US1451859A

US1451859A - Rotary compressor

Info

Publication number: US1451859A
Application number: US456416A
Authority: US
Inventors: Balcker Marten
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1921-03-28
Filing date: 1921-03-28
Publication date: 1923-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 1940-04-17

Description

W, w23, M. BALCKER ROTARY COMPRES S OR Filed March 28 19.21 2 sheets-shee-a 1 ROTARY COMPRESSOR Filed March 28 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 M l N A a 'Patented Apr.. il?, lZ.

MARTEN BALCKEB., OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNUR T0 JOHN NELSON, OF CHICAGO,

- ILLINGES.

normar comraiesson.

Application led March 28, 1921. Serial No. 456,416'.

To alt/whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTEN BALoKnR, acitizen of the United States, residin at Chicago, in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Rotary Compressors, of which the following is a speciication.

This invention relates' in general to compressors adapted to compress air and other fluids, and pertains more particularly to the type commonly known as rotary com-- pressors.

One of the primary purposes of my present invention is to provide a compressor of this type, which will eii'ectually preclude leakage fromthe delivery side back to the intake side of the compressor, thereby resulting in a compressor of high eiiciency which is capable of producing higher pressures than can customarily be obtained with rotary compressors heretofore manufactured.

Another purpose of my invention is to provide for adequate and effectual lubricaltion of the moving parts so that they will not stick and to insure this lubrication by delivering the oil under the pressure existing at the delivery side of the compressor so that the pressure of the oil is increased pro ortionat'ely to the work being performed y t e compressor.

A further object of the 'invention is to provide a com ressor which will consist of few parts, so t at it can be cheaply manufactured and readily assembled, and one which will not be liable to get out of order, and which will be eilicient and extremely durable.

Other objects and many ofthe inhereit advantages of this invention should be readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood, by reference yto 'the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1v is a transverse sectional view through a compressor embodying my invention; and

Figs. 2 and 3 are longitudinal vertical and horizontal sectional views taken on the lines 2--2 and 3-3 respectively of Fig. 1.

Referring nov:r to the drawings more in detail, reference character 5 indicates generally the casing 4of my improved compressor, the casing being of any preferred construction, but' for convenience of manufacoverlies the margin of the end 7 and threaded intotapped openings in the opposed face of the body member. Asuitable gasket 11 1s preferably interposed vbetween the ring 8 and the faces against which it lies to insure against leakage at thisjoint.

The end walls of the casing are shaped to form

bearings

12 and 13 respectively, in which the shaft 14.- of the rotor 15 is journaled, and also to provide bearings 16 and 17 respectively directly beneath the rotorl shaft in which the shaft 18 of the sealing device 19 is journaled.' The

bearings

12 and 13 are equipped with suitable bushings 21 and the end ofthe bearing 12 is referably closed by a plug 22 which preclu es leakage of oil at this point. The opposite end of the shaft 14 extends outwardly beyond the bearing 13 for connection to fany suitable source of power by which the rotor is driven and leak- -age around the shaft at this end is prevented by a packing gland 23 of any approved construction. Similarly, the end of bearing 17 is closed b .a plug 24 and leakage around the projecting end of shaft 18 at'the opposite end of the casing is precluded by a packing gland 25.

The rotor 15, as will be apparent from Fig. 1, is of generally elliptical'shape in transverse cross section, and the vupper por- Vvtion ofthe casing,V indicated by reference poses, this upper portion of the casing' is preferably equipped with radiating ribs 28 to dissipate the excess heat produced by the operation of the machine.

The casing is also formed to provide at one side, the intake passage 29 and at the opposite side, to provide the delivery passtruction.

sage 31. The delivery pipe 32 connected to this passage, is provided with a check valve 33 of usual or any preferred con- While the upper portion of the casing substantially fits the rotor, as previously exp1ained,. the lower portion is enlarged to provide an oil chamber34, and directly beneath the rotor, this chamber is interiorly curved to provide a pocket or recess 35, in which the arcuate outer wall of the sealing device 19 Vsnugly but slidingly lits. This oil chamber may be filled with oil by removal of the lling plug 30, and the normal oil level 'in the chamber is shown in Fig. 1, The chamber may be drained of the oil whenever necessary by removal of the drain plug'40.

