US1445093A - Apparatus for drying - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 1923.

E. P. LIN DAHL APPARATUS FOR DRYING 6 sheets-sheet 1 F1166 NOV. 11. 1918 Feb. 13, 1923.

E. P. LINDAHL APPARATUS FOR DRYING 6 sheets-sheet 2 av, hi 3 Filed Nov.

Feh'IB, 1923. 1, 4 93- E. P. LINDAHL APPARATUS FOR DRYING Filed Nov. 11, 1918 6 sheets-sheet 5 o o 4 50 1a 1q 8| 2% 235 v 34 2% I zzq ZBI M a n 6 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Nov. 11, 1918 l'IS Feb. 13, 1923.

E. P. LINDAHL APPARATUS FOR DRYING Filed Nov. 11, 1918 6 sheets-sheet 5 M \NVENTQR F b. 13, 1923. 1,445,093 E. P. LINDAHL APPARATUS FOR DRYING Fnd Nov. 11, 1918 6 sheets-sheet 6 M il il a A; AW: A

\m vEWroR Patented eb. 13, 1923.

ERICK P. LINDAHL, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE ICY-HOT BO'ITLE COM- PANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

APPARATUS FOR DRYING.

Application filed November 11, 1918. Serial No. 261,978.

T 0 all whom it may cmwemt:

Be it known that I, ERICK P. LINDAHL, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Pleasant Ridge, in the city of Cincinnati.- county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Drying, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to new and improved means of drying the inner surfaces of the walls of cavities in articles, and is exemplified as employed in drying the spaces and the inner surfaces of the walls of the spaces intended for heat-insulation in doublewalled vessels.

It is the practice in manufacturing vacuum-insulated vessels, such as bottles, jars, pots, pitchers, carafes, and the like, or fillers for the same, made of glass or frangible material, to provide the inner surface of the wall of the vacuum space with a coating of silver composition, which is applied as a wet solution, and is rinsed with a rinsing fluid.

It has been found heretofore in practice that drops or globules of moisture will collect on the walls, especially adjacent to the o enin throu h which the silvering solu- P b g tion has been applied or the residue thereof or the rinsing fluid has been removed. The surface of the wallwhere a drop or globule has been located and allowed to remain for a time shows a defect due to such drop of globule. When the inner surface of the wall of a double-walled glass vessel is coated with a silvering coating, the wall shows a mirror surface, and any drop or globule of the silvering solution or fluid employed in rinsing the same, which is allowed to remain on the silvered surface for a substantial period of time, shows a defect.

in the mirror-surface.

It is the object of my invention to provide new and improved means of drying whereby to avoid these objections.

It is the object of my invention further to provide new'and improved means for accomplishing the drying; further, to provide new and improved meansfor causing suction in the space the wall of which is being a dried; and further,toprovide novel means whereby moisture. is removed from the space by suction or vacuum 1n the presence of heat.

- further, to

and claims,

It is the object of my invention, further, to provide 'a carrier and novel means for supporting the articles, further to provide novel suction or vacuum means for holding the articles; further to provide novel means 'or controlling the vacuum or suction by the article; further, to provide novel means for automatically controlling the suction or vacuum at predetermined points in the path of travel of the article holding means; and, provide novel discharging means for the articles.

The invention will be further readily understood from the following description and from the drawings, in which latter;

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an exemplified mechanism by means of which my improved method may be performed, the apparatus being partly broken away.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, partly broken away.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional detail on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4' is a plan view of the driving mechanisin.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 6 is a detail showing the suction or vacuum connections between the suction or vacuum supplying means and the rotary carrier, 2partly in section on the .line'6-6 of Fi 7 is a plan view chain er, partly broken away, taken on the line 7( of Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a vertical cross-section of the same, taken on the line 88 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is an annular section of the same, taken on.the line 9-9 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the carrier,-showing the bottle-supports.

Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the same,

one of the bottle-supports being shown in;

section of the drying Fig. 15 is aside elevation of the valvea mechanism, partly in section on a line 1515 of Fig. 10, showing the valve in open relation.

Fig. 16 is a similar view. showing the valve in closed relation; and.

Fig. 17 is a cross-section of the off-conveyor on the line 1717 of Fig. :2. shown in connection with a portion of the carrier of the drying'mechanism, the latter in side elevation. and showing the automatic tripping mechanism for release of the bottles on the carrier in side elevation.

