US1445799A - Sqbebt - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1923. 1,445,799

A R. L. POE

sToyE AND FURNACE Filed May 28, 1920 10 Inventor: fiobei t LFaaj if? JM QQW,MWM

Patented Feb. 26, 1923,

nane noBEnrn-ron, or onrcneo, ILLINQIS.

' srovn Ann runnncn.

' Apphcation filed May 28,

L To aZZ whOm' it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, ROBERT 'L Pon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State" of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements infStoves and F urnaces,

I of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in stoves andyfurnaceafland more particularly tothe fire-box'linings thereof, the present lmprovements'belng designed primarily for use in connection wlth ranges such as disclosed in my prior co-pe'nding applications Ser. Nos. 98,532 and 291,668, filed'May 19, 1916, and vApril 21, 1919, respectively.

One 'of the important features in operation sought to be accomplished in these prior structures is the introduction of pre-heated air through the sides of the fire-box into the latter above the normal level of the fuel therein; to increase and promote-combustion; and to effect a substantially complete consumption of the products of combustion burning as the latter rise from the bed of fuel.

Obviously, in order'to accomplish these resultsit is necessary inthe operationiof these ranges to keep the level of the fuel therein below the openings through which the heated air is drawn, for otherwise the air supply would be cut off, and the combustion therefore rendered very inefiicient. In practice-it has been found that the persons ordinarily in charge of a range after its installation, even though explicity instructed as to the .manner in which it should be operated, do not exercise the requlsitedegree of care, oftentimes filling the fire-box to a level above the air outlet openings. This not only renders the combustion inefficient, by reason of thereduced air supply, but in'a comparatively short time causes the fire-box lining to become over-heated, with the resuit that it is soon burned out. Furthermore, it has been found that after a lire-box has been filled several times above the air outlet openings, said openings very often become clogged or stoppedup, so that the air supply is rendered negligible, even though the fuel level later falls below said openings.

Another objection arising, due to careless ness in operation of these ranges, is the gradual filling up. of the aircirculation spaces on either Sldfi. of the fire-box, by reason of small fragments of fuel, ashes, etc.,

1920. Serial No. 384,811.

dropping into these spaces through said outlet openings. .-All of these objections, as above indicated, are due to carelessness in operating, and not to any fault in the con struction or design of the ranges.

The present invention contemplates anim proved firebox lining which, when installed in a range of the type'abov'e described, will avoid the objections above noted. Briefly stated, theyinvention comprises a multiple chamber fire-box'lining, the outermost chamber of which is adapted t ocom'municate with the air-heatingpassage ofthe range, openings of special design to'prevent clogging thereof being provided in the lining for ad, mitting the heated air fromsaidflp'assage intothe fire-box, and the innermost chamber of;

the lining being provided with a'bottom outlet leading into the ash-pit of therange to permit of fuel, ashes, etc., which may fall through said openings, dropping into said pit. I

Other objects and advantages'of the presentimprovements will become apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein one form 0f theinvention is illustrated. V g

Figure l is a verticalsectional view of a range, showing one form of the present improvements embodied therein;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view, taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; w

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of one of the fire-box lining members, i

' Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view,

taken on the l1ne 4-4 of Fig. 3 and e Fig. 5 is a sectional view, taken on the line '5-5 of Fig. 3. y

1 Referring morein detail to the drawings, the range comprises an outer casing 10, having front and rear walls 1O and lO", respectively, and end walls 10 and 10 Located within the casing are one or more ovens 11 extending from the front to the rear wall of the casing and spaced at theirsides, top, and bottom from each other and from the casing. to provide circulation spaces for the hot gases, Extending along the bottom of the range, substantially from one end of the casing to theother, is an air-heating passage 12, supported on the top plate of which. near one end of the casing, are two upstanding plates 13,, whichforin the side walls of the ash-pit 14. These side walls are spaced inwardly from the end wall of the casing and from the Wall of the adjacent oven, respectively, so as to form air chambers 15. each of which communicates with the airheating passage 12 by means of a series of apertures 16 provided in the top plate of said assa e, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. he side walls 13 are preferably held rigidly in position by means of bolts 17 or other suitable fastening elements, the bolts shown in the present disclosure being provided with spacing elements in the form of collars 18, through which said bolts extend.

