US1493375A - Boiler setting - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 6, 1924.

UNITED 'STATES Parleur eFH-CE..

GEORGE NAISMITH, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA l i -IBOILER SETTING.

` Application nled March 16, 1922. .Serial No. 544,165.

tain new and useful Improvements in Boiler Settings, of which'the following is aspecication.` Y

My invention relates to animprovement in ,boiler setting, and more particularlyto the construction ofthe enclosing walls of the furnace, with a view to providing forv preheatingof the air for the fuel. `It has inV .view tov preheat the incoming air, prior to its admission to the furnace chamber for Acombustion with the fuel, as pulverized coal,

byy passing the air alternately through checkerwork` heated by previously burned products of combustiomwith means for effecting alternating reverse'circulation of the air, so as to. utilize the waste heat to the best advantage. c l

The yinvention Yis illustratedl in one preferred form, showing its yapplication to a standard double installation of water tube boiler of thevertical type, but is not restricted to any special installation or construction of the boiler elements themselves."

:In thedrawings,

V Fig.4 1 is a vertical sectional view through a boiler setting showing the circulation of the fuel and waste gases across, through the furnace chamber and heating elementsof a water tube boiler ;4 I

4Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on the `line II-II of Fig. l;

Fig-3 is artransverse vertical section on the lineIII--III of Fig. 2.

'The boiler construction is of typical form utilizing upper steam supply drums 2 connected by banks of tubes 3, with'lower mud drums 4 with an upper steam collecting drum 5 and the various usual connections and other parts not necessarily hereindescribed. It will be understood, also, that the invention is non necessarily dependent on the use of bailles, which may be utilized' or not, as desired, to control or deflect the gases in circulation between the tubes 3, it being understood that the heated air is'to be introduced through openings in one inner wall and, after combustion with the fuel and circulation across through the tubes, to pass outwardly romthe chamber, through corresponding vopenings in the opposite inner wall, in periodical alternating directions.

The combustion chamber a containingthe vboiler installation is enclosed within a surrounding wall lstructure. comprising front and back walls 13`- 14, and companion inner Walls 16-17 respectively, with intervening louter circulation chambers containing'r'lthe checkered refractoryy materiall, ofjwelll known construction, andA inner downwardly extending air Adelivery chambers c. The checker chambers, air chambers, andthe combustion chamber are closed atthe top, f

lwith La covering roof 6, and they communicate by bottom Atransverse, conduits 18 through conduitsor llues 19 between upper andlower floor-or bottom walls 20e-21 respectively.. Such bottom walls form, in :effect, extensions ofinner walls 16-17-and Vouter walls 13--14 to provide for the desired circulation outwardly from` andy inwardly towards `the reversing valve A, located in the lower lmiddle portion of the structure. Al y i Said valve, which is of the usual Siemens construct-ion, is located within asegregated open ended chamber b within and between the inner boiler-supporting walls `22-,22, above the floor wall ,20 andbelowan enclosing upper partition 24. Chamber b communicates with the outside stack by an outlet conduit 25 for thewaste4 gases, and air ,is supplied to the valveA from -the atmosphere by-the end openings 26 leading to the middle upper intake opening 27 of the valve,

as is generally understood. y i

The reversible gate 28 is pivot'ed midway of the Valve casing and by means of suitable` operating connections is adapted to be thrown to alternating positionsito direct incoming air from opening 27 through the end circulating open channel 29 ofthe valve to the lower communicating conduits or channels 19 and 18, the latter leading upwardly to the checker chamber 15 at the receiving side of: the furnace chamber. FueL-.inj the form of pulverized coal, isadmitted through the series of openings 7 in the roof of the furnace, or in any other suitable manner, whereby to pass downwardly into the combustion chamber at.v The incoming hot air first passes from the top of the checker chambers containing the refractorypmaterial 15 downwardly through chamber @and then into the combustion chamber va through llO a, the burnt gases pass inwardly through ports 8, upwardly by chamber c to the corresponding checker chamber 15, downwardly therethrough to channel or conduits l819, y

then upwardly through the other or closed circulating cavity 29 of the valve, and finally down through conduit 25 to the stack. It will be understood, of course, that the supply of powdered fuel through openings 7 alternates with the alternating valve control. Also, that the ports 8 provide for the circulation of the gases as just described, in alternating directions, as the valve is periodically reversed. 1

The operation of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description. Air is circulated in one direction or Vthe other for a period of time, say twenty minutes, sufficient to absorb the heat from the previously heated checlrerwork refractory material at one side of the chamber a, before issuing thereinto. At the same time, the outgoing waste gases of combustion pass by ports 8 and channel c into the checkerwork chamber at the opposite side, thereby heating the checkers for the next operation, on reversal of the valve.

