US1445035A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 192s.

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AUGUSTNE J'. POCOCK, 0F DAYTON, OHIO; ZADIA POCOCK, ADMINISTRATRIX OF SAID AUGUSTIITE J. POCOCK DECEASED, ASSIGNOR TO THE DAYTON PUMP &` MANUFAC- TUBING COIVPANY, O'JE DAYTON, OHIO, A C(')L'EijORiJl'YN` OF OHIO.

PUMP.

Application filed October 4, `1920.

to provide a pump construction and organiation that permits of easy access to the valves and pistons whenever necessary and without the necessity ot disconnecting either the suction or discharge pipes.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pump which runs smoothly and noiselessly thereby avoiding the usual annoyance common in pumps and which is due to pounding, or hammering as it is more y commonly termed.

W'ith these objects in view the improvements relate more specifically to the construction of the water box, and before entering into a detail description thereof it may be well to briefly refer to efforts that have been put forth to avoid the shocks or hammering annoyance so common. in pumps as heretofore constructed.

Pumps with a single cylinder, whether single acting or double acting, usually produce very much of a shock when passing over centers or rathereachy time the piston changes direction. This condition is caused by the high speed of the piston in one part of its stroke coming to a stop at the terminal ot the stroke either way. This has always been an experienced trouble with a single cylinder' pump and attempts have been made to counteract this undesirable feature. The duplex or double cylinder pump does away with it to a certain extent andthe three cylinder or triplex pump has been and is still being used for the avoidance oi shock. In a word, the water lcolumn in the discharge pipe is made to move more steadily, as two or three cylinders are working, inasmuch as only one of the cylinders is passing over the dead center at anytime, the shock thereby being minimized. y v

In the presentrcase the object ot the present improved water Abox is to produc-e a steadier flow in the water column or discharge, more particularly in a single cylin- Serial No. 414,467.

der pump. T do not confine myself however to a single cylinder inasmuch as the same principle applies to multiple cylinderl pumps. The main features .which are employed to bring the desired results about,l are first; a shock chamber around the outside of the piston barrel and above the level oit the inlet or suction valves. All the volume ot this chamber around the outside ofthe said barrel or barrels and above the inlet or suction valves, acts as a pulsation chamber, inasmuch as it may be partially filled with air which .cannot get out by reason of said valves being low down. Therefore. the air in said chamber will become raretied or compressed in receiving and steadying the incoming water through the suction orinlet pipe. lt will be noted from the illustrations that from the inletor suction valves the water is directed by curves in the upper portions of the valve plates which serve to throw it without shock towards the cylinder as the piston moves forward. As it returns, it thrusts the water up the curved top and out through the discharge valve into the air chamber `and this valve being barely covered with water and so near, the compressible air in the chamber responds .very readily to the action of the piston or plunger on the water, thereby virtually discharging the water into the compressed air in the air chamber, which yresponds to the rush ot' water at the high points of the stroke, and then reactson the water passing into the discharge pipe at the time the piston is on its dead center, thus compressing and expanding the air with each pulsation of the pump. but keeping the pressure steady on'the discharge line. Tn a word, absorbing the differential'between the high speed ot the piston and the stop at the end of the stroke.

This has been attempted in the various pumps that have air chambers at some point ron the discharge line, or even in the discharge chamber. But the utilization of features peculiar to my invention accomplishes whatI has heretofore failed of accomplishment.

As a result of the construction which achieves the above ends another advantage of great value is the accessibility to parts subject to most wear and whereby a person oflittle or no mechanical ability may lookA into possible trouble without disconnecting pipes .or dismantling the pump,-the simple thing to be done being the removal of the valve plates when it will be found that the discharge valve is on the valve plate and readily gotten at, and the suction valve is standing` out uncovered by the taking oli of said valve plate. By the removal of the end valve plate the piston can be examined and it necessary7 very readily taken out of the barrel. in inexperienced operator by takinzg` ott what may be termed a nut on the end of' the piston, may readily remove with the hands the piston itselt' with the cup leathers or other packing and follower7 and can readily replace the leathers it' necessary and screw the completed piston head back on the rod. This is a very material improvement over the common u ay of removing the nut which holds the cup leathers or packing' on the rod, and then having to use 'a *packing hook or some similar instrument to withdraw the leatherusually in speciallysmall worln a very different operation, and then the replacement ot the leathers and really building up the piston in the barrel where it cannot be seen or conveniently gou ten at.

'preceding a more particularly description ot my improvements reference is now` made to the accompanying,` drawings of which l is a horizontal longitudinal section of a pump containing my improvements5 the same being on the line 1-1 of Fig.` 2. Fig. 2 is a vertical lo Y tudinal section yof the pump on the line 2-2 ot Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a cross section ot the water box on the line of Land l is an end elevation of the water box showing both valve plates and t-he connections of the inlet or suction and discharge pipes.

