such as gold, will be forced by the atmospheric pressure into the sprue hole and into the matrix.
  • the tubular members 11, how ever, conduct air to points near the extremities of the matrix and preferably between the lower extremities of the matrix and this air will difl'use itself radially towards the low pressure areas or portions within the flask.
  • a pressure plate 23 may be placed on the upper end of the shell 2 and any desired pressure may be produced within the top of the flask.
  • a second frame 18 position by a locking ring 25 that may be held in position by suitable lugs, such as the bayonet lugs 2.6 that engage the radially extending lugs 29.
  • suitable lugs such as the bayonet lugs 2.6 that engage the radially extending lugs 29.
  • the central area of the disc may also be used to contribute to the formation of the low pressure zone by forming holes 30 in any desired number in the disc 24.
  • the ring may be strengthened by forming the spider 36 integral therewith.
  • a. flask a mica disc supported on the flask and having an opening through which molten metal may pass.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a mica disc seated on the flask and having an opening through which the metal may pass.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in portions of the investment material surrounding the sprue.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a: matrix formed in; the investment material, a. disc impervious to air and enclosed in portions of the investment material surroundmg the sprue, and having an opening of the: sizeof the sprue at the point that the disc is located through which the molten metal may pass, and having substantlally anair sealing fit near its periphery witlrthe wall of the flask.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material surrounding the sprue, and having an opening of the size of the sprue at the point that the disc is located, through which the molten metal may pass, and having substantially an air sealing fit near its periphery with the wall of the flask,
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a ma.- trix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior oflthe flask through the said openings, a. shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and with in the tubular passageways formed in the investment material.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed there in that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investmentmaterial, a disc impervious to air to air covering the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubular passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate withthe exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air covering the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubu lar passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
  • a. casting apparatus comprising av flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica. disc covering the matrix and the tubular passageways.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with. the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc covering the matrix and the tubular p assageways, the investment material having a tubular passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc cover ing the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubuflask having investment material and a.
  • the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the invest ment material iaving passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within. the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask, having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passagewaysformed therein. that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
  • a casting apparatus ing a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the open ing having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
  • a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a. mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wallof the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located, the lower end of the flask covered by a disc impervious to air.
  • a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a disc impervious to air supported on the flange, the flask having openings located below the flange and a tubular frame secured in proximity to the openings and communicating with the exterior of the flask through the openings.
  • a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a disc impervious to air supported on the flange, the flask having openings located below the flange and a tubular frame secured in proximity to the openings an communicating with the exterior of the flask through the openings, tubes supported by the flange and located within the flask.
  • a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a mica disc having an opening the size of the sprue hole and supported on the flange.
  • the method of producing castings which consists in forming a low air pressure zone in vicinity of the matrix and moving air across the lower extremities of the metal in the matrix.
  • the method of producing castings which consists in forming a low air pressure zone in proximity to the lower side of the matrix and moving air across the lower extremities of the metal in the matrix while the metal in the mold is subjected to a pressure greater than that of the zone.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Prosthetics (AREA)

Description

May 20 r924 1,49 ,869
R. W. SWEETNAM CASTING APPARATUS AND METHOD 0E OPERATING THE SAME filed Nov. 12. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 20 1924. 1,494,869
R. W. SWEETNAM' CASTING APPARA-TUS Aim METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME Filed Nov. 12, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2
-- MVNTCR- 0 Patented May 20, 1924.
UNITED STATES] ROBERT W. SWEETNAM, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.
cas'rms APPARATUS AND METHon or OPERATING THE SAME.
Application filed; November 12, 1921-. Serial No. 514,511;
To all whom it may can com:
Be it known that I, ROBERT SWEETNAM, a citizen of the United EStates and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have made an Invention Apperta-ining to Casting Apparatus and Methods of Operating the Same; and I do-hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and
exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to' the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.
