US2103237A - Method for making sanctuary candles - Google Patents

Description

Dec.28, 1937. D. o. c. DEcKl-:RT

l METHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Dec. 18, 1936 al f. ,Mm/W Z/ WWMW W 2% 4 d .s d. .Onu s y?, W i

De- 28, 1937. D. o. c. DECKERT v METHOD FOR MAKING SKANCTUARY CANDLES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed, Dec. 18, 1956 Patented Dec. 28, 1937 Unirse stares METHOD FOR MAKING SANCTUARY CANDLES y Danvers 0. C. Deckert, St. Louis, Mo.

Application December 18, 1936, Serial No, 116,475

1 Claim.

This invention relates to sanctuary candles.

An object of this invention is to provide a long burning sanctuary candle which will have a flame of uniform intensity so constructed and arranged that the entire fuel body will be consumed.

Heretofore sanctuary candles have been cast in containers but they have been arranged so that a well is sometimes formed in the fuel body around the wick during the burning of the candle, and after a Well is so formed upon a sudden rise of temperature the sides of the well collapse causing the melted fuel at the center to rise and extinguish the flame.

Another object of the invention is to provide means whereby a sanctuary candle may successfully use a fuel stock of low melting point.

Another object ofthe invention is to provide a method and apparatus for forming a cone or mound at the top of a fuel 4body of a candle when cast in a transparent casing.

. Other advantages not `mentioned are inherent in the invention, some of which will be obvious from the following detail description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. l is a perspective view of a candle embodying the invention and made in accordance therewith;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view'showing the candle;

Fig. 3 is a view of apparatus used in manufacturing the candle;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the center of a mold member; f f

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the candle at one step of its manufacture;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5-at another step in the manufacture; and

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 illustrate successive steps respectively in molding the candle within a casing having a restricted mout-h.

A candle made in accordance with this invention includes a fuel body I enclosedv within a casing 2. The casing is a wide mouthed container having integrally a bottom and a cylindrical wall. The casing need not be a true cylinder. It may be such as shown in embodiment in Figs. l and 2, or it may be substantially modified by having inclined Walls and a restricted mouth as shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. It will be understoodftherefore, that the word cylindrical, as used herein, does not necessarily mean a true cylinder but refers to a construction having functions and structure like a cylinder.

The casing is preferably of clear glass although obviously a synthetic organic plastic could be used successfully. The fuel body may be ordinary candle wax; any Wax of low melting point obtainable on the market as such being suitable.

vThe candle is provided with a wick :i extenting vertically, and centrally disposed through the fuel body.

In burning the candle a cap l is used; this cap having an annulus 5 which may be substantially of the same diameter as the outer diameter of the casing 2 and whose central opening El forms a flue for the exit of gases of combustion and the heated air within the casing. The annulus 5 carries a series (four in number as actually shown on the drawings) of downwardli1 extending lugs 'I having notches 8, each of which presents a horizontal edge to contact and rest upon the top edge of the walls of the container 2, and a vertical edge which contacts the inner surface of the casing. Thus the cap is held in place and the annulus is spaced above the top of the container, to provide a substantially uniform opening 9 through which currents of fresh air may pass into the candle casing to support combustion.

The fuel body has a cone or mound Ill at its top, which as specifically shown in the drawings comprises a series of cylinders or cones of lessening diameter superimposed upon eachother, theV process in the formation of which will be de-V scribed in detail later in this specification. A simple apparatus or frame for casting` the candle is shown in Fig. 3. A base II serves as a support for containers 2 while `a framework l2 carries clips I3 adapted to engage core rods-or wires I4, sometimes referred to as dummy Wicks. The bottom of the rod I4 is placed in a plate or spacer I5 which may be of wood or, as specifically shown in the drawings, of sheet metal, convex in form and having a hole centrally therethrough and upwardly extending fingers It. It will be understood that after the fuel body is cast the rod I4 is Withdrawn and a true wick, stiffened in any acceptable manner already known in the art, will be inserted through the hole in the wax left by the Withdrawal of the rod or wire. The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 3 is shown as adapted to accommodate three containers, but it will be understood this small number is merely shown as a matter of convenience, and that in actual practice such a device will accommodate many times this number for economy in manufacture. After the containerswith the core rods I4 are in place, as shown in Fig. 3, `molten candle wax is poured into the container to a point approximately as indicated by the numeral I'I on Fig. 5. 'I'he waX is then allowed to cool and in cooling will shrink forming a cavity as shown by the line I8 in Fig. 5. A mold member I9 is then inserted in the top of the casingA 2, as shown in Fig. 6. This mold member comprises a circular body 28 having a central orifice 2| through which the second pouring o f wax maybe made. The inner surface of the body 2B hasaconical cavity 22 which, as specifically. shown, comprises a series of cylindrical or conical sections decreasing in diameter. rihe upper surface of the mold member has a cavity 23 providing a sprue about the orifice 2|. A circumferential 'flange 24 about the body 28 is such that when the body portion sits inside the top of the casing 2 the circumferential ange 24 extends outwardly beyond the edge of the casing and provides means for handling the mold member.

