US1441401A

US1441401A - Railway construction

Info

Publication number: US1441401A
Application number: US249882A
Authority: US
Inventors: William G Coughlin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1918-08-14
Filing date: 1918-08-14
Publication date: 1923-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 1940-01-09

Description

6 SHEETS-SHEET I W. G. COUGHLIN. RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION. Fl LED AUG 14 1918 Jan. 9, 1923.

6 SHEETSSHEET 2 W. G. COUGHLIN. RAI LWAY CONSTRUCTION, FILED Aus 14 191B Jan. 9, 1923.

Jan. 9, 1923. W. G. COUGHLIN.

RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3 FILED Auc. I4, 1918.

Zgvmmmtoz 6. SHEETS'SHEET 5 Jan. 9, 1923.

W. G.- COUGHLIN. RAI LWAY CONSTRUCTION FILED AUG. 14. 1918.

clam,

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6 Jan. 9, 1923.

w. c. COUGHLIN. RAl LWAY CONSTRUCTION Fl LED AUG 14 1918 m knew innate WILLIAM G. COUGHLIN, or rnrnannnrnm, PENNSYLVANIA.

I I narnwar consent-onion. I

' Application filed August 14, 1918. Serial N'o.v 249,882.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM G. Conan- LIN, a citizen of the United States, and residing at Philadelphia, Philadelphia County,

State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to rail chairs and ties for supporting the rails in railway constructions.

The principal objects of the invention are to provide a rail chair which has a maximum rigidity or stiffness for the amount of material usedyto provide a chair having a substantially uninterrupted bearing on its support throughout its area; to provide a form of fastening); meansto secure the chair to the support which does not mutilate or weaken the support; to provide means for regauging the rails without moving the rail chairs; to provide means for securing the rails in position which permits rails having different width flanges to" be used; to provide an exceedingly strong and dependable means to secure the rail to the chair; to provide independent supports'for the pair of rails of the track in combination with means to adj ustably space the supports; to provide such spacing means directly connecting opposite chairs; to provide a cross-tie otapproximately the, same section and dimensions as the ,usualtie and constructed or built up of timber, concrete, or other mate rial; to provide built up cross-ties made from timber heretofore considered unsuitable for the purpose and to provide a short tie or hearing; block oi wood, concrete or other nraterial, or even from sound sections cut from discarded wooden ties in combinatioir with means to hold the hearing blocks in proper spaced relation. Other objects and features of novelty will be apparent from the description taken in connection with the drawings in which: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a rail chair constructed in accordance with the present invention; I I I II Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same; Figure is a side elevation of a chair mounted on a support and showing the manner of securing the rail theretoand the chair to the support; I I I Figure is perspective view of clip employed for the purpose of securing the rail to the chair;

tie;

Figurefi is a top plan viewofabuilt up cross tie having a pair of'the present rail I chairs secured thereto; Figure 6 is a side elevation of the parts shown in Figure 5 the rails being shown in cross section;

Figure 7 stantially on the line 77 oi Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a sectional elevation similar to Figure 7 and illustrating a modified form of chair which is divided transversely of the rail to accommodate the chair to ties of different widths; I I I j Figure 9 is a side. elevationof a pair of independent supports having the present rail chairs mounted thereon, the chairs be- I ing maintained in proper spaced relation by a tie rod connecting thesame; Figure 10 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the line 1010 of Figure 9; Figure 11 .is a sectional plan view' taken substantially on the. line 11-11 of Figure 9; I Figure 12 illustrates the rail chairs constructed in accordance with the present invention mounted on a reinforced concrete is asectional' elevation taken subcross-tie, the means for securing the chairs I to the tie passing through the reinforcement so that the latter acts to hold the chairs in proper spaced relation; I