I have exemplified my invention as employed in drying the space and the inner surface of the wall of the space intended for heat-insulation in a double-walled glass vessel, designated generally by the numeral 21, and exemplified as comprising an inner wall 22 and an outer wall 23. having a space 24 between the walls. the walls being connected at the mouth of the vessel by the cross-seal 25. usually formed by fusing together the mouth-ends of the inner and outer walls. (See Figs. 1, 2. 11 and 17). In the present exemplifi-ation the inner wall is formed with a rounded bottom 26 and the outer wall is formed with a rounded bottom 27 having an opening 28 therein into said space, the opening being in a teat 29 of said bottom. The inner surface of the wall of the space is provided with a silvering coating 30. which is preferably applied.

for instance. through the opening 28. as a wet solution containing a suitable reagent. and caused to move upon said inner surface for depositing the silvering coating on said inner surface, whereupon the residue of said solution is withdrawn from said space. as through the openin 28. the said space and said inner surface being then immediately rinsed by a rinsing fluid. for instance as shown. described and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 172.653. filed June t. 1917. for coating apparatus and method of coating. issued as Patent No. 1.338.782. dated May 4. 192A).

My invention is intended to remove the globules or drops of moisture which may remain on the surface of the wall. of the space after the coating or rinsing. without detrimental effect upon the coating. For accomplishing this I rarefy the air in the space, the 'wall of which has been coated. or coated and rinsed. during the drying of said wall, preferably in the presence of heat. whereby the drops or globulesare dissipated.'or readily spread and vaporized, the vapor as formed being withdrawn by suction or vacuum.

The exemplified apparatus contains a carrier 36 which comprises supports 37 having vacuum or suction passages 38 communicating with the openings 28, and movable through a drying atmosphere...exemplified as in a casing 39 heated in suitable manner, as

by gas-jets fed by suitable gas-pipes 40. (See Figs-l. 2'. I. H and 9 The 'arrier Mi is exemplified as a rotary carrier comprising a central member -l1 having a bearing 42. journaled about a pipe 43 having connection with a suitable source of suction or vacuum controlled by a suitable valve 1. The pipe is fixed in a bearing 45 of the frame 46 of the machine. (See Figs. 1. 2, at, 5 and 6). The central member is shown comprising a central gear 47.

joint (See Figs. 4. 5 and 6). The manifold has radiating arms 59. having-radiating passages (50 therein. communicating through the rotary joint with the bore of the pipe 43. The respective pipes 51 connect with the respective radiating arms of the manifold, preferably by means of flexible tubes 62. Each of the flexible tubes comprises a rubber hose supported against collapse by means of a helical spring (53. The outer ends of the hoses are received about the respective, pipes. Xipples 6-1: are received Within the inner ends of the tubes (32. Suitable joints 65, shown as frusto-conical joints. are between the nipples and the radiating arms of the manifold. The flexible tubes and the springs'insure continued firm seating of the faces of the joints ($5 and centralized positioning of the upper member of the joint 58. and firm seating of the latter on the lower member of said joint during operation of the device. I y l The pipes areal-ranged to have suction. or preferably a' high va-uum therein. desired vacuum may be a vacuum of. approximately twenty-seven inches. although this may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The brackets it) are provided with yokes 66 in which rollers 67 rotate. the rollers rolling on a track 68, exemplified as a rigid part of the main frame.

Suitable means are-provided for rotating the carrier. exemplified as a gear 71. which meshes with the gear *7. The gear 71 is fixed to ashaft 72. journa-led in bearings 73 of the frame of the machine. (See Figs. 1. 2. 4t and 5). A ratchet-wheel 75 is fixed to the shaft. A lever 76 is pivoted about the shaftand has a pawl 77 thereon urged into engagement with the teeth of the ratchetwheel by a spring 78 on a link 79, articulated with the lever 76 by an articulation 80. The link 79 is articulated on the articulation 81 with a lever 82, pivoted at 83 to a bracket 84 extending from the track.

The lever 82 has a slot 85 therein, in which a crank-pin 86 is received. The crank-pin is on a crank-plate 87, fixed to a shaft 88, journaled in a bearing 89 of a column 90 extending from a floor-stand 91, arranged to be rigidly positioned with relation to the main frame. The shaft 88 is rotated by meansof a bevel-gear 95 fixed to said shaft and rotated by a bevel-gear 96. The bevelgear 96 rotates loosely about a shaft 97 and has a gear 98 secured thereto.

The gear 98 is meshed by a pinion 100 fixed to a shaft 101, journaled. in bearings 102 in the column 90. A gear 104 is fixed to the shaft 101 and is meshed by a pinion 105 fixed to the shaft 97. The shaft'97 is journaled in bearings 106 of the column and in bearings 107 of a pillow-block 108. A worm-wheel 109 is fixed to the shaft 97, and is meshed by a worm. 110 fixed to a shaft 111, operated by a suitable electric motor The shaft 111 may have a suitableflexible coupling 113 therein to relieve the strains of the intermittent starting of the carrier and prevent shaking of the bottles carried thereby.