My invention has for its object to provide efficient means and method for reproducing in metal, forms of patterns. It particularly has for its object to accurately reproducedental forms embodied in wax patterns The invention may be carried out or embodied in structures of different forms. To illustrate a practical application of the struc ture containing the invention or wherein the invention may be performed I have selected one or two of such: constructions and shall describe them hereinafter. The apparatus. selected for purpose of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 of the drawings illustrates a sectional view of a flask and parts containing my invention, and wherein the method of making dental castings also forming my invention may be carried out. Fig. 2 is-a bottom view of the flask shown in Fig. 1 with the investment material shown removed for purposes of illustration. Fig. 3, is a view looking through the top before the investment material is pl'acedin-l the flask. Fig. 4 illustrates an asbestos lining that may be used for forming the mouth of the sprue hole. Fig. 5 illustrates a tube for conducting air either under atmospheric pressure or higher pressure to certain points in the investiment material and relative to parts of the matrix of the mold. Fig. 6 illustrates a top view of a disc formed of material impervious to air and which moreover is a heat resisting material. Fig. 7 is a broken enlarged view showinga part of a tubular frame for withdrawing air from certainpoints within the investment material and which are located in certain positions relative to the matrix of the mold. Fig. 8 illustrates the means for completely surrounding the matrix with a zone of low air pressure condition. Fig.9 illustrates a View of the bottom of" the flask shown in Fig. 8. k i
l,- in Figs. 1 and is a dental flask that 1s supported in a shell 2 by means of the ridges or flanges 3 and 4 located at the: topof the flask and the shell and so-as= to form the space" 5 between the flask: and the shell.
The flask 1 is provided with an inwardly extending'flange 6 on which is located a disc 7 formed of a heat resisting material inrpervious to air and which wil l no't alloy or combine with the metal of whichthecasting is formed. The disc may be formed' of a vitrified porcelain material having a high heat resisting character, that is, one that' will not crack when subjectedlocally to the temperature of the molten metal from which the casting is made, or it may be formed of a sheet metal that has a melting or fusing point well above the" melting point of the metal used to form a casting and which will not alloy nor adhere to the metal of which the disc 7 is formed. Moreover thedisc must be formed of a material that will not permit air to pass through the disc and of a material wherein its outer edge may be seated. air tighten thefla n ge 6. I preferably use" mica for forming the disc; Any suitable means may be used in: order to secure the disc 7 inposition-'while the" flask is being filled with investment material. In the construction shown the) disc' 7 is secured in position by means ofth'e spring ring 8 that frictionally engages the inner surface of the flask 1: to hold :the disc 7 in position on the flange 6;
The disc 7 if desired may be provided with one or more notches 9 and the'flange 6 may be provided with the openings 10'. Before the investment material is inserted in the flask one or more tubular members 121 may be inserted through the openings 10 formed in the flange 6. Preferably the tubular members ll tightly fit the openings 10. They are held in position by the flange 61 They extend to near the upper end; of the flask and particularly to a point located near the upper surface or above the investmentmaterial as finally formed in the flask. The lower endsof the tubular members 11 preferably extend upwards and are located at apoint in proximity to the pointedparts of the matrix 31 and preferably at points within the lines of. projection of the ma trix extending at right angles to. the plane of the bottom of the flask. One or more may extend between extensions, if any, of the matrix. Both ends of each of the tubes are so located in the investment and relative to the upper surface and the matrix as to regulate the blow or flow of the air, and thus regulate the cooling. and consequently stretching or drawing effect. This results from the difference in the air pressure produced in the different parts of the flask, and particularly the investment.
The pattern is supported on a sprue pin 12 that extends through a hole 13 formed in the disc 7. If it is desired to make two or more castings in the same flask at the same time it may be done by inserting the same number of sprues through openings formed in the disc 7 The sprues and the patterns may temporarily be secured in position by the use of suitable material, such as the wax 14:. When the investment material-has been poured the sprue pin is removed in the manner well known in the art, and the mouth 15 of the sprue hole is formed by removing a portion of the investment material or by forcing a cone shaped asbestos disc 16 around the sprue 12 before it is removed. The disc. 16 may be subsequently removed from the investment material thus formed or it may be left in the investment material to assist in localizing the pressure on the molten metal to direct it with pressure through the sprue hole 17.