Figure 13 is a side elevation of the construction shown in Figure 12; v

Figure lei is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the line 14 1a of Figure 12; I l 1 I Figure 15 is a top plan view of tie and chair construction in which the depending reinforcing flanges of the pair of opposite chairs areintegrally joined and act as the reinforcing memberof the concrete cross- Figure 16 is a; side elevation ofthe construction shown in Figure 15;[ I I Figure 17 is a sectional elevation. taken substantially on, the linev 17'-l7 of; Figure 1.5.;

- Figure- 18 struction illustrating a, niodifiedforni of chair mounted on independentsupports, the rails being held in proper gauged relation by tierods connecting the supports; I

Figure 19 is a side elevation of the construction shownin Figure 18; v

Ficnre 20 is a sectional elevation taken substantially on the line 2020 of Figure 19 Figure'Zl is a top plan view of a constructioi'i in which the rail chairs are diis a top plan 'yiew of a convided transversely of the rail and the cor responding parts of opposite chairs connected by an integral tie rod, the chairs be ing mounted on independent supports;

' Figure 22 is a side elevation of a construc throughout its area, on the support, there being no perforations in the plate so that the bearing area is maximum. As shown this plate is substantially rectangular in outline and at a pair of lateral edges has the depending stiffening flanges 31 provided for the purpose of reinforcing the plate against bending when it is subjected to the load of a train passing over the same. These flanges are preferably trapezoidal in outline, as shown in Figure 2, although it is obvious that the invention is not limited to such an outline. The lower edges of the flanges 31 may be provided with flanges 32 which act to stiffen and reinforce the dependingfianges 31. The opposite lateral edges of the plate 31 previously mentioned also have the laterallyprojecting wings As shown in Figure 1 there are a pair of these wings spaced apart at .each of the said edges and the sides of the wings facing each other may be formed with notches 34c for a purpose presently to be described. As shown in Figure 7 the chair is designed to be, mounted on a support :istruddle of the same, the flanges 31 being in contact with the sides of the support or tie. the purpose of securing the chair to a support without injuring or weakening the support or tie, bolts 35 extends through the support and aligned holes 36 formed in the flanges 31. In order that the support or tie not be weakened these transverse bolts areprefe-rably positioned so that they are at the neutral axis of the same. If the chair is used in connection with a concrete or similar type of support the flanges 31 may be cut to form tongues 37 which are adapted to be bent up at rightangles to the flanges so that they will extend into the support and furnish a further means for securing the chair to a support.

In order to-secure the rail to the plate 30 of the chair, clips 38 are employed. As clearly shown in Figure el these clips have a laterally projecting flange 39 at the top thereof the under surface body of which is For inclined so that it will have a bearing on the upper side of the flange at the base of the rail. The clip is also formed with a substantially rectangular projection 4 1 on the bottom' which is c esigned to be positioned in one of the notches 3d, the parts being arranged so that the clip will be held up against the rail, by the engagement of the projection $1 in the notch 34-. The clip is also formed with a vertically extending bolt hole 42 for a bolt 43 the head 44. of which is provided with a circular aperture for the bolt 35. The upper end of the bolt projects above the clip and has a nut 45 threaded thereon there being a washer 46 between the nut and the top of the clip. In the form of the invention now being described there are four clips and four bolts 43, two being arranged on each side of the base flange of the rail. lit will be seen that this construction provides a means for se curing the rail to the chair without perforating the plate 30 of the chair, this desirable feature following from the fact that the bolts or securing means are disposed laterally of the edges of the plate 30.

' In some of the "forms of the invention described hereina'fter it is desirable to provide means for adjusting the rail transversely with respect to the chair for the purpose of regauging the, rails. This may be accomplished by forming the clips 38 with projections 41 of different sizes. Thus as shown in Figure 3 it will be observed that the left hand clip has a )rojection of greater width than the right hand clip. Consequently, it a clip is substituted for the left hand one which has a narrower projection 41 and a clip is substituted for the right hand one with a wider projection 41, the rail will be shifted slightly to the left of the position shown in said figure. This condition also permits rails having flanges of different widths to be secured to the chair.

