US1468555A

US1468555A - Propelling blades for reversible steam turbines

Info

Publication number: US1468555A
Application number: US491880A
Authority: US
Inventors: Bonom Alfred
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-08-12
Filing date: 1921-08-12
Publication date: 1923-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 1940-09-18

Description

sqii lis, 1923.

'www A. BoNoM lPROFELJ-.Jllr BLADES 'FOR REVERSIBLE STEAM TURBINES Filed Aug. "12. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 18,1923, 1I,468,555

, 4- ABONOM PROPELLING BLADES FOR REVERSIBLE STEAM TURBINES Filed Aug. 12, 1921. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 raaaaa sept. is, reas.

irasata leraar ALFRED Bonora, or Y:sarna-seri, NEW aansny.

PnorEiLLING Brenes ron nnvniasrnnn ernaar runsinis.

application and `.august 12, iaai'. sei-iai No. aeisoa -Toallfwhomtwang/Concern! H -Be it known that I', ALFREDV BONOM, a citizen vof the Republic `,of France, residing iat Paterson74 New'JerselUnited VStates of America, have-invented.V certain new and useful'lmprovem'ents in propelling; Blades 'for Reversible l,Steam Turbines' (ro-rr which I have filed application'in France June 22,

1920, Patent No.5l7',639) and l dohereby The present invention relates lto highV speed fluid turbines orsimilar rotary enf* gines in which innerand outer rotors are provided involving two stages, one for 'high pressure and the other for low pressure, and each rotor consisting of disk members, one of which pertains to the high pressure stage Y and the'other pertains to the low pressure stage, each disk'being opposed by a similar disk vmember ofthe other. roto-r and propelling blades being arranged between the disk members in each stage construction, as set forth in my forin'er PatentlNoyllSS dated August l2th 1919.` Y

ln the former patent referred to, l have disclosed a means for securing the propelling blades to the disk members of eachrotor and these fastening means being shown asv set screws 'or other separable fastening meinbers,'but'l have found that in building these turbines and using such fasteningelements for fastening the-propelling blades to the disk members, that .it greatly increases the cost of manufacturing the turbines Y and therefore the purpose ofthe presentwinven-` tion is to Vprovide a supporting and securing means for these propelling` blades or structures which may beV readily retained in place upon the disk members without the aid of` additional fastening elements. Y A.y further object of the .present invention is to 'provide oppositelygmovable sets of blades as herein set forth, consisting of a cir` cularseries of blade elements with flexible. supporting" means thereforcarriedjby one of the disks, the adjacent sets of blades Vof one rotor `alternating with corresponding sets of blades carried :by the opposite rotor,V and with peculiar labyrinth packings between each -setV of blades'and the 4inner carried the opposite disk.

W'th the V above and fot-lier obj ects in view,

the-"invention consists-in thel arrangement or outer set `and combinationfof: parts hereinafter `del scribedand claimed and illustrated in the aC- Companving drawings in "which z Figure l s a vertical horizontal-section of one ofthe rotors, showing a portion of a construction suitable for high orlow Apressure, as well as the manner in which theV propelling blades areanchored within the disk;

line 2-2 of Figure l; and,

' .Figure is 3' a sectional view similar to Fig! Ythe drawings the numerals l and 2 indicate portions of the low pressure disks. The flow of steam is directed between these disk members in a radial'direction, while the expan-` sive force thereof is exercised against the two sets of

blades

3 and 4 circumferentially causing the rollers to which' these blades are connected to rotate in opposite directions, either actually or relatively. The numeral 5 indicates a type of flexible ring connection to which one end of the blades is connected. Each of these'rings 5 has the anchorage portion Ganda relatively slenderneck portion 7 therebetween i-rt the other side of the steam space and parallel to the ring 5 is a companion floating ring` 8.

Blades

3 and 4 are connected up in circumferential series and are fitted between the

rings

5 and 8 or formed integralA therewith. The anchorage members are provided and secured to each face of the disks l and 2 but are alternately extending therefromtwo or more fingers orV fins 10V andthe rings 8 are provided with similar laterullyfextending ns or flanges ll.

which areadapted to cooperate Vand travel between'the fins l0. 4 `These laterally projectingconcentric fins l0 and l1 constitute aV packing labyrinth between anchorage mem` bersffixed to the disks l land 2 andthe loating rings 8,'servii1g to prevent the escape of4 steam in such a direction as would interfere with the efficiency of the machine.`