By kproviding the inner walls 16-17 with the numerous ports 8, both vertically and transversely throughout substantially the entire height and width, `the air is broken up and distributed by the checkerwork and such ports, so that it enters the combustion lchamber in substantially equal volume and rate of iiow at all portions of the chamber. The resulting e'ect is that, assuming the proper proportion and quality of fuel is being supplied, a very even and consistently unvarying heat is maintained across the entire area of the furnace chamber. with the resulting advantage of regular and economical heat transmission to the water in circulation through the headers 'or drums and their connecting tubes.

The advantages of the invention will be lreadily understood and appreciated by all those familiar with boiler practice, and it may be applied to different standard types or designs of boilers, by merely adapting the arrangement of the checker chambers and their inner walls and ports as to location, size, number. etc., to suit any particular installation. All such changes may be made by the designing engineer or builder, and are to be understood as within the scope of the following claims.

What I claim is:

l. In boiler construction.y the combination with a centrally arranged water tube boiler, of a surrounding roof and wall structure providing an enclosing combustion and circulation chamber, each opposite end portion of the wall structure providing a main circulation chamber open at the bottom and top and containing refractory checkerwork and having an inner kwall provided with series of vertically and horizontally arranged circula-V tion ports communicating inwardly with the combustion chamber, an intervening partition spaced therefrom terminating below the roof, forming the inner wall of the refractory chamber and providing circulation therefrom and thereto with the inner wall ports, and means providing circulation to and from the open bottom of each outermost refractory chamber.

2. In boiler construction, the combination with a centrally arranged water tubeboiler, of a surrounding roof and wall structure providing an enclosing combustion and circulation chamber, each opposite end portion of the wall structure providing a main circulation chamber open at the bottom and to and containing refractoryT checkerwork an having an inner wall provided with series of vertically and horizontally arranged circulation ports communicating inwardly with the combustion chamber, an intervening partition spaced therefrom terminating belowthe roof, forming the inner wall of the refractory chamber and providing circulation therefrom and thereto with `the inner wall ports, a middle supporting wall structure below the boiler providing an air supply chamber, and a reversible valve and casing therein providing communication between the bottom of each refractory chamber and with the-air supply and exhaust respectively.

3. In boiler constructiomthe combination with a centrally arranged water tube boiler, of a surrounding roof and wall structure providing an enclosing combustion and circulation chamber, each opposite end portion of the wall structure providing a main cir-r culation chamber open at the bottom and top and containing refractory checkerworl; and having an inner wall provided with series of vertically and horizontally arranged circulation ports communicating inwardly with the combustion chamber, an intervening-partition spaced therefrom terminating below the roof, forming the inner wall ofthe refractory chamber and providing'circu'lation therefrom and thereto with the inner wall ports, a middle supporting wall structure below the boiler providing an air supply chamber, a reversible valve therein having a casing opening to the atmosphere and to an exhaust conduit respectively, and independent conduits connecting said casingwith the base of each checlrerwork chamber respectively whereby to effecty alternating circulation therethrough.

4. In boiler construction, the combination with a watertube boiler, of a surroundingv tory chamber spaced from the innermost support for the boiler, and a reversible valve Wall providing a circulation space communitherein communicating with the base of each 10 eating with the upper end of the refractory refractory chamber, With the atmosphere, chamber, series of vertically and laterally and with an exhaust conduit.

arranged ports through the innermost Wall In testimonyy whereof I hereunto alix my establishing circulation between said space signature.

and the combustion chamber at each end, a

middle covered valve chamber serving as a GEORGE NAISMITH.

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