US1465123A - Photographic enlarging apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 14,1923.

1,465,123 P. FRANKOIS vPHO'I'OGRAPHIC ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed June 15. 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet, 1

Aug.14,1923. l 1,465,123

P.FRANKO|S Y PHOTOGRAPHI C ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed June 15. 192? 4` Sheets-Sheet 2 noauto/c @Romania Aug. 14, 1923.

P. FRANKOIS PHOTOGRAPHIC ENLARGING APPARATUS 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June l5.

.ag a? f 54% 72% T Gum/nego Aug. 14, 1923., y 1,465,123

P. FRANKOS PHOTOGRAPHI C ENLARGI NG APPARATUS l l a@ Vw quickly and easily adjusted to produce the .Patented Aug. 14, 1923.

UNITED STATES PAUL ERAN'IKOIS,l 0F NANTICOKE, IENNSYLVANIA.

PHOTOGRAPHIC ENLARGING APPARATUS.-

Applicat'ion led June 15,1922. Serial No. 568,535.

To aZZ 'whom z't may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL FRANKoIs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Nanticoke, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic Enlarging Apparatus; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilled in the 'art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

e present inventionl relates to an improved photographic enlar ing apparatus by which enlarged photo rapic prints may be made from photograp ic negatives.

The apparatus has many improved features of construction,` 4but its principal improved feature is a mechanism by which the lens is automaticall focused as the device is adjusted to prodiice an enlargement of the desired size. With the apparatus enlarged prints of various sizes may be ma'de from negatives of various sizes, but in adjusting the apparatus to produce an enlargement of a desired size, the lens is automatically focused by an improved simply constructed mechanism.

The apparatus is constructed se that very little floor space in a dark room would be occupied in setting it up, and so that when not in use, it can be partly folded and partly moved to an out-of-the-way position. This construction forms another important fea-l ture of the invention.

The part of the apparatus which carries the light, negative and lens and which is adjustable toward and away from the holder for the sensitized paper on which the enlargement is made, has a vertical' sliding.

adjustment so that in using the apparatus, very little if any, cen-tering ofthe image upon the sensitized paper would be necessary. Furthermore, the apparatus is so evenly balanced that the parts thereof carrying the light, negative andlens may be desired size enlargements. The even balancing of the part of the apparatus which Jcarries the light, negative Aand lens is such that when this part is adjusted to the desired position, it will maintain 'such position.

The apparatus is provided: with means by which a tinted border may be produced around the enlarged picture at the same time lthe sensitized paper is exposed by the enlarged image thrown thereon'. This improved means is such that tinted borders of varying degrees of sharpness and of varying shades or densities may be produced. t'.

The apparatus is of comparatively simple construction, is easy -to operate and is thoroughly efficient and reliable in operation. i lIts novelty consists in the various features of construction, and the combination 05 and arrangement -of parts which are hereinafter described and4 claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification. 4

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of av portion of an apparatus embodying the principles of the present invention.-

Fig. '2 is a front elevation of the supporting standard, illustrating the slide to which the bracket members for the light, negative and the lens is fixed, partly in elevation and partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of ay portion of the apparatus taken substantially iii the plane indicated bythe line 3-3 of 4i 1. igs. 4 and 5 are vertical Sectional views of portions of the ap aratus taken substantially on the planes indicated by l'the lines 85 L1 4. and 5 5 respectively of Fig. 1.

' Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the frame which holds ythe mask for producing a tinted border upon an enlargement and for holding;` the negative to be enlarged.

ig. 7 is a top view of the frame shown Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively lon itudinal and transverse sectional views of t e frame shown in Figs. 6 and 7.

Figs. 10 and 11 are top views of a frame carrying refiectors whichv are used in varying the density or shade of the tinted border produced upon the enlargement, showing the reflectors in different adjustments; and

Fig.' 12 is a longitudinal sectional view ofthe frame illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11.

-In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the numeral 1 designates an uprightsupporting standard uponwhich the various parts of the apparatus are mounted. The standard 1 is intended to be placed in a dark room with its back against a wall and is intended to be anchored to the wall -by any suitable means. It preferably rises constructed in numerous ways, but it is prefj erably hollow, of box-like construction, and has its upper end open.

At the front of the standard 1 are secured a pair of opposed upright parallel rails 2 and 3. These rails 2 and 3 form the guides for a vertically movable slide'4, to which is fixed a forwardly projecting bracket frame 5. At the upper end of the standard 1, there is revolubly mounted a pulley 6 over which passes a cable 7 secured at one end to the bracket frame 5 and having a counterweight 8 suspended from its other end and disposed for vertical movement in the hollow portion of the standard 1. Pivoted to the frame 5 is a handle 8 by which said frame may be raised and lowered.

