US1487300A - Typewriter - Google Patents

Description

March 18 1924.

1,487,300 T. WALTON TYPEWRITER Filed Se t. 27. 1925 1O Sheets-Sheet 1 TO FOOT PEDHL I Inventor Twalfon Yam March 1-8 1924. 1,487,300

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T. WALTON TYPEWRITER Filed Sept. 27. 1923 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 Patented Mar. 18, 1924.

Mrs!) STATES v THOMAS WALTON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

TYPEWRITER.

Application filed September 27, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS WALTON, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at St. Andrews Vicarage, Short Street, New Cut, Lambeth, London, S. E. 1, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriters and has for its object to provide a simple, compact, cheap and easily manipulatable machine capable of printing or copying music, letterpress, dis lay or advertising matter, or any form 0 copying or printing which can be performed by printing apparatus.

By means of my improved apparatus I am able, for example, to print the frontispiece of a sheet of music in addition to the music itself, advertisements in periodicals and newspapers, display bills, cards and circulars, blocks and other matter for printing by any ordinary photographic or lithographic processes, or a matrix for stereotyping, and all without the necessity for the employment of expensive founts of type or highly skilled and highly paid labour.

The invention consists in a typewriter comprising a removable arcuate tray or magazine carrying types thereon, means for rotating said tray or holder about a centre and mechanically operated means for removing any particular type from the tray and conveying the same to the printing position.

The invention also consists in other details and arrangements hereinafter described or indicated.

The accompanying drawings illustrate two convenient forms of apparatus in accordance with the invention Figures 1 and 1 show one form of machine in side elevation partly in section;

Figure 2 is a plan;

Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a part sectional side elevation and plan on a somewhat larger scale of a part ofthe mechanism shown in Figure 1 Figure 5 is a front elevation partly in section, and

Figure 6 is a side sectional elevation showing a further detail illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a plan of 'a modified form of machine in accordance with the invention with a part broken away and with certain parts omitted for clearness.

Figures 8 and 8 show a side elevation of such modified machine partly in section.

Serial No. 665,189.

Figure 9 is a section of a part of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a plan illustrating a further detail of Figure 9.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary enlarged side elevation of the type of machine illustrated in Fig. 1 showing the variable spacing mechanism in detail, and,

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the line AB of Fig. 11.

In carrying my invention into effect in one convenient manner, as illustrated in Figures 1 to 6, I form my improved machine with any suitable bed-plate, base-plate or other foundation or support 1 and upon this I rotatably mount a tray or magazine 2 preferably, as shown, through the medium of the carriage 2 mounted on the wheels 3 rolling upon the rails 4 or by means of ball hearings or by any other suitable arrangement. The tray or magazine carries upon its upper face all the types or other characters 5 with which the machine is to operate, such types or characters being cast in aluminium or being formed of steel or other suitable material and being either mounted direct in the tray or magazine or indirectly by arranging the same in slippers 6 or other like means carried by the tray. Each type or other character is provided with studs or with a projectinglug or other means by which it may be located in the tray or magazine or in the slipper mounted thereon, and if necessary or desirable locking plates may be furnished for the purpose of locking the types in any particular tray not for the time being in use, suitable means being provided for unlocking such plates either automatically or by hand when the types or characters are required for use.

In the form illustrated the types are adapted to be locked in the trays when the latter are off the machine by means of locking plates 7, which are furnished with slots through which the lugs on the types or type slippers pass, and which are forcedby springs to engage such lugs when the tray is oif the machine so as to prevent the removal of the types. When, however, the trays are positioned on the machine the types are all automatically unlocked by means of the pins 8 secured to the carriage 2 and which move the locking plates against their springs to release-the types so that they scribed I provide a carriage 9 adapted to be mounted on a suitable slide 10 and carrying a platen 11 against which the paper or other material is held for the purpose of printing thereon, the printing being arranged either for printing upon sheets or upon a continuous roll as required.

The material to be printed upon is carried through the machine by means of two sets of feed rollers, namely an upper set 12 and a lower set 13, such rollers being associated with exit and feed platforms 14 and 15 and being provided with adjustable sleeves 16 (Figure 2) which may be set at various widths to suit varying papers. One of the lower rollers is provided with a knurled feed head 17 while one of the upper rollers is furnished with a drum head 18 graduated to give any accurate setting that may be required.

