US1463831A - Electromagnetic device - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 7, 1923.

1,463,831 D. D. MILLER ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVI CE Filed May 5, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 7, 1923. 1,463,831 D. D. MILLER ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICE Filed May 5, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I 04044 V W 6"? Patented- UNITED STATES PATENT- t or ncni I -'In'a1nnr. n. man, or new roan, n. Y., assmuoa 'ro wmm nae-rare comm, i

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ILECTBOIAGNETIG DEVICE.

-. Application fled lay 5,1021. lcrtallo. mp4s.

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' Be it known that I, DANIEL D. a citizen of the United States,.res1d1n at New Yor in the county. of New ork, ,5 State of ew York, have invented certain new and'useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Devices, of which thejoll owing is a full, clear, concise, and exact description;

This invention relates to electromagnetic 19 relays, and particularly to that type known as polarized rela s.

An object of t is invention is to provide asimple and extremely sensitive polarized relay of such structure as to successfully avoid residual magnetism in the armature.

A second object of this invention 1s to provide a relay structure that will successfully operate on alternating current to produce sustained operation an 'auxilia circult.

g9 The relay of this invention is c aracterized by the use of a polarizing magnet havwith the middle (poles and by the wherein the poing three prong pole pieces prong adjustable at both ma etic-circuits employe larlzing flux flows across the armature at right-angles thereto and the operating flux flows lengthwise in the armature in opposin% directions. Y j 7 he above mentioned features and other 4 9 novel features will be more thoroughly understoodfrom the accompanying illustrative drawin and detailed description.

Figure 1 1s a perspective view of one embodiment of the relay of this invention at showingthe three prong pole piece construction with all prongs in the same plane.

Figure 2 is an outline View of the apparatus of Figure 1, showing particularly the electric and magnetic circuits used. A;

' local relay circuit is shown which is useful in conjunction with the alternating current operation of the relay of this invention.

Figure 3 discloses another embodiment oi this invention wherein the three prong pole 4a pieces are shown as three prongs cr projections on T-shaped bases. In detail refernng to Figures and Q,

' there is-disclosed a permanent magnet 1 hav= ing tri furcated p pieces consisting respectively of members 2 and 4 of fixed lengths relative to the connecting base of 'the pole piece and member 3 located between members 2 and 4 and adjustable as to its projection; also similar members on the pole pieces of opposite polarity consisting I 8 of the armature head attache pole piece members 2 and 5 and the opposite in the same plane with corresponding end faces adjacent. A T-shaped armature is attached between the end faces of the end members ofthe pole pieces, havin one end between adjustend 10 of the armature head attached between end pole piece members 4 and 7. Both ends of this armature head are disclosed as separated from actual contact with the pole piece members mentioned by pieces of non-magnetic material 38. The shank 9 of the T-sha d armature rojects substantially at rig t angles to t 0 head and at such a position in the armature structure as to bring the junction of the head and shank of the armature adjacent and between the end faces of the middle members of said trifurcated pole pieces. The armature head is slotted at either'side of the shank, producing necks or constrictions at the center portion of the armature. The urpose in using an armature of this kind 1s to allow a more complete motion of its various parts. With this structure, the armature may be considered as fulcrumed either at the junction of the end members of the pole pieces or at the necks joining the shank and head of the T-structure or at both these locations. A more complete discussion of the bending motion in this armature will be given later. A contact member 13 is mounted near the end of the shank 9 of the armature and is i cocperable with adjustable contact members M and 15 disclosed in this figure as mounted in a supporting metallic frame work, thus short circuiting the contacts 14 and 15. However, this short circuiting feature is involved in but one embodiment of 7 piece of the figure, three parallel paths for 'ing of the ma gnp and a wee ening of the magnetic field 1n the upper airgap of the figure, thus the flux of the permanent magnet, or the polarizing flux, are formed as disclosed by the light dot-dash lines of the drawings through the pole-piece structure. These paths may be traced from the upper permanent magnet pole of the drawing, in the first case, through left-hand upper polepiece member 2, left-hand end of armature member 8 and perpendicular thereto, lefthand lower pole-p1ece member 5 to the lower permanent me not ole; in the second case,