The numeral 9 represents a table for supporting the sensitized paper on which the enlargement is made. By preference, this table 9 is hinged at its rear end to the standard 1 at a point a short distance above the floor of the dark room and is provided with a foldable leg 10 for supporting its front end. By this construction, when the apparatus is not in use, the table 9 may be swung upwardly upon its hinge alongside the standard 1 and the leg 10 may then be swung downwardly so that the entire table ma be out of the way when not in use.

becured to the front of the bracket frame 5 in any suitable manner is the box 11 of an enlarging camera. The upper portion of the box 11 supports an illuminating device consisting of an electric light bulb 12 and a reflector 13. To the lower end of the box 11 is secured one end of the bellows 14 of the camera. The other end of the bellows 14 is fastened to the front of the camera which carries the lens 16.

The front 15 of the camera is slidably connected to a slide 17, which in turn is slidably mounted between a pair of guide rails 18 and 19 which are fixed to the front of the supporting bracket frame 5. The front 15 of the came-ra may be adjusted along the slide 17 by means of an adjusting screw 20.V

Secured to the bracket frame 5 in any suitable manner is a supporting plate 21 upon which is revolubly mounted a worm gear 22. The worm gear 22 meshes with a worm 23 fixed upon one end of a shaft 24, the other end of which carries the pinion 25.

vThe shaft 24 is mounted in a bearing 26 carried by the plate 21 and a bearing 27 carried by the slide 4. Meshing withl the pinion 25 is a pinion 28 mounted upon a stub shaft 29 carried by the 4slide 4. The pinion 28 meshes with a rack 30 which is secured tov the hereinbefore described rail 3.

Mounted upon the shaft upon which the worm wheel 22 is mounted and coupled to the worm wheel 22 in such a manner as to turn therewith is a cam 31. The cam 31 is by preference of the crescent-shape tlype and engages an arm 32 which extends aterally from one side of a lever 33, one end of which is nivoted at 34 to the plate 21 and the other end of which is ad'ustably secured to one end of a link 35. T e other end of the link 35 is pivotally connected to a lug 36 which is carried bv the slide 17.

The cam 31 is mounted upon the shaft of the worm wheel 22 in such a manner that it can be removed therefrom and replaced by a similar cam of a size for use in connection with a lens having a different focal length than the lens 16.

Mounted in any suitable manner in the box 11 of the cameraJ is a piece of ground glass 37, the purpose of which is to dil'use the light emanated by the electric bulb 12 before it reaches the photographic negative.

The negative holder comprises an outer frame 38 which is mounted in the box 11 of the camera in such a manner that it can be removed therefrom. The outer frame 38 carries an inner frame 39, which in turn carries a plate 40 of transparent glass. The glass plate 40 is mounted in the inner frame 39 in such a manner that it can be removed therefrom. The negative from which an enlarged photographic print is to be obtained is to be placed in contact with the glass plate 40 and held in place by means of spring clips 41. In Figs. 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings, a negative N is shown in place upon the plate 40.

In Figs. 6, 8 and 9 of the drawings, the numeral 42 represents a frame which carries a glass plate 43. This frame 42 is mounted upon the lower side of the frame 39 for adjustment toward and away from the same. The means by which the frame 42 is mounted upon the lower side of the frame 39 consists of a pair of sprin 44 which are secured at their'intermedlate portions to the frame 39 and which have their ends hooked around pins 45 carried by the frame 42. In this manner, the frame 42 may yield away from the frame 39.

Pivotally mounted between` its ends upon the lower side of the frame 39 is a lever 46. The ends of this lever are. secured to bars 47 which are slidably mounted upon the lower side ofy the frame 39 and which carry inclined or wedge-shaped shoulders 48. The shoulders 48 engage pins 49 carried by the frame 42 in such a manner that when the bars 47 are shifted longitudinally, the frame 42'Will be moved toward or away from the frame 3'9. In order to rock the lever upon its pivot, the frame 38 carriesl an adjusting screw 50. This screw 50 is threaded through a lug 51 carried by the lever 46 so that when the screw is turned, it will pull ox' push the lever 46.