The carrier is exemplified as comprising means for supporting a ilarge number of articles, shown as vessels or blanks, and hereinafter for convenience referred to as bottles. The carrier in the present exemplification comprises the annular pipe 53 which is supported by the pipes 51-. In the present exemplification means are provided for supporting the bottles and also for moving the bottles off their supports. These means are arranged around the rotary carrier or support, and preferably'comprise means for securing the same in annular arrangementabout the annular pipe-53,-'and are exemplified as clamped about the annular" pipe in suitable and adjusted positions for properly locating the same with relation to each other.

Instancing this arrangement,- there are saddles 121, shown as'two-part saddles, ar-

ranged to'be clamped about the pipe 53, the

' .vacuum c ucks on pedestals 125, on each of same being provided with segments 122, re-

ceived at the respective sides of the pipe,

screws 123 and nuts 124 clamping the segmentsin fixed relation about the pipe. (See .Figs'. 8-13 and Figs. 14 and 17). The

saddles are instanced as each comprising a pair of bottle supports and bottle lifters.

The su ports are instanced as suction or which there is a bottle seat 126, the bottle "seat being, shown as a body lo-f cushion material, for instance of leather or rubber, having a cavity 127 surrounded by a lip 128.

a tubular portion integral therewith received,

about a cushion tube 133, shown as a piece of rubber hose, having connection 134 with the pedestal.

The seat, tube and pedestal have the passage 38 therethrough, provided with a branch 138 extending through the side of the. saddle and forming a port in a valveseat 139. A valve 140 has a passage 141 therein and is pivoted on a screw 142 threaded into the saddle. The ,passage 141 communicates with a passage 143 in the clamp portion of the saddle, the latter passage communicating by means of a hole 144 in the wall of the pipe .53 for communicating with the suction or vacuum interior of this i rounded bottom being coincident with the passage 38, the bottom of the cavity in the seat being preferably spaced from the bot-tom of the bottle so that the vacuum w1ll draw the bottle to its seat and communicate with the space 24. When' the valve 140 is so positioned that its passage 141 is inregistry with the branch- passages 138, 143, there is a suction or vacuum from the pipe 53 which acts on the space 24 in thebottle for creating a vacuum therein and drawing any moistur there may be in said space therefrom.

The seating of the bottle in its seat further forms a connection between the saddle and the bottle for firmly holding the bottle in position, the action of the suction or vacuum being such as to draw the bottle down firmly upon its seat and prevent its accidentabtipping or removal,

Means are provided however so that, upon accidental removal of the bottle, or upon breakage of the bottle, or if a bottle is not placed upon the seat. the valve 140 will automatically close. This is instanced as accomplished by providing a contact-part or thrust-member for the article, exemplified as an arm 151 provided with a bearing 152.

A pin 153 is receivedthrough the bearings of a pair of the arms located side by side and bearings 154 of mating brackets 155 of the saddle. A spring 156 has a stretch 157 received'about -the,brackets, coils 158,1'eceived about the pin at the respectivei sides of the uprights, the ends of the spring beopen. The action of placing the bottle on its seat serves to move the arm for opening the valve. In case no bottle is placed on theseat. the valve 140 remains in closed position.

If after a bottle has been placed on the seat. whereby valve 140 is opened, the bottle should break. admitting air for instance into the space 24:, or the bottle should be accidentally or otherwise removed, the passage 38 would thereby be opened to the atmosphere for removing the suction efiect of holding down the bottle to its seat, whereby I the arm would be free to move from the seat,

carrying with it any port-ion of the bottle still remaining on the seat. The moving of the arm acts to close the valve 1 10, whereby suction or vacuum is shut off from the seat. The arm thereby assumes an upwardly inclined position in the present exemplification, as shown in Fig. 14. A. stop 164. shown as a lug extending from the bearing 154, arrests the swinging movement of the arm 151.

The cushion 166 is shown as a substantially annular cushion for encompassing an annulus of the bottom of the bottle, and with an offset portion 167 which is arranged to accommodate the teat in certain positions of the bottle.

in practice I prefer to subject the bottle to heat while acted on by the suction or vacuum. and preferably to heat of such a high degree. instanced as 400 F, as to convert the moisture into steam or vapor. and thereby quickly spread and vaporize any drops or globules of moisture there may be on the inner surface of the wall of said space, for aiding in withdrawing the same from said space, and acting to quickly dry the walls of said space. In former methods of drying the usual time for accomplishing the drying was about ten hours, whereas with my improved method and device I am enabled to accomplish the-drying in approximately 45.. minutes. The degrees of heat and durations of time are instanced as examples and not as limitations.