The feed rollers are mounted upon the carriage by two brackets 19 and 20 which also support the platen 11 and on which two smaller brackets 21 are supported for clamping the packing on to the platen. The carriage is adapted to be moved under the influence of the usual clock spring 22 controlled by a variable escapement, hereinafter described, while a fixed scale 23 is supported by two brackets 24 fixed to the dashboard or apron 25. A fixed indicator or pointer 26 is attached to the platen to work in conjunction with the scale 23 and amovable line indicator is housed behind a buffer (not shown) which regulates the printing impression and is secured to the dashboard.

In order that the sphere of usefulness of the machine may be made as wide as possible I prefer to provide in addition to the ordinary spacing mechanism actuated by the depression of the keys a variable spacing mechanism by which the extent of the spacing may be varied as compared with ordinary spacing mechanism and as may be required, for example, in the printing of display work where relatively large type or relatively considerable spacing is, an essen-v tial or desideratum or in the printing of dotted notes in music where reduced or half spacing is required.

The construction and arrangement of the variable spacing shown in the form illustrated may be clearly seen from Figures 1 and 2 in which 28 denotes a pinion adapted to engage with rack 27 on the carriage, which rack and pinion serves as'the drive from the escapement to the carriage.

The pinion 28 is mounted upon the spindie 29 in such a manner that it may be raised or lowered with the carriage as reguired and the spindle 29 also carries a rum 31- in the bracket 30 around which drum the platen chain passes, such chain being also, if desired, connected at its other end with a, ratcheted drum operated by a iasasco hand wheel or the like so that the latter may be employed for taking up the chain on to the second mentioned drum, thus winding up the usual clock spring driving the. escapement wheel (hereafter referred to) so.

that the arrangement not only forms an esa given pitch to allow the platen carriage the required movement under the action of the clock spring when the es'capement wheel is permitted to drive.

For the purpose of obtaining variable adjustment of the escapement wheel to effect variable spacing of the carriage I provide two pawls, one of which, 34, is carried upon one end of a pawl beam 36 mounted in a bracket 37 supported on a cross-bar 38 arranged within the bracket 32 the other end of the pawl beam, 36, carrying a slotted guide plate, 39, through which projects and on which slides a variable pawl 35 maintained in engagement with an arm 40 by a spring 35', the pawl 35 being adapted to be adjusted by means of a slotted crank arm 41 engaging a pin 411 guided by a slotted guide 412 and carried by a bell crank or like lever 413 which is provided with an indicator 43 working in conjunction with a scale 42 and any suitable pawl and ratchet arrangement may be adapted for definitely positioning the indicator 43 in relation to the scale 42.

The ends of the pawl beam may be furnished with suitable supports, 44, and to the pawl beam are attached two chains or like flexible members 46 secured, for example, by

means of a bracket 47 and passing round the pulleys 48 to be connected respectively to the end of a lever 45. each of which is pivoted about a horizontal axis as at 451, and v first set on the scale 42 by movement of the member 413 (on which is carried the indicator 43) and this has the effect through the crank arm 41 of moving the lever 40 and with it the variable pawl 35 relativeto the guide plate 39 to an angular position determined by the extent of spacing required. During this operation the escapement wheel the lever 45 an 33 is held stationary by the pawl 34. \Vhen the machine is required to space, however, one or other of the quadrant members 452 is depressed thereb raising the inner end of so pulling upon the trip chain in a manner which will withdraw the pawl 34 from engagement with the escapement wheel and simultaneously bring the pawl 35 into enga ement so that the escapement wheel an pawl 35 will together move through the angular distance for which the spacing has been set until further movement is revented. by engagement of the pawl 35 with the end of the slot in the plate 39.

On release of the spacing member 452 the pawl 34 again moves into engagement with the escapement wheel and holds the same in the new position to which it has been set while the movable pawl 35 is returned to its initial position in engagement with the ,arm 40 by theaction of the spring 35' ready for the next spacing of the carriage when one or other of the members 452 is again depressed.

The keyboard of the machine is preferably arranged in two parts each comprising any number of keys, 49, and suitable means are provided so that by depressing any particular key the type correspondlng to the key so depressed is brought into the proper position to be picked up by a striker or printing bar hereinafter referred to.

In the example illustrated the keys are banked in the usual manner in order to facilitate operation, and they are arranged to be supported upon two plates, the upper plate, 50, being removable and being adapted to lift the upper parts of the keys in one operation when it is required to change the keyboard while the lower plate, 51, serves as a guide for the spindle parts 52 of the keys, which parts are controlled by springs and always remain a component of the machine even when the keyboard is to be changed.