The line I'I is so xed that the bottom edge of the body 281will contact the surface of the wax when the mold member is inserted. The cavity to be filled is bounded on its upper side by the wall of the conical cavity 22.

A second pouring' of molten wax is made through the orifice 2l so that the wax projects upwardly and lls the inner cavity 22 of the mold 1 member as well as the orice 2l and preferably,

to allow for the shrinkage, the top cavity or sprue 23 in the mold member. After the second pouring has been allowed to harden the wax is scraped out of the cavity 23 by an instrument such as a putty knife, and the mold member I9 is lifted from the casing. Because of uncertainties in the manufacture of glass containers the diameter of the body portion 2U must be made slightly smaller Vso than the usual inner diameter of the casings, to provide for ready insertion and removal, and to provide for tolerances .inV glass manufacture.

While but two pourings haveV been illustrated and described, ordinarily depending upon the size and proportions of the casing, an intermediate pouring is required or is desirable before the mold member is inserted. This is illustratedV and described specically in connection with Figs. 7, 8 and 9.

It will be understood that during the rst and second pouring of wax the core rod |4 will be in place, as shown in Fig. 3. The clips I3 are so arranged that after the wax has been hardened subsequent to theV first pouring the core rod may be removed from the clip |31 and the core member YIS will be placed in position by passing the rod through the orifice 2|. Y

After the wax has hardened subsequent to the second pouring the core rod I4 is withdrawn. VA hook 25 is formed in the upper end of the rod I4 to facilitate its manipulation. The wick 3, which is of stiff material is inserted into the candle through the hole made by the .removal of the core rod Ill and the candle thus is completed.'

It has been pointed out that the wax is not vfilled tothe very top of the casing, but to a line I l', as heretofore mentioned and as shown in Fig. 5. It is recommended that this be between threefourths to one inch from the top. In extreme hot Y weather the waxY body will expand and unless this space is left the wax will expand over the top of the casing wall,

The cone or mound I8 at theV top of the Wax body has been described in detail.` The purpose of this cone is to prevent a well forming in the fuel body, leaving above the wick upwardly extending walls, which by suddenly melting or caving may extinguish the name. With the mound or cone I a reduced fuel body is provided when the candle is lighted and until it is uniformly heated. After the burning has progressed to a considerable extent the entire top of the fuel body will become liquid so that the formation of a well and the accidental extinguishing of the llame is prevented. Y

'I'he arrangement of the cap 4 with a central flue and a substantially uniform opening about the top of the casing is such as to provide a iiickerless and sootless flame and one which is uniform throughout the burning. The outside air to support combustion will enter through the space 9 between the annulus 5 and the top of the casing and flow downwardly in the form of a Vcylinder`toward the flame, while the gases of combustion and the heated air will flow upwardly at the center and outwardly through the ue or central orifice 6 in the cap.

Figs. '7, 8 and 9 illustrate an embodiment of the invention in a 'container having a restricted mouth. 'I'hese figures also illustrate an intermediatepouring between the initial pouring and the final one. Y In this case the container 2 has a restricted mouth 30. Molten wax is poured Yinto the container to a line and upon cooling a cavity I8 will be left.

Ycavity indicated by the numeral 3|, Fig. 8. A

mold piece 32 is then inserted in the neck ofthe container until the bottom contacts the top of the body of wax.

VThe mold piece 32 is similar to the mold piece I9 except that it is more elongated in form. It has a central orifice 2|, a bottom cavity 22 and a top cavity or sprue 23.

It has been found that a candle in combination with the cap, as herein described, provides a long burning device with a flame of constant luminosityY which will not be accidentally extinguished under any ordinary conditions. A lickerless and sootless flame is produced with a minimum or practically no fire hazard. The method and mold piece provide efficiently for Ythe manufacture of the device.

Various changes may be. made in the details yof construction, within the scope of the appendedr claim, without departing from the scope of this invention, while parts of the invention may be Y used to advantage without the whole.

harden against the WallsY of the casing, leavingV through shrinkage a central cavity at the top thereof, placing a mold piece within the top of the casing, flowing further molten material into the cavity and againstthe underside of said mold piece, allowing said further material to hardenV Y in contact with the underside ofthe mold piece to form a mound, and removing the mold piece.

DANVERS O. C. DECKERT.

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