Figure`2 is a detail section taken on the no l Extendingfangularly from theinner faces i of each disk 1:-and 2 are the

annular flanges

12 and 13. One of the anchorage members- 6 has a' beveled face or Wall 14 Whichf'is adapted to lie closely' adjacent to the-beveled Yface of AVthel member 12. Alsoone ofthe anchorage members 6 Which'lies adjacent 'to thefiange 13 has av beveled wall which also coincides withl the beveled Wall 15 of the-hanger 13. In this mannerEit-is-obvious that in ascending tneV rotor,tlie anchorage. Y members may' be placed upon the. respective faces of thedisls 1 and f2 andW-hen assembled will be locked between the

flanges

12 and 13, so that Whenpthese disk members are rotated, the anchorage 'members and the parts carried thereby` will rotate therewithi` These anchorage members 6 may be Welded or in any manner suitably brazed` tothe i ries 13 may bebentzin, the various positions asV shown in Figure 13 accord1ng toytheinclina inner faces ofthe disks land 2, so thatfthey Will be securely-fastened inplace and in this manneieliminate the. use of'otlier fastening members suchas screws orboltsfor connecting `the `anchorage members and parts carried thereby to? the disk members 1 and 2.V The flexible neck member-sf? which Yform a connection bet-Ween the rings.l 5 and 'the anchorage members 6 not only establish a permanent connection butatlnn yielding connection of such a construction as totake carefor the expansion of'said parts diie tol the. heating thereof bythe 'pressiire' medium` as Vwell as a construction in .the subsequent pull of the rotors, and `also insuringthe accurate centeringof the several annular sev fore'filling the last block, a lo-ck key13V as shown in Figure 3 is slipped in position between one block and thefwall ofthe groove in which the block is seatedgso as to--lock these blocks in position and prevent them from moving. Finally the last and iaare then fbent onto thecorresponding inclined. portion ofthe blocks,` so as to rest upon the inclinedV L Wallsl thereof, Y thereby further V locking the blocks: or-A anchorage rings into position and preventing. lateralV movementof thesame. VThese.flanges 124 and tion` ofthefadj acent surface of theranchorage n member.I and-serve `not onlj7 to preventvtlie lateral moizement of'the anchorage rings,V

i VAbut alsothe radial movementvof these rings,

andv-intliis'mannerisecurely look the same inpositioriy-Y i..

of` blades automatically due to their block haring 'been'. placed in position, forming substantially'a 'con-V tinuous anchorage ring 16, the flanges-1 2 ring i The spaces() formed betineen the blocks and Vthe disks f constitu'te Hair; chambers adapted for interrupting, by their, interpo sition between saidmembers'the communica-1V 'tion ofheat an'cl-:tliiis serve the purpose of effec-tire4 insulating'means.. f 4 Y Having` thus fully"described the inven- .tion,V .Wlia-t}l Vclaim asfnew and desire to secure by Letters latent is:

1.ln a steam tuoinexthe combinflationV of a@ pairof; diskspertaining to independent rotors,-V saiddisks .eac'liha-Lving a. pair of lateral flanges: formed therewith and ga-plu Yrali-ty of concentrically' ,disposedlbladesgrat# tachedto said disks and arranged between saidfianges.v

2. Inga steamturbine theicombination of apair-of diskspertaining toindependent ro# tors, said disks each. lia-iiin'ga pair-of lateral Y,flanges formed therewith', a pluralityofconcentrically disposed"blades attachedvto said disks and` arranged between said flanges and air chambers'adaptedtointerrupt the coinmunication of heat between the relatively` movableL parts and effectively-f located,- betweensaid parts. .1 'Y

3.. In a steam Vtui-.bine `the combination. of

a. pair, ofqoppositely coaxial:i diskspertainf ing to independentlrotors, aypairA offlanges i' i diametrieally disposed,` upon one face of eaehof saiddisks, pluralityfo-f anchorage members arranged' upon each disk-and re` tained betwefensa'idfflangesandasuccession A of concentrically disposed .bladesl attached to said ,anchorage members; Y Y

4l. ln a high speedgsteamz` turbine, the com-1 bination of a pair of oppositely arrangedV axial: Vdisks pertain-ing toi independent rotors, Lva plurality` of vanchorage members bi'azed to one face of eachrrof said disks,a

ringformed with each anchorage member,

a cooperating floating rin-gr,` andfbladesarranged `betweenand for the purpose specified.

ln-a lli-gh` speed steam turbine, the combination of a pairof oppositely ar-p ranged-coaxial disks pertaining; to independent rotors, anchorage members secured f to Yeach disk; a ring formedwithleachanchorage member, a fioatingring Vcooperating with each@ of. the firstf mentioned rings,l blades Varranged betwe'enj sa-id, rings, and? each Heating ring-cooperating. withfthe an choragefmembersecured tothe opposite disk' substantiallgT aseand fied. f i

forgthe purposefspeciaid rings Substantially as f (3. In high.. speed. steam-f-turbine, the coin-binationjof af pair, ofitoppeelt-elyV ar.