The frame 42 is intended to carry a mask llO by which a tinted border upon-the enlargement is produced. In Figs. 6, 8 and 9 of the drawings, such a mask is shown and indicated b the letter M. The mask M when used is placed in contact with the lower side of the glass plate 43 and held inthis position by means of spring clips 52, secured at one of their ends to the frame 42. The mask of' coursehas a cutout portion designed to be placed over the portion of the negative desired to be enlarged. vThe lower side of this cutout portion ofthe mask is provided with a white\border B while lthe remaining porti n is preferably .black or of 'a very dark co or. l

Mounted in the box 11 of the camera beneath the frame 38 which carries the negative holding ,frame and the mask holdingr frame is a frame 53 upon which four reflecting blades 54, 55, 56 and 57 are mounted. The frame 53 is preferably removable from the box 11 and is preferably of rectan gular shape. The blades 54 and 55 are longer than the blades 56 and 57 and are mounted at their outer edges upon shafts 58 and 59 which extend longitudinally along the side edges of the frame 53. One of the ends of the shafts 58 and 59 are provided .with crank arms 60 and 61 respectively. The blades 56 and 57 are mounted upon transversely extending shafts 62 and 63, but the inner ends of-these blades 56 and 57 rest upon the blades 54 and 55 so that the blades 56 and 57 will be moved or adjusted by the blades 54 and 55.

Mounted upon one end of the frame 53 is a turnable knob` 64. The stem of this knob 64 extends into the interior part of the frame and carries an arm 65. The arm 65 is' secured at its intermediate lportion to the stem of the knob 64 and its ends are connected by links 66 and 67 to the swinging ends of the crank arms 60 and 61 respectively. With this construction, whenever the knob 64 is turned, the arm 65 will be turned and the links 66 and 67 will be pulled or pushed so as to swing the crank arms 60 and 61 and the blades 54 and 55 and also the blades 56 and 57. Thus, the opening 68 defined by the inner edgA of the blades 54, 55, 56 and 57 may be varied in size.

In using as N should be placed'upon the glass plate 40 and held in position thereon by means of the spring clips 41. The circuit to the electric light bulb 12 should then be turned on so as to light the bulb and the bracket frame 5 should be raised or lowered by hand until the image projected through the negative and the lens 16 of the camera upon the table 9 is of the size desired for the enlargement to be made. The counterweight 8 is of proper weight to exactly balance thev parts of the apparatus which are carried by the frame 5 so that when the latter has been moved the apparatus, a negative such to the desired position, it will stay in such position without any special locking means.

As the bracket frame 5 is raised orlowered to project an image of the desired size upon the table 9, the lens 16 of the camera will be automatically focused. This automatic focusing of the lens is brought about in the following manner:

In' the first lace, when the slide 4 is raised or lowe and in turning, it will turn the pinion 25, the shaft 24 and the worm- 23. The turning movement of the worm 23 will impart a slow turning movement to the worm wheel 22 and a similar movement. will be imparted to the cam 31. The cam 31 engaging the arm 32 carried by the lever 33 will swing the lever, and the latter being coupled to the slide 17 by means of the link`35 and the lug 36 will cause the slide 17 to be moved vertically upon the rails 18 and 19. Since the front 15 of the camera carrying the lens 16 is fastened to the slide 17, whenever the slide 17 is moved a corres nding movement will be imparted to the ens 16.

he pinions 25, 28, the Worm 23', the worm wheel 22, the cam 31 and the lever 33 are of mathematically computedl sizes so that exactly the proper amount of movement will be imparted to the lens 16 to automatically maintain it focused as the camera is raised or lowered.

Of course, after the negative has been placed in the negative holder and the camera has been adjusted so that an enlargement of the proper size will be made, a sheet of sensitized paper should be placed upon the table 9 and the light 12 on so as to expose the sensitized paper for the proper length of time.

If it is desired to produce a tinted border upon the enlargement, then before the sensitized paper is exposed, a mask M should be placed in contact with the glass plate 43 carried by the frame 42 and held in contact with the glass plate by means of the spring clips 52. By turning the screw 50, the frame 42 may be adjusted toward and away from the frame 39, and by this means the degree of softness of the tintedborder produced on the enlargement can be varied..

^The density or shade of the tinted border produced upon the enlargement can also be varied. This, however, is done by turning the knob 64 so as to adjust the reflectors 54, 55, 56 and 57. These relectprs reflect the diffused light which passes around the edges of the negative back onto the border B of themask M, and when the border B is yilluminated in this manner, an image of it will be projected upon the sensitized paper to produce the tinted border thereon. It is therefore obvious that the intensity of the light forming the .image of the border can the pinion 28 which mesh- Ies with the stationary rack 30 will be turned should be turnedH be varied by varying the position of the reflectors.