Immediatel above theash-pit 14 of the rim e is the re-box 19, the front and rear walls of the casin 10 formin the front and rear walls of sai box as well as the front and rear walls of the ash-pit. The improved fire-box linings 20 form the side walls of the fire-box, these linings being preferably of cast metal and comprising substantially vertically disposed spaced apart walls 20 and 20!, and a rearwardly extending top wall or plate 20, this latter plate being designed for attachment to or connection with the adjacent structure of the range, as at 21 and 22, in order to aid in securing or holding the lining in proper position. The linings are preferably mounted in position within the range so that the walls 20 thereof are in substantial alinement with the side walls 13 of the ashit, these walls of the lining units being pro erably Slightly longer than the walls 20, so that when the units are in position, as shown in Fig. 1, the lower edges of said walls 20 overlap the upper edges of the walls 13 of the ash-pit and bear upon the spacing elements 18. y

Interposed between the walls 20 and 20 of the linings are a plurality of spacing and reinforcing elements 20, the lowermost se ries of these elements of each unit coacting with the upper edges of the side walls 13 of the ash-pit in providing additional support for the linings. Pro'ecting 'rearwardly from the walls 20 of t e units are further reinforcing elements 20*, these elements be ing in the form of elon ated ribs extending throughout the height 0 the linings and also serving as spacing elements when the linings are in position, by engaging the adjacent end wall of the casin in the one instance and the side wall of t e adjacent oven in the other instance. These spacing ribs 2O are preferably of such width as to maintain a close engagement between the ash-pit Walls 13 and the walls 20 of the units. The chambers or spaces intermediate the walls 20 of the linings and the adjacent structure of the range constitute, in effect. continuations of the air chambers 15.

Elongated, horizontally disposed slots 20 are provided in the walls 20 of the linings, near the lower edges thereof, and long, narrow, vertically disposed slots 20 are ro- I which passage said air passes upwardly through the openings 16 into the air chambers 15 on either side of the ash-pit and fire-box, in which chambers said air is further heated'e'specially during its travel adjacent the fire-box linings. This highly heated air is then drawn through the open ings 20 in the plates or walls 20" of the linings, and out into the fire-box through the outlet slots and aertures 20' and 20, re-

spectively. The air admitted into the fircbox below the fuel level tends to enhance the combustion of the fuel proper, while the air admitted into said box above said level serves to effect a substantially complete consumption of the products of combustion as the latter rise from the bed of burning fuel.

Inorder to prevent the formation of a deadair space in the upper portions of the air chambers 15, adjacent the top plates 20 of the linings, a series of apertures 20 are provided in each of the plates 20 just below said top plates, so that any heated'air which may pass above the openings 20' may pass through said apertures and into the fire-box along with the other currents of air. Each of the side linings'is provided, intermediate the front and rear walls of the fire 'box, with an outstanding lug 24, which lugs are designed to receive and support the rear of the fire grate 25, the front end of said grate being supported in the usual manner (not shown) by means of a pin projected through the front wall of the casing and engaging a suitable recess in the front transverse bar of the grate. The portions of the grate which engage the lugs 24 are arched out so as to, in e ect, pivot on said lugs when the pin supporting the front end of the grate withdrawn. In this manner the contents of the fire-box are dumped, it merely being necessary in replacing the grate. in operative position to press down on the rear end thereof with a poker, or other suitable tool. so that the grate pivots on the lugs and the front end thus raised to proper position to.- receiving the retaining or supporting pm.

From the construction of the fire-box linings, and their arrangement within the range relative to the ash pit and the air chambers on either side thereof, it will be apparent that side linings for the fire-box are p'rovided, comprising substantially three-spaced apart walls forming inner and outer vertically disposed chambers, the latter forming continuations of the air chambers and the former opening into the ash-pit along the lower edge of the lining. ()penings are provided in the walls and 20 of the linings to permit of the passage of heated air from the air chambers into the fire-box, above described, while the inner chambers opening downwardly into the ash-pit permit of all fragments of fuel ashes, as, which may fall through the outlet openings 20 and :20 provided in the plates 20" of the linings dropping into the ash-pit, thereby precluding the possibility of the air chambers or the openings, forming communication between said chambers and the air passage 12, becoming clogged or filled up. The long, narrow outlet slots provided in the linings serve to ad mit air into and above the fuel in the fire box, resulting in very desirable advantage in combustion. and the consumption of the products thereof. The walls of the outlet slots 2O are preferably tapered rearwardly, or away from, the fire-box, so that the out let portions of such slots are more restricted than the rear portions thereof, and in this manner clogging of said slots is prevented.