In other words, a rail having a narrow base flange. or a rail having a wide flange may be secured to a chair,'jit only being necessary to select the proper clips.

In addition to providing a chair which has substantially an imperforate bearing plate, it will be observed that the means for securing the rail to the'chair does not act directly between the rail and chair but rather between the rail and the support. Consequently, the forces which may act to tend to move therail upwardly are trans mitted directly to the support, which, of course, is better than having the "forces. act through the chair. It follows from this construction that there a less tendency fonthe chair to be pulled away from the support than in the fastenings heretofore employed.

in ligures 5 to 7 inclusive 1 have illustrated a pair of chairs mounted on builtup cross tie. Asshownfthe tie comprises a vertically arranged plank or board's? which extends transversely under bothof the rails. At each end of this board and under the rails shorter planks or boards d8 are secured to the opposite sides of the central plank 47,

' being fastened theretoin any suitable man- "ner as by means of the bolts 49. It will be much bearing area on the roadbe'd in a short tie by increasing its width as is now secured by afull length tie with the further advantage of providing this bearing area under the rail and not in- .the center of the track, thus avoiding the tie-bound condition.

As illustrated in the said Figures 5 and 7 inclusive the right hand chair is of the form already described, that .is to say the rail is mounted on a. chair so that it can be adjusted transversely, the chair being nonad-- As the right hand rail, therefore, is transversely adjustr justably' secured to the tie.

able the left hand rail, if desired, may be secured to the chair in a nonadjustable manner and the left hand chair of Figures 5 and 6 is designed for this purpose. Thus the plate 30 at one side of the rail has the vertically disposed flanges which are formed with the notches 51 at the edges facing the rail flange, these notches being designed toreceive the said rail flange. Theopp'oslte side of the rail flange may be secured to the chair by clips 38 in the manner previously (lescribed.

, if it is desired to have a chair. which will lit ties of different widths then the chairs already described may be divided longitudinally as shown in Figure 8. Thus the plate previously described consists of two plates the remaining parts of the chair being as already described.

, In Figures 9, 10 and 11, I have illustrated another construction in which the rail chairs are mounted on independent supports which as shown are concrete. As already mentioned, it is practicable to increase the hearing area of the supports lengthwise of the rails as compared to the present practice.

In this case, however, the supports 51?.

should be made with slopingsides as shown in Figure" 10 so as to afford sufficientspace for the tamping ,of the ties; These inclined sides provide a construction with a further advantage that the load of the rail and train arecarried substantially at the middle third of the width of the support. In the form of the invention shown in these fi ures the left hand chairis of substantially the same construction as the corresponding chair shown in Figure-5 except that the inside edge of the plate 30 is'provided with the upstanding lug 52. The right hand chair is like the right-hand chair-of Figure 5 except that on the inside edge of the plate 30 is formed a lug 53 facing the lug 52. A

tie rod 54- has end lugs 55 which are connected to the

lugs

52 and 53 by bolts56.

Thus the rail chairs are held in proper spaced relation andthe regauging of the track is provided for by securing the right handrail adjustably to the chair. If it is desired toinsulate one rail from the other then insulating washers 5'? may be interposed between the lugs 52 and 55 and between the bolt 56 and the said lugs. Figure lOclearly showshow the tongues 37 struck up from the side flanges 31 may be embedded in the concrete. Figure 11 in addition to showing a plan view of the right hand chairof Figure 9, also clearly illustrates how the rail is secured for regauging. Thus it willbe seen that the distance a between the left hand edge of the base of the rail and the adjacent notch in the wing 33 is greater than the cor responding distance 6 at the right hand side of the rail, the rail being held in this posi tion because the projection n on the bottom of the left hand clip. 38 is wider than the one on the right hand clip. Consequently, if the two clips onthe'left side of the rail are interchanged with the two clips on the right hand side the rail will be moved slightly to the leftv as viewed in this figure. If it is desired to cushion the chair a' block 58 of wood or other cushioning material may be interposed between the top surface of the support 51 5 and the underside of the plate 30, and maybe secured against displacement as by means of screws 59 extending through the plate 30 into the cushion member. As

shown in Figure 9, it it is desired to incline the rail slightly with respect to the vertical then these cushioning members may be made slightly wedge shaped.