Before the investment material is poured or inserted into the flask 1 a tubular frame 18 having openings 19 and 20 may be supported on short tubes 21 that extend through openings formed in the flask 1 preferably near the flange 10 and thus communication is established from the exterior of the flask 1 to the openings 19 and 20 formed in the tubular frame 18 and at the same time the frame 18 is held in position. The frame 18 may be formed of a pair of upright parts 33 and a pair of circular parts 3-1, 35 so arranged that the uprights and the transversely extending parts communicate with each other. The frame 18 substantially surrounds the pattern or the cavity and so that when the air pressure within the frame is reduced it produces a zone of low air pressure about the matrix and the molten metal that may be inserted in the matrix.
lVhen the tubular parts, the disc and the pattern, are properly supported, the portion of the flask on the pattern side of the disc is filled with the investment material and allowed to at least partially solidify. The upper portion of the flask, that is, the portion above the disc, is likewise filled with investment material and the mouth about the upper endof the sprue pin is formed and the sprue pin may be withdrawn. To prevent the investmentmaterial from entering the tubular members the openings may be closed by a disappearing material, such as-wax or plugs of other material.
lNhen the investment material has become properly set the flask may be heated so as to' cause the wax contained. in the pattern and used for plugging the openings of the tubular members to be burned out, whereby the opening will be formed and communication will be established between the tubular members and through the porous investment inaterial for the movement of the air. The flask l is then placed in the shell 2 and they are supported on a suction plate 22 in the manner well known in the art. Air is then drawn from the shell 2 while at the same time gold placed within the mouth of the sprue hole may be melted by means of a blow pipe. The suction produced will draw the air from the tubular frame 18 and will form a low pressure zone about the vmatrix of the mold so that as the metal is melted it will pass down through the sprue hole and fill all of the space within the matrix. Since the disc 7 closes off the advent of any air around the sprue hole or to the frame through the investment material located in the upper end of theflask the molten metal, such as gold, will be forced by the atmospheric pressure into the sprue hole and into the matrix. The tubular members 11, how ever, conduct air to points near the extremities of the matrix and preferably between the lower extremities of the matrix and this air will difl'use itself radially towards the low pressure areas or portions within the flask. Inasmuch as the tubular members 11 terminate near the lower extremities of the matrix there will be a blow from the ends of the tubes in all directions but the blow across the extremities will be greater if the ends of the tubular members 11 are properly placed. This operates to chill the extremities and causes them to solidify within the extremities of the matrix while the remainder of the metal is in a molten or in :i highly malleable or ductile condition. The lower ends or extremities of thecast being fixed by the chilling and the molten metal being drawn in by the suction produced about the cast, it will practically overcome the effect of the shrinkage by reason of the difference of pressure produced on the molten gold in the sprue hole and the molten or plastic or easily ductile gold Within the matrix and as it is drawn by the difference of pressure and cooled by the blow the molten metal solidifies and has a size substantially the same as that of the matrix whereby the ordinary shrinkage of the casting is practically obviated.
If it is desired to subject the gold in the sprue hole and the air in the tubular members 11 to a pressure greater than at1nospheric pressure, a pressure plate 23 may be placed on the upper end of the shell 2 and any desired pressure may be produced within the top of the flask.
If it is desired to completely envelop the matrix and the casting with a low pressure zone it may be done by the use of the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9. In this connection, if desired, a second frame 18 position by a locking ring 25 that may be held in position by suitable lugs, such as the bayonet lugs 2.6 that engage the radially extending lugs 29. The central area of the disc may also be used to contribute to the formation of the low pressure zone by forming holes 30 in any desired number in the disc 24. If desired the ring may be strengthened by forming the spider 36 integral therewith.
I claim:
1. The method of making castings, which consists in chilling the extremities of the casting while subjecting other portions of the casting before the metal in the said portions sets to less than atmospheric pressure, and forcing the said metal in said portions by a pressure greater than the first described pressure.
2. In a casting apparatus, a. flask, a mica disc supported on the flask and having an opening through which molten metal may pass.
3. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a mica disc seated on the flask and having an opening through which the metal may pass.
4. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in portions of the investment material surrounding the sprue.
5.v In a casting apparatus,'a flask, a mica disc supported on the flask and having an opening the size of the sprue hole'at which the disc is located through which the metal may pass.