The casing 39, in which the articles are subjected to heat, is instanced as an annular casing provided with an upper wall 171 and sidewalls 172. 172, suitably supported by hooks 109 engaging the ea-aces angle- iron uprights 174, 175, connected by angle-iron cross-girts 176. suitably rigidly secured together for forming a framework, the framework being supported from the floor as by extending the outer angle-iron uprights 175 to the floor. (See Figs. 1, 2, 7 8 and 9).

The walls are preferably provided with linings of heat resisting material, for instance asbestos. as shown by the linings 177 Means are provided for heating the interior of the casing, instanced as accomplished by means of gas jets projecting from suitable perforations 181 in the segments of piping 40 connecting with valves 182 and a suitable supply of gas. In order to prevent direct contact of the flames with the bottles, I prefer to provide arcuate shields 183 between the burners and the paths of the bottles. The shields may be supported on suitable brackets 186. which also serve as supports for the fuel-pipes 40. The fuelpipes and the shields are preferably located at both sides of the paths of the bottles.

ll prefer to substantially close the space between the bottoms of the shields in order to avoid detrimental currents of air in the casing, and to retain the heat as much as possible in the casing. F or this purpose I provide the carrier with a plate 187 which moves with the carrier, and forms a bottom for the casing. This plate is instanced as an annular plate, for instance of thin metal. secured to lugs 188, which are fixed to the brackets 155. The plate is preferably provided with a suitable lining 189 of heat resistant material, for instance, asbestos. The plate and lining are provided with suitable openings. exemplified at 191, 192, 193, through which the supports 37. the brackets 155, and the links 161. are respectively received.

In order to lend assurance of the proper heat in the casing I provide the casing at suitable points with thermometers 195. to extend preferably between the rows of bottles. The indicating-portions of the thermometers extend above the casing.

The outer side wall of the casin mav comprlse a serles of doors 19 swinging on hinges 198 from the uprights 174. and held in closed positions by suitable latches 199. The lining 177 is continued on the doors. The top of'the casing is preferably closed throughout, the sides being also preferably held closed, except at the charging and discharging positions during the charging and discharging of the bottles.

The operators station for loading and unloading the conveyor, when either or both is accomplished manually, is preferably at 201.

Means are provided for automatically operating the valves 140 to release the bottles for removing the same. The bottles are shown as arranged in two annular rows, the

bottles of the respective pairs of bottles being radially arranged with relation to each other on the carrier.

The carrier of the drying mechanism moves in a path in the direction of the arrow a. lVhen the bottle arrives a-t'the olftaking position, namely, the operators station, the link 161 is arranged to engage a trip 204. (See Fig. 17). The link is provided with a slot 205 in which a pin 206, extending from the valve 140, is received. When the link engages the trip, the slotted end of the link is momentarily arrested, the balance of the carrier moving and thereby causing swinging of the-link on its articulation -162, for releasing the wall of the slot-from the pin. 4

At substantially the same time the pin 206 engages a trip 207, whereby the valve 140 is swung on its pivot for closing the valve. The closing of the valve shuts off the suction or vacuum from the seat of the bottle, and opens the passage 138 to the atmosphere to release the vacuum 011' the-bottom of the bottle, whereby the force which holds the bottle to its seat is released. The trips 204 and 207 are extended in the form of shelves. The lower end of the link has in the meantime been idly riding on. the

' tri 204.

s soon as the valve 140 is closed and the vacuum which holds the bottle to its seat .1 is released, the spring 156 will cause swing ing of the arm 151 for raising the bottle away from its seat. The bottle may be removed either manually or by suitable mechanism, the bottle being grasped by the hand .prior to its release from its seat when man- 209 for permitting the pin to move into such relation as corresponds to an opening of the valve 140, there being a further trip 210 coacting with the depressed portion for causing the pin to move in a prescribed path forinsuring opening of the valve. When the pin arrives opposite the open end of the slot 205, the gravity of the link 161 will cause the walls of the slot to. pass crosswise of the pin for again placing the valve and the link in articulated relation, which relation is maintained until the link and valve are again tripped by the trips 204, 207, regardless of whether or not a bottle is seated on the seat. The trips are located at each side of the pairs of supports 37.

As soon as the pin 206 moves beyond the range of the trip 210, the arm 151 will againbe swung on its pivot for closing the valve, unless the operator shall in the meantime have placed a bottle on the valve-seat, whereby the suction or vacuumcauses the drawing of the bottle into the seat, the bottle acting as an obstruction to releasing movement of the arm, thereby preventing closing movement of the valve.

