US1456284A

US1456284A - Governor for internal-combustion engines

Info

Publication number: US1456284A
Application number: US337579A
Authority: US
Inventors: Paul F Shivers; John F Lindberg
Original assignee: LEDDRA W HOLT
Current assignee: LEDDRA W HOLT
Priority date: 1919-11-12
Filing date: 1919-11-12
Publication date: 1923-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 1940-05-22

Description

May 22, 1923. i Q 7 1,456,284

P. F. SHIVERS ET AL GOVERNOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed NOV. 12, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS.

FMZ siu'rera Jam flimzsc 9M MMQ ATTORNEY May 22, 1923.

,P. F. SHIVERS ET AL GOVERNOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 12,

amuziulig INVENTORS Pauli: Shivem IDWL 70A Li w zlevj ATTORNEY Patented May 22, 1923.

' UNITED STATES. PATENT orrlce.

mm. r. snivnas, or LUDINGTON, filament, AND JOHN F. nmnnnnaoi .ofiroae'o,

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOBS OF ONE-HALF TO LEDDBA. W. HOLT,

man.

or Lonmeron, 111cm oovmmoa roa m'rnannn-counosrron"aromas.

Application filed November 12, 1919. Serial No. 337,579.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, PAUL F. SHIVERS, residing at Ludington, inthe county of Mason and State of Michigan, and JOHN F. LINDBERG, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Internal-Combustion Engines; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to governors for internal-combustion engines and has for its main object to provide means whereb starting of the engine is easily andquic y accomplished and whereby racing of the engine due to sudden load reduction or fail- 'ure of anyelement entering into the speed government of the engine Wlll effect reduction in speed thereof.

The invention is so-called electric lig ting and power plants of the type adapted for isolated locations, such as farms, small towns, hotels, resort cottages and vehicles, and which are actuated by internal combustion engines and more particularly to that type of plant known as automatic or self-starting upon closure ofthe electric circuit through any of the translating devices interposed therein.

A further object of the invention in its 36 adaptation to such generating plants 18 to provide an automatic governor or control which will efiect slowing down of the eng ne to prevent injury to .the electric generating elements and circuits or the translating devices interposed therein in the event of any accident such as the opening of the circuit controlling the governor or failure thereof for other causes, the breakin 01 failure of the spring associated with t e governor or control, or a sudden decrease in load on the en 'ne or generator.

e invention consists in the combination o association of parts or elements hereinafter fully described and claimed. A suitable or exemplary embodiment whereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which: I Figure 1 is a view in elevation, partly in particularly adapted to section, of an electric control or governor of the character and purpose set forth.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of the same on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section, partly in section of the carburetor, Fig. 4 is a modification illustrating the adaptation of a ball type of governor, andFig. 5 a View of a hydrocarbon engine and generator and solenoid of the governor illustrating in conventlonal form the relation of the solenoid-to the circuit of the generator.

.The device comprises the carburetor 1 which, in the instance illustrated, consists of a tube or air passageway 2 into which the hydro-carbon feed nozzle 3 projects. The nozzle is adapted to be connected by means of the pipe 4 with the source of a supply of hydro-carbon, and the supply of the hydrocarbon is controlled by a needle valve 5 in the usual manner. A shaft 6 carries the throttle valve 7 which isshown substantially closing leads from the nozzle to the interior 0 the air passageway between the throttle valve 7 and the discharge or engine intake end of the air passageway. Mounted at one end of the shaft 6 is a spur pinion 9 which projects into the housing 10 of the reciprocable lunger 11 constituting the armature of the solenoid 12. Said plunger 11 is equipped between its ends with a rack 13 meshing with the spur pinion 9 for rotatin the same in an obvious manner. The p unger or armature 11 is normally supported at the upper or outer limit of its movement with respect to adjustable tension spring 14, depending upon whether the device is vertically or horizontally disposed.

Any of the many types and constructions of carburetors for internal combustion engines. purchasable on the market may be substituted for the one shown and described, it being essential only that the carburetor employed shall be equipped with a full 'et located between the .throttle or choke-valve and the engine for reasons hereinafter fully explained.

The solenoid 12 is properly connected in the circuit of the generator so that as current is generated by the latter the solenoid will be energized and will cause the armathe solenoid 12 by means of the the air passageway. A passa e 8 upper limit of its movement the throttle valve is closed or substantially closed' as shown in Figure 1, so that only a very limited air intake opening is presented, so that upon starting the internal combustion engine for driving the generatorv a relatively rich-starting mixture of carbureted air will be introduced into the engine to' start the same. As is well known in automobile practice and wherever internal combustion engines are employed, the latter are more quickly and readily started by the introduction of a relatively rich carbureted air initially. As soon as the engine is started the generator actuated thereby will deliver current to the solenoid 12 whereupon the latte will draw down the plunger or armature 11 a distance depending upon the current value generated and the choke valve will be moved toward open position thus enlarging the air intake and causing an increase in engine speed and a proportionate increase in current until the current enerated attains its predetermined voltage. if the load on the generator is at this time its maximum, then the choke valve will retain its approximately maximum opening but as the current consumption decreases due to turning out lights or shutting off other translating means interposed in the generator circuit the load on the engine will decrease without, however, decreasing the voltage of the generated current. This will '0 viously result in an increase in engine speed and a consequent increase in-voltage.

of the generated current thus causing the armature 11 to be moved still farther against the action of the spring 14 thus causing the choke valve of the carburetor to turn beyond the wide open position and effecting a partial choking of the air intake and a decrease in engine speed substantially of such intake. The winding of the solenoid and the tension of the spring 14 aresuch that if the maximum voltage to be generated is, for example, 110 and it should rise to 115, the armature 11 will respond to such extent as to move the choke valve to a substantially closed position to prevent all possibility of continuation of engine speed or increase thereof to effect generation of current to exceed a safe limit of 115 volts.