6 Inv a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a: matrix formed in; the investment material, a. disc impervious to air and enclosed in portions of the investment material surroundmg the sprue, and having an opening of the: sizeof the sprue at the point that the disc is located through which the molten metal may pass, and having substantlally anair sealing fit near its periphery witlrthe wall of the flask.
'7. In a casting apparatuscomprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material surrounding the sprue, and having an opening of the size of the sprue at the point that the disc is located, through which the molten metal may pass, and having substantially an air sealing fit near its periphery with the wall of the flask,
and means for reducing the air the bottom of the flask.
8. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, a
pressure at mica disc enclosed in the: investment material and located above the matrix, and;
havingan air sealing flt with the flask, and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass to the matrix, the size of the opening being substantially the same size as the sprue at the point along the sprue at which the disc is located, and means for reducing the air pressure at the bottom of the flask.
9; In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a ma.- trix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior oflthe flask through the said openings, a. shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and with in the tubular passageways formed in the investment material.
10. In a; casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed there in that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investmentmaterial, a disc impervious to air to air covering the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubular passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
12. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate withthe exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air covering the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubu lar passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
13. In a. casting apparatus. comprising av flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica. disc covering the matrix and the tubular passageways.
14. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with. the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc covering the matrix and the tubular p assageways, the investment material having a tubular passageway extending to the lower corners of the matrix from the upper end of the flask, and unclosed by the shell.
15. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc cover ing the matrix and the tubular passageways, the investment material having a tubuflask having investment material and a.
matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
7 17 In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
18. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the invest ment material iaving passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within. the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a disc impervious to air and enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass.
19. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask, having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passagewaysformed therein. that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
20. In a casting apparatus ing a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
21. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the open ing having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located.
22. In a casting apparatus comprising a flask having investment material and a matrix formed in the investment material, the flask having openings and the investment material having passageways formed therein that substantially surround the matrix and communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a. mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wallof the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass, the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located, the lower end of the flask covered by a disc impervious to air.
comprisand" communicate with the exterior of the flask through the said openings, a shell for enclosing the flask, and means for reducing the air pressure within the shell and within the tubular passageways formed in the investment material, a mica disc enclosed in the investment material and fitting the wall of the flask and having an opening through which the molten metal may pass the opening having a size the same as the size of the sprue hole at the point at which the disc is located, the lower end of the flask covered by a disc impervious to air, and havingone or more openings located in the central portion of the disc.
24:. In a casting apparatus, a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a disc impervious to air supported on the flange, the flask having openings located below the flange and a tubular frame secured in proximity to the openings and communicating with the exterior of the flask through the openings.
25. In a casting apparatus, a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a disc impervious to air supported on the flange, the flask having openings located below the flange and a tubular frame secured in proximity to the openings an communicating with the exterior of the flask through the openings, tubes supported by the flange and located within the flask. 1
26. In a casting apparatus, a flask having an inwardly extending flange, a mica disc having an opening the size of the sprue hole and supported on the flange.
27. The method of producing castings, which consists in forming a low air pressure zone in vicinity of the matrix and moving air across the lower extremities of the metal in the matrix.
28. The method of producing castings, which consists in forming a low air pressure zone in proximity to the lower side of the matrix and moving air across the lower extremities of the metal in the matrix while the metal in the mold is subjected to a pressure greater than that of the zone.
29. The process of forming castings in investment material, which consists in moving air across the lower extremities of the metal in the matrix.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification.
ROBERT w. SWEETNAM.
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007772A (en) * 1974-11-06 1977-02-15 Laedtke Donald O Apparatus for vacuum precision casting
US5257658A (en) * 1992-09-21 1993-11-02 Perera Enrique E Handy casting chamber
US5318093A (en) * 1992-04-17 1994-06-07 Macdonald Charles H Method and apparatus for investment casting

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007772A (en) * 1974-11-06 1977-02-15 Laedtke Donald O Apparatus for vacuum precision casting
US5318093A (en) * 1992-04-17 1994-06-07 Macdonald Charles H Method and apparatus for investment casting
US5257658A (en) * 1992-09-21 1993-11-02 Perera Enrique E Handy casting chamber

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