It will .be understood that the operator may place a bottle on any of the seats at any portion ofthe travel of the seats by simply pushing down the arm 151 by means of the bottle, in seating the bottle in the vacuumchuck, thereby opening the valve for hold ing the bottle in its seat.

I have provided means for automatically conveying bottles from the drying mechanism, insta-nced as accomplished by means of .a conveyor 211, which comprises a sprocket-chain 212, received about sprocket-- wheels 213 and 214. (See Figs. 1, 2 and 17.) The sprocket-chain moves in the direction of the arrow Z). The length of the conveyor is such as may be desired, or as maybe required by the means which may be employed for removing the bottles from the conveyor.

The sprocket-wheel 213 is exemplified as a driving sprocket-wheel, and is shown journaled about a stud-shaft 215, securedin a bearin 216 of a bracket 217, extending from t e frame 218 of the off-bearing mechanism. (See also Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 5.) A pinion 219 is fast with the sprocket-wheel 213 and is meshed by a gear 220 fast on a shaft-.221 journaled in a bearing 222 in a bracket 217 and abearing 223 in a bracket 224 extending from one of the, legs of the frame 218 of the conveyor mechanlsm.

The shaft 221 has a. pinion 227 fast thereon, which is meshed by a gear 228 rotating about a stud-shaft 229, secured in a bearing 230 in the bracket 224. A ratchet-wheel 231 is fast with the gear 228. A 1 er 232 is pivoted about the shaft 229, and. as a. pawl 233 pivoted thereon, the pawl being urged into engaging relation with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel bya spring 234. The lever 232 is articulated by an articulation 235, which is also the pivot of the pawl, with a link 236 which is shown as integral with the link 79. A

The pawls 77 and 233 and the teeth of the ratchet- wheels 75 and 231 extend in opposite directions, so that alternate intermittent motions are imparted to the conveying mechanism of the off-conveyor and the conveying mechanism of the drying mechanism. They are so related for the purpose of shlfting or transferring the bottles from the conveyor of the driving mechanism to the conveyor of the oif-bearing mechanism. The

conveyors of the drying mechanism and of the off-bearing mechanism are alternately curvature of the bottle, and having a lower end 242 flanged radially inward for forming a flange received about the bottom of the bottle, and having a recess 243 through which the teat, or lowermost end of the bottom, may extend. The pockets arms 245, shown as bent bars, and having portions 246, by means of which the arms are clamped to selective links of the sprocketchain. A roller 247 rotates on a stud 248 extending from the arm, the rollers traveling on tracks formedby the shelves 208, extended about the path of the sprocket-chain, and secured to the frame of the off-bearing mechanism, being preferably continuous tracks extending around and throughout the path of the sprocket-chain.

In the present exemplification, the actuations of the conveyor of the olt-bearer mechanism are preferably of greater len h than theactuations of the conveyor of t 1e dryer mechanism. The respective actuations of the conveyor ot' the off-bearer mechanism are preferably suflicient to cause a movement of two of the pockets across the path of thetWo concentric series of bottles on the conveyor of the drying mechanism while the respective actuations or intermittent movements of the conveyor of the drying mecha nism are equal to the angle between adjoining radially arranged pairs of bottles.

- Thus referring to Figs, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 17 it will be assumed that the bottles a, a, have just been placed in the pockets of the off- -bearer mechanism. The next movement of the link 236 will cause actuation of the ratchet-wheel 231,-whereby the bottles c c, are given an advance movement by the conveyor 2 as occupied by the bottles d, d, and the pockets e, e, are advanced to substantially the positions previously held by the pockets containing the bottles 0, 0. The bottles f, f, on the carrier of the drying mechanism will, in the meantime, have been moved toward the pgckets e, .6, so that when said bottles 7'', f and pockets e e, are in substantial juxtaposition, the links 161 and valves 140 of the bottle supports on which the bottles 7, f, are 1 located, will be tripped, whereby the vacuum holding the bottles f, f, to their seats will be cut off and the arms 151, which form thrust-members, coacting with the seats on which the bottles f, f, are located, will act to thrust said bottles with an upward tilting movement into the pockets e, e, whereupon the said pockets will continue their travel, and the carrier and the conare fixed to 211 into the positions shown in Fig;

veyor will continue their alternate movements for advancing the next pair of pockets and the next pair of bottles into juxtaposed relation.

\Vhen the link 161 has been released by the trip 204, the arm 151 will normally assume an upwardly inclined relation. The movement of the carrier 36 causes the arms to be received under that part of the shelf 208 under the bracket 217, which is secured to said bracket, whereby the slot 205 is moved below the: pin 206, so that when the pin is depressed by the cam 210, the walls of the slot Wlll be received about the pin,

for reconnecting the arm 151 and the valve 140.

