US1454993A - Vise - Google Patents

Description

May 15, 1923. 1,454,993 H. R. BOTHWELL VISE Filed Ju1y 1. 1921 my. j.

ATTORNEY .9 INVENTOR Patented May 15, 1923.

UITED STATES HENRY R. BOTHWELI., 0F CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T0 SAMUEL NEWMAN, OF

CINCINNATI, OHIO.'

VISE.

Application led July 1,

To all whom, 'it may conce/"11,:

Be it known that I, HENRY R. BOTHWELL, a Canadian subject ofthe King of Great Britain, residing at Cincinnati', in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Vises, of which the following is a specification.

' chine tools, such as shapeis and the like,

where accuracy of adjustment is especially important.

The object of my invention is to avoid the tilting of the work when the vise is tightened thereon. A further object`is to provide a vise meeting that requirement, which will be as readily opened as is any ordinary vise. Another object is to provide such a vise for clampingV tapered or other irregularly shaped pieces, and avoiding the tilting. An` other object is to provide for ample strength, and te relieve the screw of all undue strains, when operating according to my invention as before stated. Other objects will appear in the course of the ensuing description.

I attain these objects by the device illustrated, for example, in the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a vise embodying my invention with respect to only one of the jaws thereof;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the vise;

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section on a plane corresponding to the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a similar section on planes corresponding to the broken line 4.--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a vise embodying my invention with respect to both jaws thereof, being to this extent a modification of the previous example of Figs. 1 to 4, inelusive;

Fig. 6 is a vertical lengthwise section on a plane corresponding to the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section on planes corresponding to the broken line 7-7 of 1 Fig. 6; and' Fig. 8 is a partial detail plan view of the taper-holding jaw and its mounting.

In the example of` Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, the base 1 and the -xed jaw 2 are integral; the jaw 2 projecting up `from one end of the base 1, which latter is elongated and rectangular in shape. The base 1 has its 1n- 1921. Serial N0. 481,872.

terior slotted lengthwise, from near one end to near its other end; and the remaining end parts 3 and 4, at the middle, form bearings for the screw 5 extending lengthwise of the vise with a collar 6 fixed on its end at the fixed-jaw end of the vise, and having at the other end a flange 7 hearing against the outside of the base part 4 to prevent, in conjunction with the collar 6, end play of the screw. Past this flange 7 the screw has a square end part 8 for application of a wrench. These details are similar to those of usual vises of this character, such, for instance` as are used on Shapers.

The slotted interior has along opposite lengthwise sides the ribs 9 facing toward each other across the slot, near the top of the base, and running from end te end of the slot; all surfaces of these ribs 9, and the narrow part above and the wider part below, ofthe slot walls, being made parallel with the screw 5.

The movable jaw 1() projects above the base 1 coextensively with the fixed jaw 2, with its bottom slidable on the base top; and the lug 11 projects from the bottom of the jaw 10 down between the ribs 9 of the base, with an opening through which the screw 5 extends loosely. The bottom middle part 12 of this j aw 10 from the lug 11 backward, projects down to fit snugly between the narrow upper parts of the base-slot walls, above the ribs 9, to hold the jaw 10 substantially parallel with the base and cause it to meet the fixed jaw 2 parallel to that jaw, as usual in vise's. The lug 11 is located far enough from the outer or front end of the jaw 10 to clear the front end of the base slot when the front end of the jaw 10 reaches the front end of the base. The jaw 10 extends somewhat farther'rearwardly from this lug 11 than it does forwardly; being amply long to have` adequate guiding by its part 12 in the base slot upper part. In the bottom of this rear part of the jaw 10 is the middle recess 13, with its front end vertical, its top curved, and its rear end inclined out to the rear end of the jaw: this recess 13 being about the same in width as the space between the base ribs 9. A pin 14 extends transversely through the jaw 10, about concentric with the curved top of this recess 13, with a collar 15.

The rear or fixed jaw 2 has the facing 16,

as usual in vises; such facings being of hardened steel to preserve their accuracy. The facing 17 of the jaw 10, as here shown, has its lower edge recessed at 17 coincident with the recess 13, to form a continuation of the inclined rear wall thereof.