The keys are actuated in the usual manner by hand pressure and when pushed down against the controlling springs are adapted to penetrate the base plate and so form a stop for the rotary selector bar, 53, attached to the tray carriage 2 and mounted upon the central spigot, 54, the arrangement being such that on depression of any particular key the stop so provided is correctly positioned to prevent further movement of the tray when the type represented by the particular key depressed is brought into position for being picked up by the printing or striking bar.

' The selector bar, 53, for'rotating the car riage until stopped by any particular key depressed is adapted to be rotated by means of a bevel wheel, 55, and two quadrants (not shown) supported by the cross shaft, 56, the quadrants being connected with pedducing the total extent of movement that must be given to the type tray or magazine.

Arranged beneath the selector bar, 53, and mounted upon the same spigot or spindle, 54, is a second bar, 57, which is adapted to actuate the inking roller, 58, so as to cause the latter to roll over the face of the type, a suitable inking slab 59, (Figure 2) being arranged to facilitate the supply of ink to the inking roller 58.

The inking roller, 58, is carried by a vertical member 60 rotatably mounted in the main support 61 so that the roller may be moved out of the way when the type tray is to be removed from the machine, and if desired the connection of the parts may be controlled by a suitable spring in order to maintain a slight contact pressure between the inking roller and the type faces. Moreover, the inking slab 59 is also made readily removable in order to facilitate the changing of the type trays or holders.

The removal of the type bars or slippersis effected by a suitable clutching or gripping device which may be actuated by bell cranks or by pinion and quadrant or by-' other suitable means so that it will not only eifect the gripping of the type but will also cause the rotation of the grippin device which thus constitutes also a stri (er arm by means of which the type may be brought into printing relationship with the paper or other material to be printed upon.

In the example illustrated the striker or printing bar comprises a member 62 having a sliding bayonet action on a shorter member 63 associated therewith so that as the member 62 is inserted into a bore or aperture 64 in the type slipper a clip member 65 carried by the member 63 is adapted to grip the type slipper firmly on the striker bar. The arrangement is actuated-by a foot pedal or other operative member (not shown) connected by a Bowden wire or the like 66 leading to a spring-controlled lever 67 engaging with the inner end of the member 62. The movement of the lever 67 for gripping the type bar or slipper causes the stop pin 68 to enter the slot 69 in the member 70, whereby it results that the whole striker bar with the type carried thereon is rotated into such a position that it strikes the platen and on its return to normal posii may also be made variable so as to provide for different amounts of vertical movement as may be required, for example, with different sized staves and music type.

In the example illustrated I provide at" the front of the base-plate and preferably in line with the centralspigot 54 two brackets 71 and 72 (Figure 6) of which the front bracket 71 supports a vertical spindle 73 to which is attached a bevel wheel 7 4. On the upper end of the spindle 7 3 I mount a lever 75 preferably provided with some usual form of spring grip handle 76 and. having an index pointer 77 (Figure 2) associated with a suitable scale 78. Movement of the handle 76 causes movement of the bevel wheel 7 4 and through the bevel wheel 79 actuates the cam member 80 by means of which the platen carriage 9 is adapted to be raised, the contour of the cam. being shaped to give the required vertical movement for any particular degree of movement of the pointer member 77.

The platen member is preferably carried upon tubes 81 through which pass the tubes 82 connected to the cross member 83 carrying the roller 84 adapted to be engaged by the cam and, if necessary or desirable, the weight or a part of the Weight of the platen carriage may be supported by the springs 85 concealed within the tubes 81..

For the purpose of transposing, the scale 78 may be adjustable in position in a dovetailed or other groove so that its position may be varied with reference to the normal zero position of the pointer 77 The usual type wheel for printing the staves may be provided in a suitable position on the machine and there'may be any desired forms of adjustments and indicators in connection with the spacing mechanisms so that the machine may be readily and properly adjusted for the setting out of any particular Work which it is required to perform.

In the modification of the invention illustrated in Figures 7 to 10, the machine 15 formed as to its general constructional features somewhat in the manner described with reference .to the foregoing modification, and like parts in the figures are denoted by like reference numerals.

The type-holder or magazine in this construction is arranged in the form of a drum 2 preferably rotatable about a horizontal axis and carrying on its periphery a tray 2 or holder or a series of trays or holders on which the types 5 or type-bars are positioned, the same being locked by means of a flanged ring 7 or otherwise when it is desired that they shall not be required for printing.

The type-holder or magazine is adapted to be rotated by hand, foot or other means with a chain or like connection, for example, on a chain wheel 90 mounted on the shaft 91 of the magazine and such shaft also carries a bevel wheel 92 or the like which coacts with a further bevel 93 or bevels with chain wheels and chain 94 or other operative mechanism for the purpose of positioning a stepped cam or a drum 95 (Figures 7 and 8) havin helically arranged projections 95 (Figure or some other similar arrangement so devised as to permit of variations in the amount of rotational movement allowed to the magazine or holder.