The off-conveyor mechanism is exemplified as received through openings 250, 251, respectively in the outer and inner walls of the casing 39.

Having'thus fully described my invention, what ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, isi

1. In drying apparatus for drying the space in articles, the combination of traveling aira-arefyingmeans, and traveling connecting means for connecting said traveling air-rarefying-meansl with the space in the article.

2. In drying apparatus for drying the space in articles, the combination of traveling air-rarefying means, traveling connecting means for connecting said air-rarefying means with the space in the article, and heating means for the article.

3. In drying apparatus for drying thespace in articles, the combination of, a carrier for the articles, supports for the articles, air-rarefying means, connecting means for connecting said air-raret'ying means-with the space in the articles, and means causing movement of said supports and said connecting means with said carrier.

4. In drying apparatus space in articles, the combination. of a heating chamber, a carrier for the articles, supports for the articles, air-rarefying means, connecting means for connecting said air- ,rarefying means with the space in the articles, and means causing movement of said carrier to move the articles by said supports;

in said heating chamber.

5. in drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a heating chamber, a conveyor comprising a vacuumpipe and suction-chucks respectively having connection with 'said vacuum-pipe, and means for moving said conveyor whereby to move the articles held by said suctionchucks in said heating chamber.

6. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a heating chamber, a conveyor comprising suctionchucks, and means controlledby the articles for control of suction to said suction-chucks.

for drying the 7. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drying chamber, a conveyor, suction-chucks therefor, means controlled by the articles for control of suction to said suction-chucks, and automatic means controlling said last-named means.

8. In drying apparatus of'the character described, the combination of a drying chamber, a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, suctionpiping having connection with said respective suction-chucks, means for rotating said carrier to ,cause progressive movement in said drying chamber of the articles supported by said suction-chucks, valves for said connections, and means acted on by the articles for controlling said valves.

9. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drying chamber, a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, suctionpiping having connection with said respective suction-chucks, means for rotating said carrier to cause progressive movement in said drying chamber of the articles supported by said suction-chucks, valves for .said

connections, means acted on by the articles for controlling said valves, and automatic means for controlling said valves.

10; In drying apparatusof the character described, the combination of a drying chamber, a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same for support of the articles in said drying chamber, a central suction-feed conduit, connections between the latter and said suction-chucks, a rotary joint between said connections and said conduit, and means for rotating said carrier comprising a driving element received about said conduit, said driving element and the rotating element of said rotary joint having coincident axes of rotation coincident with said conduit.

11. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of -a drying chamber, a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same for support of the articles in said. drying chamber, valves for the latter, a central suction-feed conduit, connections between the latter and said suction-chucks. a rotary joint between said connections and said conduit, means for rotating said carrier comprising a driving element received about said conduit, said driving element and the rotating element of said rotary joint having coincident axes of rotation coincident with said conduit, and automatic means, for'operating said valves controlled by said rotation of said carrier.

12. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a drying chamber of arcuate vform comprising stationary sides and top, a rotary carrier comprising article-supports having an arcuate path of movement for moving the articles supported by said supports in said chamber, and a bottom for said chamber mounted on so as to move with said carrier.

13. In drying apparatusof the character described, the combination of a drying chamber of arcuate form comprising stationary sides and top, a, rotary carrier comprising article-supports having an arcuate path of movement for moving the articles supported by said supports in said chamber, and a bottom for said chamber mounted on so as to move with said carrier, and heating means for said chamber stationarily positioned at the side of said bottom.

14. In drying apparatus of the .character described, the combination of a. drying chamber of arcuate form comprising stationary sides and top, a rotary carrier comprising article-supports having an arcuate path of movement fonmoving the articles supported by said supports in said chamber, a bottom for said chamber mounted on so as to move with said carrier, heating means for said chamber stationarily positioned at the side "of said bottom, and partitioning means between said heating meansand the path of the articles supported by said article supports for forming heating space be tween said partitioning means and the side of said drying chamber, the upper part of said space having communication with said chamber.

15. In drying apparatus for drying the space between the walls of a double-walled vessel which has an opening communicating with said space, the combination of a suction-chuck comprising a suction-seat for the vessel and a suction-passage communicating with said seat'and arranged to communicate with said opening received in said seat.

16. In drying apparatus .for drying the space between the walls of a double-walled vessel. which has an opening communicating with said space, the combination of a suction-chuck comprising a suction-seat having a suction-port and a lip surrounding said port, and arranged whereby said suction-port communicates with said opening and said seat. to draw air from said space through said opening and to draw the vessel toward said seat.