If, for example, the spring 14 should I break or be too weak to offer the requisite resistance to the movement of the armature 1n response to current increases, the result would be that the englne would never attain the desired maximum speed, and in the event that the supply of current to the solenoid should, for any reason, such as a short circuit or the breaking or loosening of a feed wire to same, the spring 14 would either rebe exhausted by an excessive duration of the cranking operation, to the end that the life of thestorage battery may be increased as far as possible and, further, sot-hat the normal desired current value may be generated as soon as possible after closing the circuit throu h a translating device, it 1s, of course,

desira is that starting of the en inc and generation of power should be a 0st instantaneous and this is best accomplished by almost completely choking the air intake to the carburetor initially .to insure the feed of rich carbureted air to the engine. This advantage of the device is sup lemented b the other advantages hereinbeibre set fort thus making the device not onl geous with respect-to its several and the manner in which they are performed but also with respect to the simplicitya'nd cheapness of its construction.

It will be a parent, of course, that the device is equal y applicable to electric light and power plants of the several types on the market regardless of the voltage of the current generated.

Our said device isparticularly adapted for such plants as are, for example, illustrated and described in the a plication for Letters Patent of Scott J. atthews, filed March 7th, 1917, Serial No, 153,015, and in Letters Patent to L. B. Jones, No. 1,081,749, dated December 16th, 1913; F. M. Slough, No. 1,192,006, dated July 25th, 1916; and many others; in fact wherever the rime mover is started by a battery actuate moto'r or motor generator or by means of a pneumatic motor fed from a limited su ply of compressed air as in the atent to D. 1K9Iil2g-ht et al., N 0. 1,028,364 ated June 4th,

The essential and most important and advantageous feature of the invention resides in the employement of a carburetor having a throttle or choke-valve disposed in the above described relation to the fuel nozzle advantaand engine and so associated with means functions es es other closed position in response to increase in engine speed thus adapting it to any very simple type of governor whether electrical or -mechanical, the electrical type shown and described being very advantaeous in some particulars, and, therefore preferable. The initial or normal position of the choke or throttle-valve insures quick starting of the engine and afi'ords the most advantageous and economical means of preventing racing of the engine under the several specific conditions, or their equivalents, above set forth.

In 'Figure 4:, we have 'shown a simple mechanical governor of the ball type in which sleeve 15 will be suitably connected to the engine to be rotated thereby. Balls 17 are suitably connected to the sleeve and to rod 16 suitably connected to 'rack rod 18 which meshes with pinion 19 on shaft 20, the pinion and shaft being identical with pinion 9 and shaft 6. As the speed of the engine increases for any reason, the balls will travel outwardly in the usual manner causing rod 16 to descend in sleeve 15 and move the rackrod u wardly to move the valve as before descri ed.

Thus it will be understood that while we have shown and described an exemplary and preferred embodiment of the invention herein,-the same may be otherwise embodied to adapt it to the characteristics of all types of generating sets or plants of the character aforesaid or any type of internal combustion engine without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What we claim is: h p 1. A governor for internal combustion en'- gine-driven electric generating plants comprising a carburetor adapted to be connected to the engine and having an air passageway therein, a valve within the air passageway adapted to be turned continuously in one direction from substantially closed position to wide open position and again to substantially closed position, means normally maintaining the valve in substantially closed position and means to turn the valve in the aforesaid direction, the latter means being responsive to the voltage of the electric current generated by the generator.

2. A overnor for internal combustion engins-driven electric generating plants comprising a carburetor adapted to be connected to the engine and having an air passageway therein, a valve within the air passageway adapted to be turned continuously in one direction from substantially closed position to wide open position and again to substantially closed position, the carburetor having a fuel jet communicating with said air passageway between said valve and the engine, and means to turn the valve in the aforesaid direction, said means being responsive to the voltage of the current generated byithe electric generating means.

3. A governor for internal combustion engine-driven electric generating plants comprising a carburetor adapted to be connected to the engine and having an air passageway therein, avalve within the air passageway adapted to be turned continuously in one direction from substantially closed position to wide open position and again to substantially closed position, the carburetor having a fuel jet communicating with said air passageway between said valve and the engine, a rack carrying plunger adapted to turn the valve in the aforesaid direction, voltage responsive means connected in the circuit of the electric generating means for moving the. plunger in one direction and means to move the plunger in the opposite direction for normally maintaining the valve in substantially closed position.

in witness whereof, we have hereunto signed our names this 4th day of November,

PAUL F. SHIVERS, JOHN F. LINDBERG.