The nut 18 is rectangular, with the screw 5 threaded through it, and with its sides bearing against the opposite wider lower parts of the base-slot walls, and the side parts 19 of its top, which are much lower than the middle part 20 of its top, bearing up against the bottoms of the respective ribs 9 of the base. The higher middle part 2() has its top'sloped from its rear end, which is rounded down to the rear end of the nut;

the front end of the nut being lower, to go v under the movable jaw 10 between the recess 13 and the lug 11, while the higher rounded rear part goes under the rear recessed part of the jaw 10` and its facing 17. Also, thls middle part 20 is much narrower than the space between the ribs 9 of the base; admitting the links 21 at its opposite sides between it and these ribs 9, which links 21 depend from the pin 14 of the movable jaw 10, spaced apart by the collar 15 therearound. A in 22 passes transversely through these links 21 and through the part 20 of the nut 18, pivoting them to the nut. Thus connected, these links 21 incline downward rearwardly, from the aw 10 to the nut 18; being accommodated in this position by the inclined rear wall of the recess. All walls of this recess 13, at rear, above, and in front, leave ample clearance for these links to swing slightly. on their pivot pins 14 and 22; and the nut 18 and lug 11 are so proportioned and positioned that slight forward movement of the nut 18 relatively tothe movable jaw 10 results in engagement of the nut 18 with the lug 11 to push the movable j aw 10 forward, when the screw 5 is turned in one direction.

When the screw 5 is turned in the opposite direction, the nut 18 acts, through the medium of the links 21, to pull the movable jaw l0 backward toward the fixed jaw; and the action also is to pull the movable jaw 10 downward closely against its sliding bearing on the base top. The advantage of this is illustrated in Fig. 2, where parallel-sided blocks A of equal height (indicated by broken lines) are placed against the respective jaw faces, and a piece B (similarly indicated,) which may be a piece to be opera'ted upon, is supported by the blocks A and is to be clamped by the vise. ln usual vises, due to the inevitable slight looseness in the screw-and-nut and the jaw-guiding bearings, the movable jaw tilts upward when tightened, so that the piece B would bel tilted as indicated by the dot-and-dash lines in Fig, 2. When the vise is well made, as such vises usually are, this tilting is very slight,

retenes apparently;but is sufiicient to be ver objectionable where very accurate work 1s ref quired-as for instance, to shape'the upper side of the piece B perfectly parallel with the lower side, or `within a fraction of a thousandth of an inch ofperfect parallel ism. With the usual vise, such an operation with the aid thereof is practically impossible, because the end next to the movable jaw will rise several thousandths of an inch above the other end, away from the supporting` block A, permitting this block to be pulled out freely, while the other block, next to the fixed jaw, is firmly held.

lllVith my invention, comprising means to pulldown on the movable jaw while tightenmg 1t against the work, this tilting is avoided, and the work can ,be held down tight upon both supporting blocks, insuring that the shaping of theupper side will be parallel with the lower side, for instance, in the example shown. lit thus will be seen that any desired setting of the work, for any desired shaping or cutting'operation on one side relative to two or more points on the opposite side of the work, can be preserved 1n the tightening operation, so that accuracy is possible with machines of the kinds depending upon such vises to hold the work, whereas heretofore some inaccuracy was unavoidable.

l have further found that, due to springing of the base 1 and fixed jaw 2 in such a vise as that of Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, especially where my improvement in the movable jaw is used, there will be some tilting ofthe supposedly fixed jaw 2; so that al.- though the movable jaw, if provided with Vmy improvement, will hold the work down firmly to its required position, the side of the work next to the jaw 2 will rise slightly. Therefore, to. overcome -all of this tilting, at either side, l recommend the example of Figs. 5 to 7, inclusive, especially when very accurate setting is desired.

This vise has the base 1" of elongated rectangular shape, slotted lengthwise be tween end parts 3 and 4, which parts form bearings for the screw 5, extending lengthwise of the vise with apcollar 6 fixed on it outside the rear end 3. length between the slotvends, this screw 5 has right-hand threads, and for the other half of this length it has left-hand threads. To permit of its insertion when the other working parts, to be described, have been assembled on it, the front-end part 1' has its opening much larger than the screw dialneter; and a head 8 is keyed on the reduced end part of the screw 5', with a journal 8.i fitting in the opening to form the bearing for the screw at this end. Outside the end part 1' this head 8 comprises the flange 7 and the end part of the head is squared to receive a wrench.

