US1480418A - Material for carburizing - Google Patents
Material for carburizing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1480418A US1480418A US546807A US54680722A US1480418A US 1480418 A US1480418 A US 1480418A US 546807 A US546807 A US 546807A US 54680722 A US54680722 A US 54680722A US 1480418 A US1480418 A US 1480418A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carburizing
- paste
- carbonaceous
- hardened
- objects
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
- C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- Another object of the invention is to provide a carburizingmaterial of such a nature as shall permitof its use with a relatively inexpensive filler for the carburizing pots.
- I also desire to provide a novel method of applying a carburizing material to objects to be case hardened, as well as a novel method of case hardening which shall be convenient,- inexpensive and easy to operate.
- mycarburizing material in the form of a paste with which the steel to be hardened may be coated or into which the steel objects may be dipped.
- Said paste consists essentially of carbon dust.
- energizers such as nitrogenous products either with or without any or all of the carbonates of barium, sodium and calcium, with a binder such as molasses, sulphito liquor, or other organic carlmnacc'ous liquid.
- a binder such as molasses, sulphito liquor, or other organic carlmnacc'ous liquid.
- the mixture of the above ingredients in accordance with my inveiition has a, past-y consistency while retaining, certain of its liquid qualities and after the objects to be hardened have had this material applied in the form of a. coating, as above noted, by brushing, dipping or otherwise, they are placed in a carburizing pot upon a bed of carbon dust or pulverized coke.
- the spaces within or surrminding the coated steel objects are now filled with coke or other relatively inexpensive carbonaceous material and a'cover is applied to the pot, which-is liited in the customary manner.
- Thepot with its contents is placed in a carburizing furnace and exposed to a temperature of be tween 1600 and 1750 Fjfor a length of MATERIAL FOR CARBURIZING.
- the filling material used may be absolutely inert or may consist of coke which is used merely as a carbonaceous filler, the process depends solely upon the carburizing action of the paste or coating applied to the articles to be case hardened. Obviously the proportions in which the ingredients of the paste are used may be widely varied to suit. ilitl'crentcmiditions without departing from my invention, although l find that the standard proportions commonly employed in solid carbonaceous carburizing mixtures will give satisfactory results.
- LA carburizing material of pasty consisteiicy consisting of a liquid vehicle, carbon and at least one carbonate.
- a carburizing material in the form of a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liquid vehicle, carbon and an energizing material including at least one carbonate.
- a carburizing inaterial in the form a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liquid vehicle, carbon and an energizing material including a nitrogenous substance and at least one carbonate.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
Description
Patented Jan. 8, 1924.
UNITED STATES Parana orrice.
GEORGE W. PRESSELL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASS IGNOR TO E. F. HOUGHTON & COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.
No Drawing.
ening, which in addition to being of 1ela tively low cost and economical to uSe'ashall -be highly efficient; the invention contemplating a material of such a. nature as will insure the production of uniformly hardened" articles free from soft spots.
Another object of the invention is to provide a carburizingmaterial of such a nature as shall permitof its use with a relatively inexpensive filler for the carburizing pots.
I also desire to provide a novel method of applying a carburizing material to objects to be case hardened, as well as a novel method of case hardening which shall be convenient,- inexpensive and easy to operate.
In carrying out my' invention I prepare mycarburizing material in the form of a paste with which the steel to be hardened may be coated or into which the steel objects may be dipped. Said paste consists essentially of carbon dust. energizers such as nitrogenous products either with or without any or all of the carbonates of barium, sodium and calcium, with a binder such as molasses, sulphito liquor, or other organic carlmnacc'ous liquid. As typical of such nitrogenous products I may use cyanides, cyanimides, etc.
The mixture of the above ingredients in accordance with my inveiition has a, past-y consistency while retaining, certain of its liquid qualities and after the objects to be hardened have had this material applied in the form of a. coating, as above noted, by brushing, dipping or otherwise, they are placed in a carburizing pot upon a bed of carbon dust or pulverized coke. The spaces within or surrminding the coated steel objects are now filled with coke or other relatively inexpensive carbonaceous material and a'cover is applied to the pot, which-is liited in the customary manner. Thepot with its contents is placed in a carburizing furnace and exposed to a temperature of be tween 1600 and 1750 Fjfor a length of MATERIAL FOR CARBURIZING.
Application filed March 25-, 1922. Serial No. 546,807.
time dependent upon the depth of case hardening'desired.
Under these conditions the articles are hardened with the utmost certainty and uniformity inasmuch as the paste coating of :arbon and energizers is in direct contact with the steel and being in a substantially uniform layer thereon, as well as at a sub stantially uniform distance from all parts of the surface, results in a perfectly uniform, satisfactory product.
It is particularly to be noted that both the material described and the process of using it are relatively inexpensive and convenient, for all of such material applied to the steel objects is actually utilized in the hardening process and the space within the pot surrounding said objects is filled with inert material of relatively low value. There is thus none of the uneven or uncertain action which has hitherto characterized case hardening processes involving the repeated use of carburizing material which has been to a greater or less extent exhausted and which has become coi'itaminated with iron scale or tire clay.
Since the filling material used may be absolutely inert or may consist of coke which is used merely as a carbonaceous filler, the process depends solely upon the carburizing action of the paste or coating applied to the articles to be case hardened. Obviously the proportions in which the ingredients of the paste are used may be widely varied to suit. ilitl'crentcmiditions without departing from my invention, although l find that the standard proportions commonly employed in solid carbonaceous carburizing mixtures will give satisfactory results.
If desiredsand without departing from my invention, I-may omit the inert or other packing, merely coating the objects .to be case hardened and heating them to the required temperature in a closed pot.
I claim:
LA carburizing material of pasty consisteiicy consisting of a liquid vehicle, carbon and at least one carbonate.
2. A carburizing material in the form of a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liquid vehicle, carbon and an energizing material including at least one carbonate.
3. A carburizing inaterial in the form a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liquid vehicle, carbon and an energizing material including a nitrogenous substance and at least one carbonate.
6 4;, A carburizing material in the form of a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liqaid vehicle, carbon and an energizing material including at least one carbonate and a nitrogeneous material.
A carburizing material in the form of v a paste consisting of a carbonaceous liquid vehicle, carbon and a pluralitv of metallic carbonates.
GEORGE W. PRESSEBL
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US546807A US1480418A (en) | 1922-03-25 | 1922-03-25 | Material for carburizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US546807A US1480418A (en) | 1922-03-25 | 1922-03-25 | Material for carburizing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1480418A true US1480418A (en) | 1924-01-08 |
Family
ID=24182094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US546807A Expired - Lifetime US1480418A (en) | 1922-03-25 | 1922-03-25 | Material for carburizing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1480418A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9988854B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2018-06-05 | Varel International Ind., L.P. | Roller cone drill bit with improved erosion resistance |
-
1922
- 1922-03-25 US US546807A patent/US1480418A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9988854B2 (en) | 2016-05-11 | 2018-06-05 | Varel International Ind., L.P. | Roller cone drill bit with improved erosion resistance |
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