In a detail description of the improvements in connection with the accompanying` drawings, similar reference characters indicate similar parts as they appear in said drawings.

T he pump illustrated in the drawings is ot a single cylinder double actin type, as before intimated, but it may be or a single cylinder lsingle acting type, or a multiple cylinder type, either single or double acting, thel `improvements being applicable to any of these different types with equal facility. The water box is formed or built with the upper portiorL -1- providing' a conibined water and air chamber "-2- in which the water is discharged, and a lower portion -lforming` the suction or inlet chamber S3- lnto the chamber -Qfthe water is discharged alternately through two discharge valves -3- and -3- .in the front and side oit the water box respectively. llelow the said chamber -2- is the cylinder 5 which. may or may not be of a removable type, ln this cylinder the piston -6-- reciprocates, said cylinder 5 being forced into its position in the casting' and surrounded by space -7-. rllhe space 7 is closed at its top and communicates with the suction chamber at its bottom` thereby permitting;v air to be trapped therein which provides` a shock saace on the suction side of the pump. An inlet or suction pipe -9- connects with an inlet opening' -10- in the lower side oif the water box leading to the suction chamber i3-- by means ol' a union -ll.-. A discharge or outlet pipe #-12- from the pump communicates with the combined water and air chamber 2 through a union 13M which connects it with a discharge nozzle el-l extending' down on the interior of said chamber -2- to a point approximately in line with the discharge valves -3- and -3-. rl"he suction valves -15- and 15- in the end and side ot the water box respectively, control the outlet from the suction chamber and it will be observed these valves lie below the cylinder -5-. -The end ot the Vater box has a detachable valve plate 16- held thereon by means of cap screws -17-- The said valve plate provides a chamber *iS-e into which the water is drawn through suction valve lon the back stroke oit the piston. The return stroke forces the water through the discharge valve -3- into the water and air chamber -2-- Y 3* is mounted in the top of the end valve plate 4G- and it will be seen that upon detaching said valve plate both valves are readily accessible as well as the piston -(3-- The piston consists of a head which screws on to the end or the piston rod -l9 and has the appearance ot a nut on the end yof said piston rod. A follower 20- screws on to the inne end ot the piston head 4,6- and between said headand follower -20- the cup leathers Q1-vare placed with an intervening' washer Q2- Upon the removal of the end valve plate i6- the valves 3* and --15d well as the piston become readily accessible as before stated and thus the piston head including' 'the leathers and the tollower may be readily removed in the hand and the leathers replaced if necessary and the whole returned as a unit. This is an important accomplishment yin these pumps when considered from the users standpoint.v v

A valve-controlled air inlet pipe -28- is tapped into the upper portion ot the end 'valve plate 16- and provides an air `conmunication with the water and chamber -2- through valve -3-. The suction and discharge valves -land 3f-4 re spectively, at theside oit the water box operate alternately with the suction and inlet valves -15- and -3- at the end as required by the double acting character of the pump. The suction and discharge valves .l5- and -3- are inclosed by a valve T he discharge valve llt through a lateral passage -25- in the wate'i1 box. The water is drawn from the inlet or suction chamber 8` through the suction valve 15 on the same stroke of the pis.- ton that opens discharge valve -3. From chamber 24- the water is forced by the piston through the discharge valve -3- into chamber -2- on the same stroke of the piston that opens suction valve l5 as will be readily understood. The piston rod -19- passes through a stuiing box or gland. -26- and is connected to the driving crank shaft -27- through a connecting rod 28- and crosshead -30-- The bearings Z9-of the crank shaft are in the sides of the crank case and are close to the oil box, the arrangement being close and compact with the result that the strain is entirely central and the pump is enabled to operate smoothly and without noise more efficiently.

Having described my invention, I claim:

l. In a pump, a water box having a combined water and air chamber and a suction chamber, a. pump cylinder containing a piston and arranged between lsaid combined water and air chamber and said suction chamber and surrounded by a chamber communicating with said suction chamber and constituting a shock chamber, a discharge valve forming an inlet to the lower portion of said combined water and air chamber, and a suction valve forming an outlet for said suction chamber, a valve plate formingv a closure for said valve and the pump cylinder, and a passage from the suction valve to the discharge valve, and anoutlet pipe communicating with said combined water and air chamber.

2. In a pump, a water box having an inlet and exhaust, said box being provided with a gland at one end thereof, a cylinder mounted in said box, a piston mounted in said cylinder, a rod extending from said piston and through said gland, a valve plate mounted on the side of said box, another valve plate mounted in the end of said box opposite said gland, said plates forming passageways between the inlet and exhaust and the cylinder, valves mounted in said passageways, whereby access may be had to the valves and cylinder without disturbing the inlet, the exhaust and the gland.