It will be observed that the delivery passage 31 is simply the. upper portion of the oil chamber 34, and consequently, 'the pressure produced in this passage by the operation of the rotor is exerted directly upon the oil in this chamber so that the pressure of the oil is exerted upon the sealing device or blade 19. From Fig. 1,it will be observed that the upper radius of this device is shorter than the lower radius, or, in other words ,that the distance from the center A to point yB is less than the distance from the center A to point C. The area of thelsurface AC exposed'to the oil pressure is therefore greater than the area AB, with the result that the upper edge of .the sealing device is urged against and in contact with the rotating perimeter of the rotor 15 toprovide a Seal at this point which divides the intake passage from the delivery passage, and obviously, the pressure exerted on this line' of contact is directly proportional to the pressure created in the deliv`- ery passage 31. This seal therefore -prevents the escape of air from thedelivery back to the intake side of the machine below the rotor, and leakage of air at this point is further insured against by the fact that thispoint is always submerged in the oil s0 that no air canobtain access to the jecting laterally from an arm 39 which is vfixed by a pin 41, or'otherwise, to the projectingend of the blade shaft 18, as will be apparent from Fig. 2.

From Fig. 3 it will be observed that the l delivery passage 31 is open to the periphery of the rotor thru a port of large area between the inwardly projecting walls or ribs '42 and 43,'which are provided for leakage prevention, but the intake passage 29 at the opposite side of the machine communic'ates with the rotor through -a long, but relatively narrow port 44, the areaof which, however, is substantially equal to the cross sectional area of the intake passage 29. Inwardly of this port 44 and between the port and the upper end of the sealingdev'ice 19, the chamber extends the full length of the casing so that air entering through the port when the short radius Vof the rotor i's opposite the port, will fill the chamber and be trapped ahead of the following long radius of the rotor, and carried thereby around and above the rotor to the delivery side of the casing. While -the sealing device 19 will closely hug the perimeter of the rotating rotor as the same travels in a clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 1, nevertheless, the direction of travel of the rotor and the irregularity in its lcontour will cause a small quantity of oil to leak past the sealing device into'the chamber at the left hand side thereof, viewing Fig. 1, and immediately beneath the port 44; Since the oil in this chamber will extend from end to end in the casing, and since the port 44 is relatively narrow, it will be obvious that -avportion of thispil will be picked up by the long'radius portion of the rotor and carried with the air also trapped above the oil, around to the delivery side of the casing. Centrifugal force will cause this trapped oil tocollect at the outer end of the rotor, as indicatedby reference character 45 (Fig. 1), and this oil therefore, forms a seal between the rotor and the concentric upper portion of the casing so as to efectually preclude leakage of air back past the rotor at its perimeter. All of the air trapped in the upper portion of the casing will therefore be delivered, together with the oil seal, into the delivery passage 31 of the casing, Where the oil will collect in the. chamber 34, while the air will be delivered under pressure through'. the pipe 32. At e-ach half revolution of the rotor, therefore, a small quantity 0f oil will be displaced under pressure from the right hand side to' the left hand side, viewing Fig. 1 of the sealing device 19, and atthe same time, this displaced oil will be picked up by the rotor and returned to the ldelivery sideV of the casing` the oil serving in its return passage as a liquid seal betweenthe rotor-and the casing to prevent leakage of air. It will thus be apparent that both the upperand lower sides of the rotor are eectually sealed by oil against leakage of air from the delivery to the intake side of the casing. p

For the purpose of preventing leakage of, air past the ends of the rotor, I.. have also provided for an oil seal at these ends, and for that purpose, leach end of the rotor is provided with a plurality of radially disposed v Merate

grooves

46 and 47, the grooves 46 being disposed on the short radius and the grooves 47 on the long radius of the rotor. The outer ends of these grooves are closed, as shown, and the inner ends of grooves 46 at opposite ends of the casing are connected by passageways 48, while similarly, the grooves 47 at opposite ends of the rotor are connected by passage-ways 49. All of the radial grooves at each end of the rotor are also connected by an annular groove 51 so that oil delivered to this groove will be thrown by centrifugal force into the radial grooves, thus keeping them filled with oil to form seals at the ends of.the rotor.

The oil is supplied to these sealing rooves under pressure from the oil cham er 34 through a suitable passage which, in the present instance, is formed in the end wall ofthe casing and comprises an inclined portion 52 opening at its inner end into the opposed groove 51 and closedat its outer end by a plug 53, a second passage 54 opening at its upper end into the passage 52, and closed at its lower end by a plug 55 and a lateral passage 56 extending from the passage 54 into the chamber 34. rlhese passages are shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 for purposes of clarity, although strictly, they would not appear in this figure. It will be apparent, therefore, that oil will be delivered under pressure from the chamber 34 to the grooves at both ends of the rotor, and also to the bearings for the rotor shaft 14. keeping these bearings thoroughly lubricated, and at the same time. keeping the sealing grooves full of oil under pressure, resulting from the pressure exerted on the oil in the chamber 34, and also from the centrifugal force exerted upon the oil and the `grooves themselves by the rotation of the rotor. An effectual oil seal is therefore provided'at each end of the rotor, which vprecludes leakage of air past the ends of the rotor, and since both the top and bottom,

of the rotor are also eii'ectually oil-sealed, as previously explained, it will be apparent that the oil seals around the perimeter and at the ends of the rotor effectually preclude anv leakage of air from the high pressure deliveryv side to the low pressure intake side of the, compressor.

lt will be apparent from the foregoing that l have provided a compressor which comprises only two moving parts, namely, the rotor and the sealing device: that the rotor is etfectually sealed by an oil seal under pressure against leakage. and that the, device is at all times thorough-ly lubricated by oil bodiment, it should be obvious that the invention may be incorporated in structures differing materially in their detalls of construction from that shown and described,

without departing from the essence of the invention as defined in the following claims.