In Figures 12 to 14k inclusive the construction shown includes a reinforced concrete cross tie 60 extending transversely under both rails of the railroad}, A pair of rail chairs similar to the ones described and shown in Figure 9 are mounted on this tie,

the opposite lateral edges of-which are ina clined with respect to the vertical. The tie is reinforcedby a 1neinber'61 embedded therein and extending longitudinally. This reinforcing member is cut away 21' its central portion so that at its ends it is of greater height than at said central portion. 7 The intermediate portion is provided with ajhoriat their lower edges.

zonta'l flange 62 at its upper ecge and the end. portions have the horizontal flanges 63 It will be noted that the bolts which secure the chairs to the tie extend through theend portions of the reinforcing member 61 and consequently this ineinberacts as a means for holding the chairs in proper spaced relation. If it is desired to regauge the'track then the clips of the right hand chair may be interchanged in the manner previously described. Cushioning blocks 58 may be interposed between the chairs and the too of the tie as described in connection with *igure 9.

Figures 15 to 17 illustrate a further modifl-cation. In this fo m of the invention the )late 130 of the chairs has a de aendin flan 'e 131 at: one lateral edge only and this flange extends downwardly and is embedded in the tie Get, a lower edge thereof having the ioriaontal flange 132. The right hand chair has the lateral wings 133 at the edge having the depending; flange and the rail is secured to this chairby clips 38 and the bolts L3. These bolts a3 are secured to the tie 6% by the transverse bolts 35 which extend through the flange 131 of the chairhnd are posi tioned atthe neutral axis of the tie. The left hand chair also has a depending flange 131 at the same edge as the right hand chair and the plate 130 is provided at one of its lateral edges, that s, at the one having the depending flange, with the vertical flange 50 having a notch 51 receiving the flange at the base of the rail and also with a wing 133 for a clip 38 secured in the manner already fully described. As shown, the two dependflanges. 131 are integrally connected by the reinforcing bar 65 and consequently the chairs are maintained rigidly in proper spaced relation.- It will be observed that the manner of securing the right hand rail to its chair provides means for regauging the track. lif desired cushioning; blocks 58 may be interposed between the bottom of the chair and the tie. v

in the cmstruction illustrated in Figures 15%, W 11nd 2t), chairs of somewhatdifferent form from the ones previously described are mounted on independent supports 66 which as shown are made of concrete. Each of the chairs comprises the flat plate 30 at one lateral edge havingthe depending reinforcing flange 231, the flange being stiffened by 'a projecting rib 232 at its edges. The chairs are des' ed to be disposed on the supports with the said reinforcing flange 231 embedded in the concrete. Atone of its lateral edges the plate 30 has the vertical flange 50 formed with a notch 51 adapted to fit over the flange at the base of the rail. The opposite lateral of the plate has a similar flange 50 which disposed diagonally with respect to the flange, this latter flange also being formed wit 1 anotch 51 positioned to fit over the opposite edge of the base flange of the rail. If desired, cushioning blocks 58 may be arranged between thetop of the support and the bottom of the plate .30 and held against displacement by the Jrovision is made in the means for securin .l e:

the chair to the rail for adjusting the rails transversely with respect to each other. In order to provide for such adjustment and also hold the rails in proper soaced relation tie rods 67 are provided, these rods having the bent ends 68 slightly inclined to the length of the rod and formed with the series ofholes 69 for the b.0lts35 which extend through. the support and the reinforcing flanges 281 of the chairs. Preferably one of these tie rods is disposed on each side of the supports and it will be seen, if it is desired to change the gauge of the track, that a very fine adjustment may be obtained by passing the bolts 35 through one of the other holes 69 formed in the tie rods. lhuthermore the bolts 35: pass through the reinforcing flanges 231, the chairs are in effect directly connected by the said tie rods, that is to say, the stresses which act to cause the spacing of the rails to change are carried directly from the. chairs to the tie rods, the supports merely performing the function of carrying the rails and affording sufficient bearing area on the roadbed.