3. In a pump, a water box having an inlet and an exhaust, said box being provided with a gland at one end thereof, a cylinder mounted in said box, a piston rod extending through said gland and into said cylinder, a pistcn head mounted on said rod and extending into said"cylinder, cup leathers mounted on said head, a follower mounted on said head and adapted to hold said cups on said head, a valve plate mounted on the side of said box, another valve plate mounted on the end of said box opposite said gland, said plates forming passageways between the inlet and exhaust and the cylinder, valves mounted in said passageways, whereby said lpiston may be removed from the cylinder without disturbing said rod and gland.

4. In a pump, a water box having a combined water and air chamberand a suction chamber, a pump cylinder containing a piston between said combined water and air chamber and suction chamber and surroundedby a. chamber communicating with the suction chamber and constituting a shock chamber, a discharge valve forming lan inlettothe lower portion of said combined water and air chamber, a suction valve forming an outlet'from said suctionl chamber, a valve plate forming a closure for said valves and the pump cylinder and a. passage from the suction valve to the Vdischarge valve, the removal yof said plate enabling ready access tosaid valves and cylinder, and an outlet pipe on the interior of said combined water and air chamber Awith the receiving end thereofsubstantially in alignment with the upper plane of the discharge valve. i I y 5. In a pump, a water box having a coinbined water and air chamber in the upper vportion thereof and an inlet or suction chamber in the lower portion thereof, a pump 'cylinder arranged between said combined water and air chamber and said suction chamber, saidlcylinder having a space surrounding it communicating with the suction chamber, a suction valve controlling the outlet from said suction chamber, said suction valve and the pumpgcylinderbeing exposed at the end of the water box, a valve plate y forming a closure for said pump cylinder and suction valve and1being detachable from the water box, a discharge valve mounted in said valve plate and controlling the passage from the suction valve to the combined water and air chamber, and adischarge pipe in said chamber extending from a plane approximately coinciding with fthe upper plane of said discharge valve.

6, In a pump having a single cylinder, a

water box having a combined water and air chamber in the upper portion thereof` and an outlet or suction chamber in the'lower portion thereof, a pump cylinder between said chambers surrounded by a chamber which communicates with the upper portion of the suction chamber and forms a shock chamber, suction valves forming outlets from the lower portion of the suction chainber, said suction valves being below the said shockchambers, discharge valves forming iio an inlet to said. combined water and air chamber, valve Jplates forming'elosures for said suction valves and thepninpieylinder and detachably connected with thel water box, and discharge. valves inofunted in said valve plates and controlling the passage from the suction valves to theA combined water and air chamber. i

7. lne. single Cylinder pump, a water box having' a combined water and air chamber in the upper portion "thereof and an inlet or suetionvehaniber in the lower portion thereof, a. pump cylinder Varranged between said chambers land having a space surround,- .ingi it serving as a 'pulsation or shock chamber7 a suction valve below said pnlsation chamber and 'forming an outlet from the inlet or suction chamber, a valve plate torming` a detachable closuregor said pump cylinder and Asuction valve, said valve plat-e forming ay water passage at the end ot the waten box into which an end of said cylinder and the suction valve projects, and ai' discharge valve mounted in said valve plate and controlling the discharge of uvater to the eombinedwater and air chamber. i

8. In a single Cylinder pump, a water box having' a combined water and air chamber in the upper poi-"tion thereof and an inlet or suction chain-berlin the lower portion rthereot, a pump cylinder arranged vbetween said chambers and having a space surrounding' it serving as a shock chamber, a suction valve below said shoeleehamber and fior-ming an outlet `from the inlet or suction ehamberg a valve plate forming detachable closure for said pump cylinder and suction valve, said va'he plate torjniing a water ypassage at the end ofthe water bei `int-o which an end of lsia'ifd' cylinder` and the suction valve projeets,

ay discharge valve'i mounted in said valve plate and controlling' ythe discharge of water I l i y v l y to the combined water land air chamber7 and an air ypipe mounted in said valve plate to admit air' to said. water and air chamber.

lend suction valve and the 'cylinder`r a valve plate forming' a closure for the side suction valve, discharge valvesfmount'ed in the upper portions of said valve plates and communi- 'eating' withA the combined walter land air chamber, the said valve plates 'providing chambers on the side and end respectively oi" the waterboxgthe chamber of the end valve platecommunicating;'with one end ot vthe pump cylinder and the ehamberiot the side valve yplate communicating with the other end of said pump cylinder.

4 In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

AUGUSTINE J. POCOCK.

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