US337896A - Dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. 0. J. VAN DEPOELE.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 337,896. Patented Mar. 16, 1886.

(Ho Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

.0. J. VAN DEPOELE DYNAMO ELBGTRIG MAGHINB.

No. 337,896. Patented Mar. 16, 1886.

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CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO RICHARD H. MATHER, OF \VINDSOR, CONNECTICUT.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

EZ ECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,896, dated March 16. 1886.

Application filed May 11', 1884. Serial No. 131,813.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OIL-minis J. VAN DE- POELE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to a new and useful improvement made in dynamo-electric machines, whereby the current produced in the same can be varied according to the want.

The following is a description of my inven' tion, reference being had to the annexed draw ings, forming part of this specification.

Figure 1 represents an automatic variable resistance or current regulator. Fig. 2 represents a dynamo, showing its magnetic frame and a diagram of circuits around the same. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a modification of the circuits shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

In the drawings similar letters represent similar parts.

M and M are the main magnetic cores upon which the main helices are wound.

F and I are the pole pieces to the fieldmagnets, between which the armature revolves.

D and D are the bottom and top plates of the magnetic frame.

B and B are iron bridges placed across the pole-pieces F and F.

I and I are the two brushes or collectors bearing upon the commutator of the armature a.

H and H are the helices around the cores M and M.

h and h are the helices around the bridges B and B.

a is the armature.

P and N are the positive and negative terminals to the helices H and H, through which the main current is circulating, leading to the work outside of the machine.

p and n are the positive and negative terminals of the helices h and h.

In Fig. 1, c is a contact-bar actuated by a core or plunger, 6, in the solenoid E.

S is a standard of metal supporting on one end the contact-bar 0.

The main or working circuit is as follows:

(No model.)

starts from brush 1, through helix H, out at P to lamps or other work, 0 c e, &c., to solenoid E, out of same to N, through helix H, and out of same to brush I, completing this circuit 5 through armature.

The regulatingcircnit is as follows: From brush I the current circulates through heliXh, and by suitable conductor passes over to helix h, and from said helix to brush I. The helix 6o 71 and the brush 1 are connected by suitable conductor, 1), to the metallic standard S of the current-controller, which is in contact with c on the contact-bar, while helix h and brush I are, by suitable conductor, n, connected to a conductor to which all the resistances c c c c, &c., are connected.

My aim in this invention has been to produce a simple and sensitive means for regulating the current-power of the dynamo, and is more specially designed to be used with large machines. To produce this regulation, asshown in 2, I place an iron bridge over the respective poles of the field-magnets, thus closing the magnetic circle, and around these bridges I place helices, through whiclreither the main current or a shunted part from the armature-current can be made to circulate.

In the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 show the regulating-helices around the bridges in a derivation from the armature, although this is not essential. Anycurrent can be made avail able, providing it be of sufficient strength to magnetize the bridges with the same strength as the polepieces are magnetized by the main core and helices.

Fig. 8 shows the same magnetic disposition of parts as Fig. 2; but here the bridges, instead of being magnetized by a derivation from the armature, are in this case magnetized 0 by coils through which the main current is flowin The current from P is led by suitable conductor to coil hof lower bridge, B, up to the top bridge, B, through coil It, and by proper conductor to p on main line or out- 3 side working-circuit, through same to solenoid E, to field-magnet coil M, to armature at- I, out of same to fieldunagnet coil M, out at P, completing the circuit.

It will be understood that the bridges closing the magnetic circle will destroy the action of the main cores M and M upon the arma- IOO ture unless said bridges can be magnetized so as to concur with the poles of the main cores. As shown, the polarity of the bridges is such that each forms a complete electromagnet, and they are so disposed upon the main polepieces that the north pole-piece will receive the north poles of both bridges, while the south pole-piece will receive the south poles of both bridges. When the bridges are magnetized to saturation, or at least as high as the main pole-pieces F and F, the machine will be'capable of doing its maximum duty, providing that the magnetization of the bridges is as indicated in Fig. 2that is, the bridges presenting consequent points-to the respective main poles; but now if, instead of allowing the full amount of current to circulate around the bridgespart of the current be shunted from their helices,'the action upon the main poles will be decreased accordingly, and the tendency ol'the magnetism in the main poles (positive and negative) +and will be to close its magnetic circuit-,which action was-first opposed by the polarity of the bridges as long as their helices were receiving the proper amount of current. Thus it will be seen that by allowing more or less current to circulate around the bridges the magnetic action of the main pole-pieces will be correspondingly affected, thus reacting upon the current produced in the armature, &c. As indicated in Fig.3, the bridge-coils h and k can now be shortcircuited by means of the automatic variable resistance by conductor 1) and conductor n. The operation of the regulator upon the bridge-coils will be readily understood. The main current flowing through the solenoid E will act with a corresponding power upon the core of the solenoid E, so that whenever the current increases in strength the core e will be drawn down, and with it the contactbar 0, which on making contact with some of the resistances c c c, &c., will divert a corre' sponding portion of the current from the bridges, thus weakening the field of force by allowing the main field-poles to become more or less demagnetized, their tendency being to close the magnetic circuit through the iron bridges, were it not for the opposite polarity of the bridges. In case all the current is shunted from the bridges, the latter not opposing the magnetism in the field will allow the same to pass from pole n to pole s, when the action of the field of force upon the armature will be almost m'l, so that by allowing more or less current through the bridge-coils the field of force can be modified to any degree of saturation, and thus regulate the current produced.