For one-half its into the slot between the ribs 9, and with the downwardly projecting middle part 12 for part of the length of each jaw to guide the jaws parallel to the base and screw, and to each other." Each jaw has the recess 13 similar to that of the jaw-ot` Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive; and with a pin 14 trans-v versely through the jawi across the recess, as in that example, and having the collar 15 between the links 21.-

The facings 16 and 16" of these jaws 10 are provided similarly to those of the other example; but here I have illustrated how I provide for holding tapered or irregular pieces. Each jaw face 16 or 16" has, at its middle, from top to bottom, a bore 23"cut ting slightly through the face (Fig. 8,) and the auxiliary jaw 24 is provided, of the height and width of the jaws 10, having at its middle, running from top to bottom, a cylindrical detent-rib 25 joining the jaw 24 l by a neck 26 from which the adjacent side of the jaw 24 recedes out to its opposite ends; the opposite, or free, face of the jaw 24 being straight. The detent-rib 25 fits snugly in either bore 23, with the neck 26 extending out through the face where the bore cuts through and clearing the sides of the slot thus formed; so that theiauxiliary jaw 25 can swing in a ho rizontal plane with this rib 25 Ain the bore 23 as a bearing. Thus the straight face of the jaw 24 can adjust itself 'to one side of a tapered or irregularly shaped piece, the other side of which is held against the opposite jaw of the vise.

In this vise, the facings 16 and 16 both are mounted to escape the recesses 13'., avoiding recessing of their bottom edges, and aocommodating the bores 23 as just described. The nuts 18 are similar to the single nut of the previous example, withside parts V19" bearing up against the ribs 9 and the middle parts 20 receiving the links 21 on the' pins 22 transversely therein, to connect to Athe respective jaws 10 by means of the links 21 pivoting on the pins 14 thereof, and inclining downward in each jaw toward the other jaw. Also. these nuts 18.coact with the lugs 11 of the respective jaws 10 as beforefdescribed for those parts in the previous example.

Thus, when the screw 5 is turned in one direction, its oppositely directed threads will cause the nuts 18 to recede from each other, engaging the lugs 11 and forcing the jaws apart; and when turned in the opposite direction, the nuts 18 act through the links 21 to pull the jaws toward each other and to pull the jaws downward closely against their sliding bearings on the base Twomovable jaws 10 have theirv .with said guide.

top. Therefore the same advanta e'is derived for both jaws, that-is derive for the,

as I have found in practice.v

I also have found that, when an auxiliaryv jaw 24 1s used for holding a tapered or irreg-y ularly shaped iece in the vise,'it also will be prevented 23 makes it practically unitary with theljaw face containing the bore 23, so far as ,concerns up-and-down tilting, but leaves it \free to swivel sidewise as described herein. will be understood that the auxiliary jaw 24 is applicable to either the Afixed or movable jaw of the irst example; although I have illustrated it only with the vise having both jaws movable, it is not peculiar to that ex'- ample. l

In either example, the bearing of the nut s1de parts 19 or 19 up against the ribs .9 or 9 relieves the screw of the jaw-pulling re action as transmitted through the-links.

`.The vises are shown on' pedestals, 2.7 in lugs. l to'y 4, o1` 27 in Figs. 5 to 7 inclusive,

to swivel horizontally, asis usual with,

Shaper vises. However, it will be ui lerstood that these mountings, as well as details of construction of the vi: s themselves, may be varied, depending u; .in circumstances-or the type of vise require Therefore, while certain constructional details-are deemed preferable, and I have shown and described these rather specifically,

I do not wish to be understood as being limrom tilting up, because its long pivot-bearlng of its rib 25 in the bore' ited to such precise showing and description,

but having thus fully described my invention. whatvI claim as new and desire to ser other jaw, a guide for the mo'vablefja'w,`

forcing means below said jaws operatively related to said one jaw for simultaneously forcing said one-jaw toward said other jaw and toward said guide, and means rigid on said-one jaw, extendingifrom this jaw down to said forcing meansvwhereby said forcing means forces said 011e jaw-away from" said other jaw by pressure substantially parallel j 3. In a vise, a pair of'jaws, one jaw .be-

ing movable toward and 'away from the."v vother jaw, guiding means for said jaws, a

screw, a nut on said screw, a .member movablyengaging said nut and said one jaw, for simultaneously forcing one jaw toward the other jaw and toward said guiding means, and means rigid on said onejaw, ex-

tending from this jaw to said nut whereby said nut forces said one jaw away from the other jaw by ressure substantially parallel with said gui ing means.

4. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turning in said base on an axis lengthwise of said base, and a pair of jaws on said base, one of said jaws being vmovable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, a link connected tosaid screw for movement thereby and connected to said movable jaw and inclining away from said other jaw from said screw.

to said movable jaw. D

'5. In a vise, in combination with a base,

. a screw turning in said base on an axis l lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw `along said base, a link pivoted to saidl nut and pivoted to said movable jaw, iiiclined away from said other jaw from said nut to said movable jaw, and a guide along said base, on which said nut bears toward said movable jaw when moving toward said other jaw.

7. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turning in said base on an axis lengthwise of said base, andl a pair of jaws on said base, one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw along said base, a link pivoted to said nut and pivoted to said movable jaw, inclined away from said other jaw from said nut to said movable jaw, and a projection on said movable jaw, engaged by said nut when said nut moves away from said other jaw.

8. In a vise, 1n Vcombination with a base, a screw turning in said base on an axis f lengthwise of said base, and a pair of jaws on said base, one of said jaws being movablme lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, a nut moved by said screw along said base, a link, pivoted to said nut and pivoted to said movable jaw, inclined away. from said other jaw'rom said nut to said movable jaw, a projection on said movable jaw, engaged by said nut when said nut moves away from said other jaw, and a guidejalongv said base, on which said nut bears toward said movable jawwhen moving toward said other jaw.

9. In a vise, in combination with a base, a screw turningin said base onan axis lengthwise of said base, having oppositely disposed threads on opposite end parts, a pair of jaws on said base, each of said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, and links connected to respective oppositely threaded end parts of said screw for movement thereby in opposite directions, and connected to respective jaws and inclining away from each other from said screw to said jaws.

10. In a vise, in combination with a base and a screw turnin in said base on an axis lengthwise of said base, a, pair of jaws on saidbase, one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base, toward and away from the. other jaw and having a recess in .its bottom, a pin in said jaw transversely through said recess, a nut traveling along said screw having lower side parts and a higher mi dle part, links in said recess, pivoted on said pin and projecting to opposite sides of said middle art of said nut, a pin transversely throng said links and said middle part, and ribs along said base,-against which said side parts of said nut bear upward.

11. In a, vise, in combination with a base and a screw turning in said base on an axis lengthwise of said base, a pair of jaws on said base, one of said jaws being movable lengthwise along4 said base toward and away from the other jaw and having a recess in its bottom, a pin in said jaw transversely through said recess, a nut traveling along said screw, having lower side parts and a middle part, ribs along said base, againstIS which said side parts of said nut bear upward, and a projection on the bottom of said movable jaw, between said ribs, to be engaged by ysaid nut on movement away from said other jaw.

12. In a vise a .pair of jaws with substantially parallel faces, one of said jaws being movable toward and away from the other jaw, and one of said jaws having a bore substantially parallel with its face, cutting through said face in a segment of said bore, and an auxiliary jaw havinga neck extending through said jaw face where cut through, with a rib removably tting in said bore, whereby said auxiliaryjaw pivots in said bore to swing between said pair of jaws.

lll)

13. In a, vise, a pair of movable jaws, one jaw being movable towardandaway from the other jaw, a guide for this one jaw, and forcing means for simultaneously forcin said one jaw toward said other jaw an forcing both of said jaws toward said guide.

14. In a vise, in combina-tion with a. base,

.a pair of jaws on said base, both movably mounted, one of'said jaws being movable lengthwise along said base toward and away from the other jaw, a screw extending along said base, a link connected' to a` threaded part of said screw for movementl thereby along said base and connected to said one of said jaws, and a link connected'to another part of said screw whereby it allows the screw to turn, and connected to theother one of said jaws, said links inclining away from each other from said screw to said jaws. l

15. Ina vise, a pair of `aws, one of said jaws being movable toWa-r and away from the other jaw, and one of said jaws being tiltable in a certain plane relativelyzto the other jaw, and means 'to prevent tilting of end of sai lar er opening and forming a journal for onejaw away from the .other in another I plane when an object is clamped between said jaws. v r

16. In a vise, in combination with a base 'having a lengthwise slot and openings in its opposite ends, at the ends of said slot, a

screw in said slot with its end parts in said openin and having .oppositely disposed threa s on opposite end parts, a pair of jaws movable along said slot, operative connections from the respective jaws to said ,l oppositely disposed threads, to be assembled assembled thereon, and.- a head fixed oni` said'screw,dprojeeting outside the respective base, and projecting into said screw in said opening.

v HENRY R. BOTHWELL.

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