through the a justa le middle member 3 oi the upper pole-piece, the upper air gap, the junction end of the shank of the T -shaped armature, the lower air gap, the adi'usteble middle member 6' of the lower po e-piece to the lower permanent magnet pole; an in the third case, in a manner similar to the first case mentioned, from the upper magnet pole through the right-hand member 4 or the upper pole-piece, right-hand end of armature member 10 and erpendicular thereto, right-hand lower po-e piece member 7 to the ower permanent magnet pole. From the junction of the parallel flux paths in the lower magnet pole, the combined flux traverses the remainder of the polarizing magnetic circuit through the body of the permanent magnet l. The en ergizing coilslfi and 17 are disclosed as connected in series and op ositely wound about the two ortions of te armature associated with t e trifurcated magnet polepieces. With'like adjustment of pole-piece members 3 and 6 and with no current flowing through the energizing coils 16 and 17, no operating flux will be established end the armature normally, under this condition, will remain in a neutral position Upon passing a. current through the coils 16 and 17 as connected, hsvin the current enter thlmigll terminal 39 and cave through terminal operating flux will beestablished in direction and paths as indicated by heavy dash lines on the drawings. With flux established as shown by the permanent magnet and by the ener izing windings, it is evident thatthere wi be a strengthenetic field in the lower sir producing a net force tending to move the armature toward pole-piece member 6. The total movement of the armature, under these conditions will comprise two component movements, first the bending or bowing in the pole-piece plane of the head of the T- shaped. structure at the points of attachment to the pole-piece junctions and at the necked portions 11 and 12, and secondly, the bending or the shank or the T about the said like amounts of flux in the two parts inalignment and therefore the mutual nullifyving effect of such fluxes upon deenergization of the windings.

Obviously, the 'aplication of alternating current to the win in s 16 and 17 wil cause a periodic reversal 0 operating flux in the armature and vibration of the armature in synchronism with the source of current supply. Assuming a source of alternating current supply connected to the windings 16 and 17, armature member 9 will vibrate synchronously with the current supply, thus alternately connecting member 13 with contact members 14 and 15. In the circuit shown the members 14 and 15 are shunted and the shunt connection is in series with a source of electfical energy 18, the ener izing winding 19 of the local circuit re ay, armature member 9 and contact member 13. With members M and 15 properly adjusted, circuit closures will be of relatively long duration and circuit breaks of short duration, resulting in the attraction of the local relay armature 20 and the closing of the circuit it controls at contact point 21 on the first contact make of member 9 and the sustained operation of armature 20 during the period of vibration of member 9 of the polarized relay. This is due to the reestablishment of current and flux in winding. 19 before the flux established during a PI'BVIOHS contact make of member 9 has had time to die out.

Referring to Figure 3, there is disclosed a vpermanent magnet 1 having two trifurouted pole ,ieces. The upper pole piece com-- prises a shaped base 1 having projectmg members 22 and iZ-l of fixed length and perpendicular to the head of the T-shaped base at the ends thereof and member 23 mounted perpendicular to and near the end Ill of the shank of the T-shaped base and adjustable as to perpendicular projection. The

"ill

those described under Figure 2.

shaped base 42 having projecting members 25 and 27, of fixed length and perpendicular to the head of the T-sbaped base i2 gt the ends thereof and member 26 mounted perpendicular to and near the end of the shank of tile T-sbeped base and cdjnstcble as to perpendicular projection. The pole pieces are so arranged as to bring members 22 23 and 24 respectively end adjacent to members 25, 26 and 27. A Y-slinped armature, has the ends of its two parallel members 28 and 30 respectively attached to pole piece members 24:, 27 end 22, 25 but separated from intimate contact therewith by portions of non-magnetic material 38, The members of the armature are so dimensioned as to bring the junction of members 28, 29 end 30 intermediate the end feces of edjnsteble pole piece members 23 end 26. A chatterless contact member 31 is attached to the tail 29 of the Y-sheped nrmetnre end is ositioned so cs to be coopernble Wit; odnstnble contact members 32 and 33 mounted respectively in supports and 35. Energizing windings 36 and S7 erranged to surround respectively members 28 end 30 of the armature but with snfficient free core specs to permit proper movement of the armature. The electric end magnetic circuits contemplated in the of Figure 3 are similer en respects to However, the structural arrangement disclosed Figure 3 is thought to be more compact admits or" large eife'ctive windin specs,

Wiret is claimed is:

l. Incombinetion, it permanent magnet, edjustable trifurceted pole pieces for said magnet, en armature coopereble with said pole pieces end energizing coils for ssid armature,

2. In combination, a, polarizing magnet, triiurceted pole pieces for said magnet each of said pole pieces one adjustnble member, on srmstnre iuicinmed two members or smd pole pieces but movable with respect to the third member of said pole pieces, and energizing coils placed in operative reletion seid armature.

3b combination, o polarizing magnet, i'fnrccted pole pieces for said scid cole nieces having the end oi correspend 1 members adjacent, pole pieces na ling one member long m nclly adjustable, en crmegnre inlcrm ed. between sdjecent members of seid end movable with respect to s pole piece members, end ener surrounding the portions of sci said pole iece members A polsrized reiey structure comprising s sole/rising magnet, tri'fnrceted pole "pieces tner r, escli pole piece having two bers i fixed length in the some plsne s structure comprising eley " trifurcated pole pieces lengti end one member of stable length, n bifurcated armature cci cie with said pole piece, members nd a windings surrounding portions armature, said windin s being so connected es produce magnetic flux said n iOi'lS either toward or own f" one 3n (F on dependent on the direction I curi flow in said windings in Witness WliQlEOf, l hereunto subsc my this 3rd day or May A. l). 19%

DANIEL D. Milli-Eli.

-. id pole nieces each having n rice

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