US1455134A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

&y l5, i923. ASSM E. E. ECKERT CARURETOR Filed Jah. 5, 1921 f6. j. j;

\ /Y l erm Arron/vers Patented May 15, 1923.

EDWARD E. ECKERT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CAR-BRETOR.

Application filed January 5, 1921. Serial No. 435,205.

T 0 all whom it may concern.'

- Be it known that I. EDWARD Fi. llonnn'r,

a citizen of the United Sta-tes, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cool-z and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useiul lmprovement in Carburetors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors, and it consists in the combinations, constructions, and arrangements herein described and claimed.

Au object or" my invention is to provide a carburetor `having means ior intimately commingling an intlamn'iable hydrocarbon and air in order to forni a uniformly efficient homogeneous explosive mixture. n

A further objectof my invention is to provide a device of the type described that is adapted to be operatively applied to an internal combustion engine o' ordinary construction and is provided with means operable by the suction created by the operation of the internal combustion engine to regulate the volume of air entering into the explosive mixture, wheieby the volume of air in the mixture is increased as the speed of the engine is increasechthus insuring the development of a maximum ci power with minimum fuel consumption.

A. further object of my invention is to provide in a device of thetype described a novel form of valve mechanism for controlling the flow of both the air and the inflammable hydrocarbon 'through the device.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming part ot this application, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical central section through the device,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same,

Fig. 3 is a section along the line 3 3 of Fig. 5,

Fig. 4 is a detail of a portion of the device,

' Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a fragmentary portion of the device. y

In carrying out my invention, I provide a casing denoted generally at 1 and embodyinga substantially cylindrical vertical fuel chamber 2 and a mining chambeim having the form as best seen in Fig. 1.

The fuel chamber 2 is provided with an interiorly threaded tubular inlet 4 opening thereinto through its bottom wall. rThe latter is formed with an annular recess 5 around the inlet opening designed to receive the liange head 6 of a plug having a threaded shank 7 arranged to engage the threaded tubular inlet 4. A. fuel supply pipe 8 adapted for connection with any suitable source of fuel supply, none being shown, has an enlargement at the proximal end thereof, and this enlargement is provided with an opening 10 extending therethrough at right angles to the 'bore 11 of the supply tube and designed to receive the projecting end of the inlet tube 4. The inlet tube 4 has an annular recess 12 in its outer wall and the bore 10 of the enlargement 9 has an annular recess 13 in its inner wall cooperating therewith to provide an annular inlet chamber in which is disposed a filtering means, such as the screen 14. A plurality of spaced apart radial passages 15 lead from the inlet chamber through the wall of the tubular inlet tube 4. A plug 17 is screwed into the end of the inlet tube 4 and the head thereof rests upon a flange 18 that extends inwardly from the inner wall of the bore l0. It is to be noted that the end of the plug 17 is spaced from the adjacent end. of the shank 7, and that the wall of the portion of the inlet tube 4 disposed therebetween is perforated by the openings 15.

The shank 7 has a central vertical opening 16 extending through the head 6 and tapered outwardly at 19 to provide a seat for a valve 20. The stem 21 ot the valve 2O extends through a float 22 disposed in the fuel chamber 2 and the upper end of the stem projects above the float. A cylindrical collar 23 having flanges 24 and 25 at its opposite ends is mounted on the upper end of the stem 21 and slidably engages a guide spindle 26. The latter depends from a cover 27 that is fitted on the fuel chamber 2. `The cover 27 is provided with spaced apart depending lugs 28 and 29 and levers 30-30 are fulcrumed intermediate their length on these lugs. The inner ends of the levers 30-30 are formed into ball-shaped members and are disposed within diametrically opposed sockets 31-31 in the wall of the cylindrical colla-r 23. Balls 32-32 are also carried at the outer ends of the levers 30 and these balls rest upon the float 22. 4

The fuel chamber' 2 is provided with an outlet 33 opening through its side wall adjacent the bottom wall and this outlet opening` is connected by a passage 34 with a vertical passage 35 leading into the nozzle. rlhe How of fuel through the passage 34 is controlled by a needle valve 36 that is seated in the wall thereof and is provided with a stem 37 extending exterior of the casing. A handwheel 38 carried by the stem 37 at the end thereof provides a convenient means for operating the needle valve 36.

The vertical passage 35 is enlarged and threaded at 39. It will be noted that the bottom wallv of the mixing chamber 3 is centrally elevated to provide a base 40 for a valve mechanism therein, the structure of which will be hereinafter described, and that the threaded opening 39 extends downwardly from the center of the base 40. The valve mechanism within the mixing chamber 3 comprises a mixing head consisting ofen inverted frusto-conical member 41 resting on the base 40 and a similar frusto-conical member 42 mounted on and supported by the elevated central portion of the member 41, whereby a space 44 is provided between the adjacent surfaces of the members 41 and 42 as clearly shown in Fig. 5, the members 4l and 42 are provided with registering central vertical openings 45 and 46, respectively, and are operatively secured to each other by a spindle 48 which is disposed through the alined openings 45 and 46. The opening 46 is enlarged adjacent its upper end to provide a shoulder 47. rlhe spindle 48 extends through the registering openings 45 and 46 and is threaded exteriorly adjacent its lower end for engagement with the threaded opening 39. The spindle 48 is also provided with an integral flange 50 that rests upon the shoulder 47, this flange being hexagonal in the form of the device shown, and therefore readily operable to insure the members 41 and 42 being maintained in adjusted position relative each other.