ranged coaxial disks pertaining to ndej pendent'v rotors; anchorage -memberssecured to oneiface offeachdisk, apfiezrible" neck por i tion formed. with each: anchoragea'member,

a ring formed withreachlljflenible',neck portion, a. floating vring cooperating wthffeach a; plurality 0f? ,bladesennectinsf nach jsetrof rings, and a labyrinth packing bepose specified.

tween each floating ring and said anchorage memberssubstantially as Vand Vfor `the pur- ,inra steam a pair of disks pertaining to independent rotors, anchorage members securedrto each' disk, al ring, a flexibleconnection between sa'f; ring andsaid anchorage members, a

floating ring and a labyrinth packing between said floating ring Vand said anchorage member. v Y, Y Y S. ln a steam turbine the combination of a pairY of disks pertaining to indepen-dent` rotors, anchorage memberssecured to each Yofsaid disks, each of said anchorage members having a flexiblemember and aflange formedtherewith,.a ring connected to said flexible member, floating ring, a labyrinth packing betweensaid floating ring and said flange formedV with said anchorage memers, and aV plurality of propelling blades arranged between said rings. V' Y V9. ln a steam turbine the combination of a pair of disks Apertainingto independent rotors, anchorage members secured Vto each of' said Vdisks,each of said anchorage members Yhaving a flexible member and a flange formed therewith, a ring connected to said flexible member, a floating ring,"a labyrinth packing between said floating ringrand said fiange formed with said anchorage members, a plurality of propelling` blades arranged between said rings,lsaid anchorage meA ls being spaced Vfrom the disks Vto L form air chambers adapted to act as insulators and interrupt the communication of heat between all relatively movable parts.

l0. ln steam turbine the combination of a pair ofdisks pertaining to independent rotors, a plurality of anchorage members secured to one face of each of said disks, flangesformec with each disk, said anchorag membersbeing arranged between said flanges; each anchorage member having a laterally extending flexible member formed therewith, a ring formed with the lonter end of said flexible member', a flange formed with each anchorage member, hns extending from each flange, a. floating ring, fins extending from one face of said floatingring and adapted to cooperate with the fins carried by said flange, and a plurality of propelling blades connected to said rings substantially vasand for the purpose specified.

l1. ln a high speed fluid turbine, the combination with two coaxial disks representing independent rotors, a succession of radially spaced blades, the blades of one disk being Y turbine the combination or"Y .rings of the arrangec i; alternation with those of the oppositedisks,means for connecting said blades to saidV `isks', the connecting means of each series of blades comprising a pair of coaxial same diameter, one of the rings being floating,an anchorage ring permanent connected to the other of the coaxial rings,

Ysaid anchorage ring comprising a plurality or sections, means for locking said sections to said disks, anda labyrinth packing arranged between said floating ring and said anchorage rings, substantially as and for the puroose specified.

l2. In ahigh speed fluid turbine, the com- Vbination with two coaxial disks representing independent rotors, a succession of ra dially spaced blades, the blades vof the one disk being arranged inV alternation with those of the opposite disks, means for connecting said blades to said disks, the connecting means of each series of blades comprising a pair of coaxial rings of the same diameter, one of' the rings being floating, the inner faces of said disks having concentric. grooves therein for the reception of said anchorage members, one of said pair of coaxial rings being flexibly connected tosaid anchorage members, a packing arranged between said fioatingg` ring of each pair of coaxial rings and said anchorage members substantially as and forfthe purpose specified.l

13. In a iigh speed fiuid turbine, the combination of two coaxial spaced disks representing independent rotors, a succession of radial-ly spaced blades, the blades of one disk being arranged in alternation with those of the opposite disk, connecting' means of each series of blades comprising a pair of coaxial rings 0f the same diameter, one 'of said rings being floating, the inner faces of each of said disks having a plurality of concentric grooves formed therein, base rings arranged within each of saidV groovesn each of said base rings comprising a plurality of blocks, a locking key for retaining said blocks against rotation within said grooves, flanges formed with Vsaid disks, said flanges adapted to be bent upon one wall of said anchorage rings to prevent lateral movement of the latter, one of' each pair of coaxial rings being flexibly connected to each anchorage ring,V and the floating ring of Veach coaxial pair of rings being vconnected In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand. Y

ALFRED BGNOM.