Such cam or like member is provided in conjunction with the keyboard of the machine and the spring-controlled pivoted key levers 49* are regulated by a comb 49 or like means so that each may be depressed through the same distance While each of the key levers carries a stop or projection 49",

the stops or projections for the various keys type magazine will be prevented and the particular type corresponding to the articular key depressed will be brought -1nto proper position for being Withdrawn for printing by the printing member 62 which is similarly constructed and operated to the printing member described with reference to Figures 1 to 6.

'In addition to positioning any desired type for printing," the depression of each key causes the machine to space through dis tances required to suit the width of the type corresponding tothe key depressed, and for this purpose I provide the machine with what I may term a spacing cam 96, drum or the like which may also be of stepped or similar formation and which is moved with the platen carriage 9 through suitable intermediate gearing, such as rack 27, spur wheel 28 and bevel wheels 28 and 28", the carriage usual means.

Forth'e purpose of limiting the amount through which the carriage may space to correspond with a particular key depressed each key lever 49 is associated with a tumbler piece 97 which .on depression of the key is moved into the path of the spacing cam 96 so that when a step 96 or the like upon the latter comes into contact with the tumbler piece 97 further movement of the cam and therefore further movement of the carriage is prevented, it being understood that the stepped cam or the like is so formed that the amount of movement thus permitted on depression of any particular key will be correct for such key.

The spacing cam or drum is furnished at one end with a toothed wheel 98 or the like with which a clutch member 99 (Figures 9 and 10) having similar teeth thereon may be adapted to co-operate, the clutch member being keyed to the shaft 100 (on which the spacing cam 96 is loosely mounted) and being normally held by a fixed pawl 101 to prevent its rotation. The arrangement is such that when a particular key 49 is depressed the type is selected for printing and the appropriate tumbler piece 97 is moved into the path of the spacing cam. Thereupon a trip key 102 is operated and this through suitable linkage and forked lever moves the clutch member 99 on its shaft so as to disengage the same from the fixed pawl 101 and bring it into engagement with the toothed wheel 98 upon its spacing cam 96 whereupon the shaft'lOO with the spacing cam thereon is free to be rotated through the bevel 28 and other gearing connecting the shaft 100 to the carriage until further rotation is stopped by the engagement of the spacing cam with the tumbler iece corresponding to the key depressed.- n the particular form illustrated the spacing key lever 102, which is pivoted at 102, operates on depression of the key 102 to raise the connecting rod 103 and cam 104 (Figures 8 and 9) carried thereby and slidable in the bracket 104, the cam 104 contacting with a ball-ended screw 105 or like device on the one end of the lever 106, the other end of which is forked and embraces the collar 107 on the clutch member 99. By such means 'the clutch member is moved into the proper position for engagement with the toothed wheel 98 on the spacing cam 96 whenever the trig ke 102 is depressed.

n t e back of the spacing cam I arrange a light weight or other means by which the cam is returned to its zero position when freed from the clutch on release of the trip key and when the clutch is so moved the shaft 100 on which the same is keyed is revented from further rotation by the xed pawl 101 so that the carriage 9 is thus retained in the position to which it has been spaced.

\I also prefer toprovide a dial 108 (Figure 7) which is connected by suitable gearing 108, 108", 108 and 108 with the platen carriage so that the movement of the carriage will be multiplied on the dial and thus the actual distance moved by the carriage may be readily read thereon.

When the keyboard is divided into two parts, as shown in Figure 7 and as described with reference to the first modification, it will be understood that each part is provided with its own type-selecting cam 95, also with its own spacing. cam 96 and with the parts necessary or appropriate for the operation of each.

The stepped cams or the like 95 and 96 may each be formed from a tube or cylinder or may be built up from stampings or otherwise and obviously the invention is not to be limited to the particular form, arrangement or construction of such cams or variable stopping devices and the various powertransmission mechanisms employed in the machine may be suitably designed and arranged in accordance with any particular practical requirements that may have to be fulfilled.

Having now described .my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A typewriter comprislng a removable arcuate tray or holder having types thereon, means for rotating said tray or holder about a centre and mechanically operated means for removing any required type from the tray and conveying the same to the printing position, substantially as described.

2. A typewriter according to claim 1 comprising mechanically operated means for moving the tray or magazine and a removable key-bank for posltioning said tray or magazine for the removal therefrom of any particular type or character for the urpose of printing, substantlally as descri ed.

