US1455527A - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

P. GOFFART COKE @VEN May 15, 1923.I l 1,455,527

Filed March l0 1920 @www i H MINIMUM?! WMM/lm I Patented May 15, i923.

UNITED STATES 0 F FIC E MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO O1? WILMINGTON, DELA- PATENT WARE, A CORPORATION OF DELANARE.

COKE OVEN.

Application filed March 10, 1920.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, PAUL GorrAR'r, a subject of the King of Belgium, and resident of Brussels, Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coke Ovens, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to coke ovens, and has for its object to secure improved results in the production of coke, particularly from coal high in volatile constituents. Speaking generally the invention constitutes an improvement upon the known type of oven in which the side walls of the cooking chambers contain upright heating fines, and during one stage of the operation, the gases travel upwardly in the flues at one-half of the said wall, then horizontally in a top channel, and then downwardly in the flues at the other half of the heating wall, while during the next stage of the operation, the flow of the gases is reversed; but during either stage, the direction of flow is the same for all the heating flues at the same half of the heating wall.

I have found that an oven of the construction referred to is quite satisfactory for coking ordinary coal, but yields less acceptable results with certain types of coal having but a slight agglutinating power while containing a high percentage of volatile matter. In order to convert coal of these types into dense coke, it is important to insure a rapid distillation at the top of the charge, so that the volatile matter developed from the lower portion of the charge will not cause the production of spongy coke at the upper portion thereof.

In order to obtain this result, I have devised the following novel features distinguishing my improved coke oven from others and particularly from those of the type to which I have referred. First, the upright heating flues of a heating wall have been divided into independent groups each comprising two adjacent flues. The heating gas or fuel is admitted continuously at the top, at a point between the two fiues of the saine group; the air for supporting combustion travels upwardly in one flue of each group, and the gases resulting from the combustion of said fuel with the aid of said air pass down in the other flue of eac-h group; from time to Serial No. SEILGM.

time, the direction of flow of air and of combustion products is reversed in said fines, that is to say, ear-h flue of a pair or group is alternately used for the upward travel of air to support combustion, and for the downward travel of combustion gases.

Second. a regulation may be effected both as to the length of the iiame and the intensity as well as the point of application of the heat to the charge under treatment; for this purpose the air for supporting combustion is. supplied in regulatable amounts 'at different levels of the heating wall, through openings of proper location and cross section provided in the partition separating the two heating flues of the saine group,

Third, at a level below the sole ofthe coking chambers, I piace two sets of channels or flues extending the full length of the oven, the channels of one set being located directly beneath the respective coiring chambers and being connected with alternate heating fines of an adjacent heating wall and also with one of the regenerators, while the channels of the other set are located directly undei` said heating wall and are connected with the other heating flues of the saine wall and also with the other regenerator.

In the accon'ipanyingl drawings I have illustrated, as an example, a colring oven einbodying my invention. l? ig. l is a vertical section tz zen lengthwise through one of the coking chambers; Fig. 2 is a similar section tal-en lengthwise through one of the heating walls, and Figs. 3 and d are verticali cross sections tal-:en on lines AMB und (lm-D respectively of Fig, 2.

'.lhe heating walls g located at both sides of the longitudinal c'oling` chambers contain upright heating` flues 3, flarranged in a plurality of consecutive pairs, the two fines of the same pair being` separated by a `perforated partition z', while adjacent flues 3, of diiferent pairs are separated by imperforate partitions j, so that each pair is separate from the other pairs. Each perforated partit-ione is provided with one perforation or opening d at the top, and with one or more additional perforations, such as d', el, at different levels. is will be seen in Figs. 3 and 4l, the perforations decrease in width, or at least in cross section, from the upper perforation Z to the lower perforation al. Fuel is admitted to the central portions of the perforations or openings cl, through nozzles @provided with cocks or valves enabling the amount or' gas to be regulated ifor each nozzle individually. rl`his gas is fed through the nozzles continuously, irrespective or' the periodical reversal, which aiiects only the air supply and the combustion products. The lower ends oi the ilues 3 are connected by ducts 2 with 'horizontal channels l located directly beneath the respective heating walls, at a level below the sole oi the c olring` chambers. At one end ot the oven, each channel 1 communicates with the top of a primary regenerator Z), the bottom oi' which is connected in a well lrnown manner with a secondary regenerator c of less height, the upper portion of which is connected with a reversing valve of well lrnown type, and according to the position or' said valve, lthe upper portion of the secondary regenerator c connected either with the chimney to discharge combustion gases into the same, or with air heating channels c, 7"', located respectively above the secondary regenerators c (and c) and below all the regenerators, so that air -from said channels c, y, which are open to the surrounding air at one end may in that case pass successively to the secondary regenerator c and the. primary regenerator I). Alternating with the channels l another set of similar channels 6, each located directly beneath one of the coking chambers It and connected, at the end of the oven opposite to rthe regenerator with a similar primary regenerator o. The upper portion et each channel 6 is connected, by inclined or angular ducts 5, with the bottom portions ot the several heating iiuesa of an adjacent heatwall g. A secondary regenerator c is related to the primary regenerator o and to the reversing valve in the saine nianner as explained above in connection with the regenerators l; and c.

The operation will be understood readily. During one stage, the ai` (having passed through the chaniiels c, travels successively through the connected regenerators c and Z) to enter the sole channels l from which it rises, in a heated coiiditiou, in the ducts 2 and lines 3. 'il'irough the graduated openings (Z, d', cl, the air passes into the corresponding ilues i of each pair, to which gas is supplied at the top (in the opening d), through the nozzle a. Combustion thus takes place in the 'lues 4i, the combustion gases traveling` downwardly in such llues to reach the ducts 5 leading to the channels G. From these channels the gases pass successively to the regenerators o and c to heat them and then through the reversing valve to the chimney. After a suitable time, the position of the reversing valve 'is changed, and during the subsequent stage the air trom the channels e, f, passes through the previously heated regenerators c and o to the channels 6 and ducts 5, rises in the iiues 4 and passes through the openings d, cZ, CZ into the ilues 3, where it supports the combustion or' the fuel (gas) adn mitted continuously through the nozzles c. |The combustion gases travel downwardly in said tlues 3 and pass through the ducts 2 to the channels l from which they enter the primary regenerator o' and pass to the chimney through the secondary regenerator c.

it will be understood that the gas remains turned on all the time and is fed continuously through the nozzles a, the reversal of the air current sutlicing to direct the flow oit gas either into the fines 3 or into the ilues a.

l claim:

l. ln a coke oven, a heating wall. with parallel vertical lues arranged in independent pairs the two lues ot the same pair be` ing connected at different distances from one end oi such pair by openings ot' a cross section diminishing progressively as their distances from said end increase. and with ducts located in each flue at the other end et said pair ier the admission of air and ior the exit ot combustion gases, and means for supplying fuel to the first-mentioned end of such pair.

2. In a coke oven, a heating wall with upright lues arranged in independent pairs, the two iiues of the same pair being connected at different distances frcin'one end oi such pair by openings, and with ducts los cated in each flue at the other end for the admission of air and tor the exit ot combustion gases, and means for supplying fuel to the lirst mentioned end ol such pair.

3. In a colie oven, a heating wall with parallel i'lues arranged in separate pairs and provided, adjacent to one end and at dilierent distances therefrom,` with openings, of a cross section diminishing progressively as their distances from said 'end increase, by which the flues of the saine pair communicate with each other, and withy ducts located at the other ends of said -lues for the admission of air and orthe exit of combustion gases, and means 'for supplying iuel to the first named flue ends.

ln testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

' PAUL GOFFARI.l

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