Although the apparatus is provided with an' automatic focusing mechanism for the lens, yet if desired, the lens can be focused by hand by operatin the adjusting screw 20. This screw 20 is, iowever. 'primarily intended to adjust the lens 16 after the link 35 has been coupled 'to the lever 33. An adjustment of this nature may also be obtained by adjusting the upper end of the link 35 upon the swinging end of the lever 33. When the adjusting screw 2() is once adjusted, it is not necessary to alter its adjustment unless it should be desired to focus the lens by hand. l

Where it is desired to use the apparatus for lenses of diierent ocal lengths, a special cam'31 should be provided for each lens. The cam 31 is therefore removable andcan be replaced b Ya similar cam suited for whatever lens 1s substituted forI the lens 16.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the construction, use andoperation of the apparatus will be understood without further description.

It is apparent that numerous changes in form, proportion and in the various details of construction may be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention, and hence it is to be understood that changes of this nature may be made within the meaning and scope of the appended claims.

1 claim:

1. A photographic enlarging (apparatus comprising a supporting member, a sensitized paper holder, an illuminating device, negative holder and lens mounted for sliding adjustment upon said supporting member, said lens being movable toward and away from said negative holder, a swinging lever coupled to the mountin for the lens in such a manner as to move t e lens toward and away from the negative holder, a cam for swinging said lever to cause it to move the lens toward and away rom"the negative holder, and gearing interposed between said supporting member' and said cam for imarting movement -to said cam as saidilluminating device, negative holder and lens as aunit are moved upon said support-l ing member. Y I

2. A photographic enlarging apparatus comprising an upright standard, a bracket frame slidably .mounted for vertical movement upon said standard, a unit consisting ,of an illuminating device, negative holder and lens carried by said bracket frame, said lens being movable toward and away from said negative holder, a lever pivoted upon said bracket frame and operatively connected to the' mounting for said lens 1n such a manner as to move said lens toward and away from said negative holder, a cam rotatably mounted upon said bracket frame and engaging said lever so as to move it and cause said lens to be moved toward and away from said negative holder, and gearing interposed between said standard and said cam for driving the latter as said bracket frame is adjusted vertically upon said standard.

3. A photographic enlarging apparatus comprising an upright supporting standard, a bracket frame slidably mounted for vertical adjustment upon said standard, an illuminating device, negative holder and lens constructed as a unit and carried by said frame, said lens being movable toward and away from said negative holder, a lever pivotally mounted upon said frame and operatively connected with the mounting for said lens in such a manner as to move the lens toward and away from said negative holder, a cam rotatably mounted upon said frame and engaging said lever in such a manner as to swing it and cause said lens to be moved toward and away from said negative holder, a rack fixed upon said standard, a pinion carried by said frame and meshing with said rack in such a manner that it will be rotated as said frame is ladjusted vertically upon said standard, and

gearing interposed between said pinion and said cam for imparting movement from said pinion to said cam.

4. A photographic enlarging apparatus comprising an upright supporting standard, a bracket frame slidably mounted for vertical adjustment upon said'standard, an illuminating device, a negative holder and a lens constructed as a unit and carried by said frame, said lens being movable toward and away from said negative holder, a lever pivoted upon said frame, an adjustable connection between said lever and the mounting for said lens, a camv mounted upon said frame for swinging said lever, and driving means for said cam, said driving means being geared to said standard in such a manner as to rotate said cam as said frame 1s adjusted vertically upon said standard.

5. In a photographic enlarging apparatus, the combination of a negative holding frame, aframe for holding a mask for producing a tinted borr upon an enlargement, resilient means or securing the second frame to the first frame in such a manner as to permit the second frame to be moved toward and away from the first frame, a pair of bars slidably mounted upon the first frame, cooperating cam means carried` by said bars and the second frame for moving the latter toward and away from the first frame as said bars are slid, a lever pivoted to the first frame and coupled to mounted in said frame' upon its pivot.

saidbars so as to slide the latter longi-rg tudinally, and means for shifting said lever .enlarging apan illuminating lens on the op- 6. In a photographic paratus, the combination of device, a negative holder, a

posite side of said negative holder from said illuminating device, a Aframe for holding a maskyfor'producing a tinted border upon an enlargement disposed between said negative holder' and said lens, a mask v and having a light coloredA border surrounding the` opening therein, a plurality of swinging reflector blades disposed between said; frame and said lens and being adapted to reflect the light which passes around the negative placed in said negative holder back onto the light colored border of said mask, the

ing, and means for adjusting the position of said blades so as to vary the size of said opening.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

PAUL FRANKOIS.

Inner edges of said blades defining an open`

Images