3. A typewriter according to claim 1, in which the device for removing the types from the tray or holder also effects the actual printing operation, substantially as described.

4. A typewriter according to claim 3, having key-operated means for definitely positioning the tray or holder for removal of any required type therefrom, substantially as described.

5. A typewriter according to claim 4, having means for locking the types on the tray when the latter is oil the machine and for releasing such types when the tray is mounted on the machine, substantially as described. p

6. A typewriter according to claim 1, having removable or movable means for inking the types while permitting the removal of the trays or holders, substantially as described.

7. A typewriter according to claim 1 comprising a paper carriage and variable escapement mechanism for controlling the movement of said carriage, substantially as described.

'8. A typewriter according to claim 7, in which the variable escapement is actuated by a quadrant bar arranged in proximity to a key-bank for positioning an arcuate type tray or holder, substantially as described.

9. ,A typewriter according to claim 8, having means for moving the paper carriage vertically to any required extent, substantially as described.

10. A typewriter according to claim 9, in which the vertical movement of the carriage is effected by a cam actuated from a member associated with a dial and pointer, substantially as described.

11. A typewriter according to claim 10, in which the dial or scale is movable or adjustable, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

12. A typewriter'according to claim 1, in which the means for conveying a type from the type-holder to the printing position is actuated by a pedal through the medium of a Bowden wire, substantially as described.

13. A typewriter according to claim 1, characterized by the provision of a pedal and a selector bar which is operated by the pedal and moves the tray or holder in order to position any particular type for removal therefrom, substantially as described.

14. A typewriter according to claim 1, having keys for selecting the particular type required for printing and also for determining the spacing of the machine corresponding to the particular type selected, substantially as described.

15. A typewriter according to claim 14, in which the selection of type and the spacing of the machine are determined by means of ste ped cams provided in association with t 'e key levers, substantially as described.

16. A typewriter according to claim 15, in which a trip key is provided for permit ting operation of the spacing cam, substantially as described. 1

17; A typewriter according to claim 2, having removable or movable means for inking the types while permitting the removal of the trays -or holders, substantially as described.

18. A typewriter according to claim 3 having removable or movable means for inking the types while permitting the removal of the trays or holders, substantially as described.

19. A typewriter according to claim 4 having removable or movable means for inking the types while permitting the removal of the trays or holders substantially as described.

20. A typewriter according to claim having removable or movable means for inking the types while permitting the removal of the trays or holders, substantially as described. v

21. A typewriter according to claim 2, comprising a paper carriage and variable escapement mechanism for controlling the movement of said carriage, substantially as described.

22. A typewriter according to claim 3, comprising a paper carriage and variable escapement mechanism for controlling the movement of said carriage, substantially as described.

23. A typewriter according to claim 4. comprising a paper carriage and variable escapement mechanism for controlling the movement of said carriage, substantially as described. 7

24. A typewriter according to claim 5, comprising a paper carriage and variable escapement mechanism for controlling the movement of said carriage, substantially as described.

25. A typewriter according to claim 2, in which the means for conveying a type from the type holder to the printing position is actuated by a pedal through the medium of a Bowden wire or the like, substantially as described.

26. A typewriter 1 according to claim 3,

in which the means for conveying a type from the type holder to the printing position 'is actuated by a pedal through the medium of a Bowden wire or the like, substantially as described.

27. A typewriter according to claim 4, in which the means for conveying a type is actuated by a pedal through the medium of a Bowden wire or the like, substantially as described. 7

28. A typewriter according to claim 5, in which the means for conveying a type from the type holder to the printing position is actuated by a pedal through the medium of a Bowden wire or the like, substantially as described.

. 29. A typewriter according to claim 2 in which a pedal and a selector bar operated thereby are provided, which selector bar moves the tray or holder in order to position any particular type for removal therefrom, substantially as described.

30. A typewriter according to claim 3, in which a pedal and a selector bar operated thereby are provided, which selector bar moves the tray or holder in order to position any particular type for removal therefrom, substantially as described.

31. A typewriter according to claim 4, in which a pedal is also provided for operating from the type holder to the printing position Ill memoo W. Y

e gelector bar which moves the may or holder holder in order m osioion. ony peli'tieuler in order to position any particular type for type for removal t erefrom, substantially remove]. therefrom, substantially as die as deserihed. m scribed. I In teefizimomy whereof I heve signed my 5 32. A. fny wrioer according to claim 5, in name to this epeeifioetionu which o pegs is also provided for operating o selector Year which moves the troy on" THQMAS WALTUN

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