17 In drying apparatus for drying the space between the walls of a double-walled vessel which'has an opening communicating with said space. the combination of a suction-chuck comprising a suction-seat for the vessel and a suction-passage communicating with said seat and arranged to communicate with said opening received in said seat, a thrust-member for the article coacting with said suction-chuck and arranged to be held in thrusting relation by thechucked article. a valve for said suctionpassage. and means between said thrustmember and said 'alve to close said valve by the release of said thrust-member.

18. in drying apparatus for drying the space between the walls of adouble-walled vessel which has an opening communicating with said space. the combination of a suction-cluu-k comprising a suction-seat for the vessel and a suction-passage communicating with said seat and arranged to communicate with said opening received in said seat. athrust-member"1or the article coacting with said suction-chuck and arranged to be held in thrusting relation by the chucked article. a valve for said suctionpassage, means between saidthrust-memher and said valve to. close said valve by the release of said thrust-member, and automatic means for automatically closing said valve and moving said thrust-member.

19. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a suction-chuck. a valve therefor, a control-part for said valve to open and close said valve respectively by the presence and absence of an article in said chuck, automatic means to control the;:c.onnection between said controlpart and said valve, and automatic means to control said Valve.

'20. In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, suction-chucks thereon, tilting means for .the article coacting with said suction-chucks,

a conveyor. and article-receiving means on said conveyor arranged to receive the articles tilted by said tilting means.

21. In drying apparatus of the character described. the combination of a carrier. suction-chucks thereon, tilting means for the article coacting with said suction-chucks, a conveyor, article-receiving means on said conveyor arranged to receive the article tilted by said tilting means, and means for alternately moving said carrier and said conveying means.

22. In drying apparatus of the character described. the combination of a carrier, suction-chucks thereon for the articles, valves for said suction-chucks, a conveyor for the articles. transfer means to transfer the articles from said suction-chucks to said conveyor, and automatic means for automatic trans fer movement of said transfer means and closing of said valves.

In drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, suction-chucks thereon for the articles, valves for said suction-chucks, contact-parts for the articles arranged to close said valves by the applying of said articles to said suctlOll-CllllCkS, resilient means therefor. a conveyor for the articles, inclined cups thereon for the articles and automatic means to close said valves whereby said resilient eeaoes means more said contact-parts to tip the cups.

24. in drying apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, suction-chucks thereon. thrust-members coacting therewith, valvesfor said suction-chucks, a conveyor, receptacles thereon for the articles, said conveyor extending crosswise of said carrier, means for intermittentalternate movements of said carrier and said conveyor, and automatic means for closing said valves and movement of said thrust-members for thrusting the articles held by said suction-chucks to said receptacles.

25. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of suction-chucks, means controlled by the articles for control of suction to said suction-chucks. and automatic means for control of suction to said suction-chucks.

26. In apparatus of the character described, the combination ofa rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, suction-piping having connection with said respective suction-chucks, and automatic means controlled by the rotation of said carrier for controlling said lastnamed connections.

27. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, and suction-piping communicating with said suction-chucks comprising a joint coincident with the axis of rotation of said rotary carrier.

28. In apparatus of the character dlescribed. the combination of a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, a. suction-feed pipe coincident with the axis of rotation of said rotary carrier, flexible piping bet-ween said last-named pipe and said suction-chucks. and means for rotating said carrier comprising a driving element having an axis of rotation coincident with said suction feed pipe.

29. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, arcuate suction-piping proximate to said suction-chucks and having connec tion with said suction-chucks, a central suction-feed pipe. and flexible suction-piping connecting said central suction-feed pipe with said arcuate piping.

30. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a rotary carrier, suction-chucks thereon arranged about the same, arcuate suction-piping proximate to said suction-chucks and having connection with said suction-chucks, a central suction-feed, pipe, a branching member therefor, and piping for said arcuate piping having flexible connection with said branching member.

31. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, a suction-chuck for the article moving with said carrier, a valve for said suction-chuck, and means for controlling said valve comprising a part held in place by the article to open the valve, and means to-normally urge said last-named part into valve-closing relation.

32. Inapparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, a suction-chuck therefor, a valve for said suctionchuck, a control part for said valve arranged for openin said valve by coactive relation between t e article and said suction-chuck, and means to normally urge movement of said control-part for closing said valve.

33. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, a suction-chuck therefor, a 'valve for said sue tion-chuck, a control-part for said valve arranged for opening said valve by-coactive relation between the article and said suction-chuck, means to normally urge move- I 'ment of said control-part for closing said tivel r by the-presence and absence 0 artic e in said chuck, and automatic meansto control theconnection' between sa1d control-part and 'said valve. c

36., In apparatus of the character de-' scribed, the combination of a. suction-chuck,

a valve therefor comprising a movable.

meinber, an actuated member arranged to be actuated by the article supported by said chuck, connecting means between said last- ,named 'part and said movable member of saidvalve whereby to operate said valve by release'of said articlefrom said chuck, said last named connection, being .a releasable connection, and automatic means for releas ing s id connection.

3 In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a suction-chu'ck,f a valve thereforpompnsmg'a movable memher, an actuated member arranged to be actuated by the article supported 'by said chuck, connecting.;means between, said last-" named'part and Said' movable member of said valve whereby tooperate saidvalve by release of said article from said-chuck, said last-named connection being ..a releasable connection, automatic; means "for releasing 's'ai'd connection, 'and automatic means for 1 a contact-part for the article 'arran moving said movable member of said valve to close sa1d valve.

38. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a suction-chuck, a contact-part for the article arranged to be moved by the article when applying the article to said chuck,- resilient means to resist said movement, a valve for said. chuck, a link between said contact-part and the'mo-vable-member of said valve to operate said valve by said contact-part, automatic means for releasing said link, and automatic means to reconnect, said link.

39. In apparatus of the character de-- scribed,qthe combination of a suction-chuck,

a contact-part for the article arranged to be.

moved by the article when applying the article to saidchuck, resilient means to resist said movement a valve for said chuck, a link between ;said contact-part and the movable member of said valve to operate said valve by said contact-part, automatic means to release said link whereby to cause action of said contact-part to release the article,-and automatic means to close said valve. Y

40. 'In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier,a suction-feed.pipe extending lengthwise thereof, suction-chucks on said carrier, valves between said suction-feed pipe. and said suction chucks comprising a movable member,

moved by the movement of thearticletoward saidchuck, resilient means forresisting said movement, a releasable articulatlon "between said contact-part and said movable member, means for automatically releasing said releasable articulation, and means aut0- matica-lly closing said. -.valve.-"- I 41.1 11. apparatus .of "the character described, the combm'aitiofl'iof a carrier, a suction-feed pipe extending lengthwise thereof, suction-chucks on said carrier, valves between said suction-feed ipe and said suc tion-chucks. comprising a movable member, a 'contact-partfor the article arranged to be moved .b' 4 the-movement of the article to- .wardsai chuck, resilient'means for resisting said movement, a releasable articulation between said contact-part and said movable member, means for -automatically releasing said releasable connection, means automatically closing said valve, and means whereby to reconnect'saddreleasable connection.

In apparatus of the characterdescribed, the combination of a carrier, a suction-pipe extending along the'same, a pedestal secured to said carrier, a suctionchuck on said pedestal, said pedestal having a passage communicating with said suctionpipe and said suction-chuck, a valve for said passage, a contact-part for the article arranged to'be moved by the article being rattached 'to saidchuck, resilient means toresist said movement, a connection between said contact-part and the movable member of said valve, and automatic means to release said connection and close said valve.

43. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, at suc tion-pipe extending along the same, a pedestal secured to said carrier. a suctionchuck on said pedestal, said pedestal having: apassage communicating with said suctionpipe and said suction-chuck, a valve for said passage, a thrust-member for the article arranged to be moved by the article being attached to the chuck, and to be held by the chucked article, a conveyor. a receptacle thereon for the article, and means to close said valve whereby to release the article for movement of the article by said thrust-member to said receptacle.

44. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier. a suction-chuck thereon, a thrust-member for the article coacting with said suction-chuck and arranged to be held in thrusting relation by the chucked article, a valve for said suction chuck, and means between said thrust-menr her and said valve to close said valve by the release of said thrust-member 45. In apparatus of the character described, the combination of a carrier, a suction-chuck thereon, a thrust-member for the automatically closing said valve. and moving said thrust-member.

46. In apparatus of the character described. the combination of a carrier, at suc tion-pipe extending along the same, a clamp about said suction-pipe and comprisin; a pedestal at each side of said suction-pipe, a suction-chuck on each of said pedestals, a pivoted thrust-member coacting with each of said suction-chucks, resilient means to urge said thrust-members from said suctionchucks, each of said pedestals having a suction-passage connecting the suction-chuck thereon with said suction-pipe. a valve for each of said passages, and releasable connecting means between said thrust-members and said valves.

In testimony whereof, l have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERICK P. LINDAHL.

Witnesses JAMES J. FI'rzrA'rnicK, THERESA M. SILBER.

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