'Mounted on the portion of the spindle 48 projecting above the flange 5() is a suction ring 51 that has the form best seen in Fig. 4, being formed with a plurality Vof apertures 52. rlhe projecting end of the spindle 48 fits within a socket 53 in the suction ring 51 and the upper and lower surfaces of the suction ring are inclined at 54-54 to substantially conform with the inclination of the upper surface of the member 42, and the suction ring is then formed to provide a tapering annular extension 51 at its outer edge that depends below the level of the under surface of the member 42. The outside diameter of the suction ring 51 is such that its peripheral wall slidably engages the inner wall of the mixing chamber 3.

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation thereof may be readily understood. A liquid fuel is conducted into the inlet chamber through the fuel supply pipe 8, and, passing through the screen 14, enters the space between the ends of the plug 17 and the shank 7 1and is then forced upwardly through the passage 16 into the fuel chamber. The float 22 is actuated as the level of the liquid within the fuel chamber 2 is raised, thereby operating the levers 304-30 and the valve 20 until the latter is moved .into closed position, as illustrated in Figure 1. The liquid fuel from the fuel chamber 2 passes through the passage 34, and the volume of fuel passing therethrough is regulated by means of the needle valve 36. Theliquid'fuel conducted along the passage 34 into the vertical passage 35, passes through a central passage 55 in the lower portion of the spindle.I thence through a plurality of radially directed pas.

sages 56 into an annular channel 57 in the outer wall of the spindle 43,A and thence through radially directed passages 59 into the space 44 between the adjacent surfaces of the members 41 and 42. The passages 59 are radial grooves in the upper surface of the central portion 43, these grooves being closed by the member 42 so as to provide passages. lt is to be observed that the liquid fuel will be scattered on account of being projected into the annular space 44 from radially directed passages, and will spread outwardly .in a uniform manner. The formation of the wall of the mixing chamber 3 to provide the elevated base 40, also provides an annular passage 60 into which an air in let tube 61 opens. Air from the annular passage 60 mingles with the liquid fuel at the periphery of the member 41, and the mixture is drawn through an annular' passage 62 that exists between the member 42 and the suction ring 51, when the latter is in the position shown in Figure 1. The combustible mixture is then drawn through the openings 52 into an outlet tube 63 that is adapted for connecting with an intake manifold (not shown) or the like, being provided with the ordinarymeans for effecting a connection, such as the flange 65. A throttle valve 64 is disposed between the outlet 63 to control the flow of the combustible mixture therethrough, and the operation of the throttle 64 is effected by means of a stem 66. l

It will be understood of course that the combustible mixture is drawn through the outlet 63 by a suction created by the operation of an internal combustion engine to which the device is applied. The distance that the suction ring 51 will be moved from its seat will be determined by the operation of the internal combustion engine, and will be increased directly as the speed of the engine is increased. Consequently a greater volume of air will be permitted to pass the mixing head, and will enter into the combustible mixture when the engine is being operated at a relatively great speed, than is the case when the engine is running at a low speed, and a maximum power will therefore be developed with a minimum fuel consumption.

lt is to be noted that the lit of the projecting portion of the spindle within the socket 53 of the suction ring 51 is such that an air cushion is provided between the end of the spindle and the adjacent walls of the socket. As a result, the suction ring 51, when actuated by gravity, will slowly move into closed position, and the wear on contiguous Asurfaces of the relatively moving parts of the mixing head and suction ring is therefore very slight.

It is to be observed that the inner wall of the extension 51 extends at an angle to the adjacent wall of the member 41. By substituting for the suction ring 51 a similar suction ring having the extension 51 extendn ing a greater or lesser angle to the adjacent surface of the member 4:1, the supply of air permitted to mingle with the liquid fuel can be initially regulated.

I claim:

I. In a carburetor, a cylindrical mixing chamber, a fuel feeding head comprising two conica-l heads, said conical heads having their bases disposed adjacent to each other and being of the same diameter, the lower head having a centrally raised portion spacing the upper conical head therefrom, and having an annular groove disposed adjacent to the raised portion, said raised portion having radial grooves therein, a tubular member connecting said conical heads together and having a cylindrical portion projecting above the upper conical head, said tubular member having openings therein communieating with said grooves, and a ring slidably disposed in said chamber and having a recess adapted to snugly receive the upper end of said tubular member, said ring being radapted to move with respect to said tubular member.

2. In a device of the type described, a mix ing chamber having an air inlet in the bottom thereof, a fuel feeding head disposed in the center of said mixing chamber and comprising two conical heads, the lower head having a centrally raised portion, an annular groove disposed adjacent to the raised portion, a vertically extending central bore, radial grooves disposed between said bore and said annular groove, and a tubular stein connect-ing said conical heads together and having an annular groove in its outer surface, and openings extending inwardly from the groove, said upper head being spaced from said lower head by the raised portion of said lower head.

3. In a device of the type described, a mixing chamber having an air inlet in the bottom thereof, a fuel feeding head centrally disposed in said chamber and comprising two conical heads having their bases disposed adjacent toa-nd spaced from each other and being provided with a circular nozzle adapted to throw a radially extending apron-like spray therefrom, a stem projecting vertically from the upper head, and a ring slidably disposed on said stem and having its outer wall adapted to abut the upper conical head, said ring also having a second conical portion merging from said first named conical portion and terminating at the periphery of said ring.

EDWARD E. ECKERT.

Images