I claim: 1. A compressor, comprising a casing provided with inlet and delivery passages, an elliptical rotor in said casing, a pivoted sealing member engaging the lower portion of said rotor, an oil seal in which said sealing member and the lower portion of said rotor are submerged, and means for maintaining an oil seal between said casingand the end walls of said rotor, said sealing device having a portion exposed to the pressure of said oil seal whereby close contact is maintained between said sealing device and the periphery of said rotor.

2. A compressor, comprising a casing provided with inlet and delivery passages, a portion of the casing below said passages being shaped to form an oil chamber, a rotor mounted in said casing concentrically with the upper portion thereof with its lower p'ortion submerged in the oil in said chamber. and a sealing device pivotally mounted in said oil chamber in position to engage said rotor, said sealing device presenting 'a surface to the oilin said chamber under the pressure of the delivery side of the compressor whereby said device is maintained by said pressure in engagement with said rotor.

portion of said casing being concentric with the rotor and the lower portion being shaped to provide an oil chamber, inlet and delivery passages communicating with said chamber above the oil therein, a pivotally mounted sealing device disposed beneath said rotor and submerged in the oil in said chamber, said device having an area exposed to the 'oil under thc pressure of the delivery side of thel casing whereby said device is rocked on itspivot into' engagement with the periphery of said rotor, means for maintaining an oil seal between the upper portion of said casing and the perimeter of the rotor, and means for maintaining an oil seal under the pressure exerted upon the oilwithin said easing between the end walls 'of said casing and the opposed end faces of said rotor.

4. A compressor, comprising a casing prod. A compressor, comprising a casing, an elliptical rotor mounted therein, the upper lou vided at opposite sides with intake and delivery passages respectively, a rotor in said casing, and means .for maintaining a liquid seal under pressure between the intake and delivery sides of said casing. 4

5I A compressor, comprising a casing provided with intake and delivery passages at 'opposite sides thereof, a rotor rotatably mounted within said casing, the upper portion of the casing being formed concentricaliy with. the axis of rotation of said rotor, and means for maintaining .a liquid seal between the opposed faces of'said rotor and casing. t

6. A compressor, comprising a casing providing an oil chamber in the lower portion thereof, an integral elliptical rotor mounted therein and partially submerged in said chamber, grooves formed in the ends of said rotor, passages through the rotor connecting the grooves at the ends 'of the rotor, a sealing device submerged in said chamber and engaging the perimeter of said rotor to 4seal the outlet from the inlet of the casing, and a passage for delivering oil under pressure from said chamber to the grooves and passages of said. rotor to eii'ect an oil seal bletween the' ends of said rotor and the opposed end walls of said casing. Y

7. A compressor, comprising a casing, an elliptical rotor mountedin said casing, the upper portion ofvsaid casing being formed concentrically with the axis of rotation of the rotor and the lower portion being formed to provide an oil chamber, an inlet passage communicating with one side of said chamD ber, a delivery passage communicating with vthe other side thereof, a sealing device submerged in said chamber beneath the rotor and constructed to be maintained in contact with said rotor by the pressure in the delivery side of the casing, said rotor being provide an oil seal between said rotor and the casing.

8. A compressor, comprising a casing provided witli. intake and delivery passages, an oil chamber connecting said passa es, a sealing device disposed in said oil c amber, a rotor mounted in said casing and adapted to peripherally Contact with said sealing device, and means for supplying oil under pressure from said chamber to the ends of said rotor to maintain an oil seal between said ends and the end walls of the casing7 said casing being so shaped that oil in the intake side of said chamber will be carried by said rotor to the delivery side thereof.

9. A compressor, comprising a casing providing an oil chamber in the lower portion thereof, an elliptical rotor mounted in said casing, and partially submerged in the oil in said chamber, the ends of said rotor being provided with radially disposed grooves, a connection through the rotor between the grooves at opposite ends of said rotor, a sealing device submerged in said chamber and a passage through which oil is supplied under pressure produced by said rotor from said chamber to said ooves.

' l TEN BALCKER.