The amount of current circulating around the bridges can be regulated by any of the known meansfor instance, as shown in Fig. 1, where a variable resistance is used, actuated by a solenoid and core in the main or working circuit. The helices of the bridges are here in a shunt from the armature, while the main field helices are in circuit with the armature. In this case the action of the automatic variable resistance will be to shunt the current from the bridges, and at the same time diminishing or destroying the magnet from the fieldmagnet cores. This will happen every time the main current is too powerful, the solenoid drawing in deeper its core, and at the same time shunting the current, as above stated. However, as soon as a balance exists between the current strength in the solenoid and the opposing spring,or its equivalent, the bar 0 will remain stationary until the current grows either too powerful or too weak, when the automatic regulator will correct the difference either one way or the other by allowing more or less currentto circulate around the helices hand h of thebridges, which action will either increase or decrease the magnetic field of force. a

It is not necessary that the bridges should be in direct magnetic contact with the mainpoles. Athickness ofsomenon-magneticmaterialmay be interposed between the bridges and the main poles. A distance between both can be used as a means for adjusting the efficiency of the poles upon each other. The closer the bridges are to the main poles the more effect they will have upon each other. The two bridges are in fact two electro-magnets, and when the polarity is as represented in Fig. 2 they will concur with the main poles of the field-magnets; but when no current is passing through their helices their polarity will be reversed through the influence of the polarity in the field-magnet poles, at the same time diminishing or destroying the magnetism of the field of force, which acts correspondingly upon the armature. Thus it will be seen that by varying the current strength through the bridges any regulation or modification in the action of the machine producing current may be obtained.

I do not limit myself to the exact construction here shown, as this can be varied in a good many ways without departing from, the spirit of my invention. Let it be understood, however, that the electro magnetic bridges herein described are only intended to be used with dynamo-electric generators having fixed field magnet poles, across which they are placed, and not with machines the field of force of which is formed by movable or moving consequent points.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In adynamoelectric machine, the combination, with the field-magnet poles thereof, of

one or more iron bridges placed directly across said poles and inclosing the armature, thereby magnetically short-circuiting the field of force, said bridges being provided with proper helices adapted to magnetize the same with greater or less strength, as desired, and independent of the field magnet coils, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination, with two diametrically-opposite field- .gize the same correspondingly, and thereby to ssasee magnets having non-consequent poles, of two I bridges so arranged and disposed as to influor more magnetic bridges spanning said poles, the latter being provided with magnetizinghelices, in circuit with an automatic resistance adapted to direct more or less current through said helices, and thereby to modify the strength of the field of force by either increasing or decreasing the magnetism in the main poles thereofby the action ofthe bridges, substantially as described.

3. A dynamo electric machine provided with two extra electro-magnets placed across the non-consequent main north and south poles of the field-magnets, said electro-magnets being in circuit with an automatic device for diverting more or less current through the helices of said extra electro-magnets, so as to enermodify the magnetic strength of the field-magnets, and thereby control the production of current in a dynamo-electric machine.

4. In a dynamoelectric machine, and in combination with the magnetic poles of the l fieldof-force magnets, two electromagnetic ence the magnetism in the field of force, for the purpose of regulating the production of current in a dynamo-electric machine, and an automatic resistance operated by the main current, and so disposed and arranged as to regulate and control the current passing around the fixed bridge-magnets, substantially as set forth.

5. In a dynamo-electric machine,a magnetic frame consisting of a pair of field-Inagnets,between which the armature is rotated, and one or more iron bridges placed across and closing the space between the pole-pieces of the field-magnets and inclosing the armature, and provided with suitable helices for opposing their magnetically short-circuiting effect to a greater or less degree.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES J. VAN DEPOELE.

\Vitnesses:

Amos K. STrLEs, THEo. P. BAILEY.

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