The hot gases driven off from the fire-box are passed around the ovens prior to their passage through the flue 26, the usual damper 27 being, provided for regulating the draft, and a damper 28 is provided to regulate or control the passage of the hot gases around the ovens.

Each side lining is preferably made up of a plurality of sections secured in position, as shown, although it will be readily understood that if desired the sections may be made sufficiently long so that only one will be required on each side. While fire linings of the present improvements have been described and shown in connection with a range,

it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that the same are of more general use and adaptation, and that they may with sligl'it change be used in stoves and furnaces generally. It will also be obvious to those skilled in the art that the present improvements are susceptible of various changes and modifications within the spirit of the invention; and it is therefore not desired to limit the same to the particular form or an rangement herein described and illustrated, except as defined in the appended claims.

I claim 1. The combination in a range having fire-box and ash-pit, of air chambers on either side of said box and pit communicating with a bottom air-heating passage,

and a hollow lining to said ilZG-lJOZC open-' ing along its bottom into said pit and through its rear walls into said an chambers, the front walls of said lining being provided with openings leading into said firebox.

2. A fire-box lining comprising spaced apart front and rear walls, openings in both said walls to permit oi" the circulation of air from behind said lining through the same and into said firebox, the spaces between said'walls opening along the lower edge of said lining exteriorly thereof to permit of the escape of fuel and ashes which nay drop through the front wall openings.

3. In a range, a casing, an oven mounted therein, an air passage extending along the bottom of said range beneath said oven, an ash-pit spaced from said oven and the end wall ofsaid casing to provide air chambers, openings in said air passage providing communication between the latter and said chambers, an inlet at the far end of said passage, a fire-box mounted above said ash-pit and having side linings spaced from said oven and said end wall of the casing, respectively, to provide, continuations of said air chambers, chambers in said linings intermediate said air chambers and fire-box, said lining chambers opening into said ash-pit, and openings in said linings providing communication between said air chambers and the interior of said fire-box.

42. In a stove, a multiple chamber fire-box lining, said chambers opening along their lower edges, one communicating with the ash-pit and the other with an air-heating passage of said stove, and openings in the walls oi said lining for admitting the heated air from said passage into the fire-box.

5. In combination, a casing, a fire-box, an ash-pit mounted therein, said lire-box having a triple walled lining, the walls being spaced apart to provide chambers, an air heating passage having an inlet at one end exterior of said casing and communicating with the outermost chamber or" said lining at is other end, openings in the intermediate and inner walls of said lining to permit of heated air from said passage entering said fire-box, the inner chamber opening at its bottom into said. ash-pit.

6. In a range, a casing, a fire-box and ash-pit mounted therein, the latter being spaced from the adjacent structure of the range to provide an air chamber an airheating passage communicating with said chanil'ser at one end and provided with an inlet at its other end, said fire-box being provided with mnltiplechainber lining, the innermost chamber thereof opening into said ash-pit and the outermost chamber communicating with said air chamber, and open ings in said lining to permit of the circulation of heated air from said air chamber into said fire-box,

7. In a stove, a multiple chamber fire-box lining provided with means for admitting air from its outermost chamber into the lirebox and having an outlet in its innermost chamber adapted to open into the ash-pit of said stove.

8. The combination in a stove having a fire-box, ash-pit and air heating passage, of a lining for said tire-ho); naving two substantially vertically disposed chambers one opening into said ashpit and the other communicating with said passage, and openings in sairl. lining to permit of air passing therethrough from said passage into said firebox.

9. In a stove, a fire-box lining having spaced apart walls forming a chamber, the latter opening into the ash-pit of said stove means for supplying heated air to said chamber through the outer Wall thereof, and

Ya plurality of openings in the inner wall of said chamber to admit said heated air into the fire-box.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

ROBERT L. POE.-

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