lit will be observed that the flanges 50 which are at the upper edges of the plates 30 as shown in Figure 18 are positioned on the inside of the rails while the other flanges 50 are positioned on the outside-of the rails. This arrangementof the flanges is im iiortant in order that the tie rod 67 may prevent swinging of the supports or cl'iairs in a directioi'i whichmight ('lisengage the notches from the base flanges of the rails.

In Figure 21 I have illustrated a form of theinvention in which the chairs are constructed so that't'hey may be fitted over supports of diflerent widths.- dis shown the left hand chair is similar to the left hand chair of Figure 5 except that it is divided longitudinally, the plate thus comprising' the two parts 330 and 331, the rail being nonadyustably secured to the chair. The opposite right hand chair is similar to the right hand chair of Figure 5 except that the plate is divided longitudinally, that is, transversely to the rail, thus consisting of the two parts 330 and 331. For the purpose of holding therails in proper gauge the

plates

330 and 330 are connected by the integral tie rod 354 andthe plates 331 and 331 are connected by the parallel an'd similar integral tie rod 355. As shown, the chairs are mounted on independent concrete supports 351 and cushioning blo'cks58 may be disposed between the'bottom of the chair plates and the top of the support. The rails may be re-gauged by interchanging theclips 38 of the right hand-chair in the manner previously described. Figure 22 illustrates a construction similar to Figures 9, 10 and 11 except that the chairs are notprovided with thelugs 52 and 5 3,the rails being held in proper gauged position by a tie'rod 454 having threaded ends r55 directlyconnected to thewebs of the rails by. the nuts-4:56 mounted on the opposite sides of the said webs. 'When it is necessary to re-gauge the track the clips 88 of the righthand chair are interchanged and the nuts 4:56 on the tie rod turned so that the rails are'held in the gauged relation. i q

In Figure 23 a modified construction is shown for clamping the clips 38 against the base flange of the rails. Thus instead of using a bolt which extends through the clip and has its head mounted on the transverse bolts 35, a shorter bolt 43 is employed having a head 1&3 which abuts the under surface of the wings 33. By screwing down the nut 45 the clip 38 will be drawn down on to the base flange of the rail, upward motion being prevented by the head l l 8e'ngaging the undersurface of said wing 33.

It will be observed, in all forms of the invention described, the plate of the chair projects on each side of the rail, so that the baseof the rail does not bear on more than the middle third of the plate. Thus, tilting of the plate on the tie is resisted, so that the edges parallel to the raildo not dig into the tie. Furthermore, because of the reinforcing fianges, a plate of relatively great length transverse to the rail may be employed without making it unduly heavy;

Although several forms of the invention have been described in detail it is understood that the invention isnot thus limitedbut in- I eludes-all changes and modifications which come within the scope of p the appended claims. U

' Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new anddesired to be secured by LettersPateiit is I 1. rail comprising a flat plate adapted to be mounted on a support with its lower surface in uninterrupted contact; with the support throughout the width of the support and the length of the plate, said platehaw ing an integral depending reinforcing flange to stiffen the same extending substantially from end to end of the-plate and transversely to the rail,-means to secure the rail to the plate without perforating the latter, the plate extending under and projecting a substantial amount at both sides of the rail, and means to secure the flange to the support whereby the rail is held against displacement, relative to the support without perforating the plate.

2. In combination, a: support, a rail chair comprising a fiat plate adapted to be mounted on the support with its lower surface in contact therewith throughoutan area equal to the width of the support and the length of the plate, said plate projecting a substantial amount at both sides of the rail and having an integral depending reinforcing flange to stiffen thesame extending substantially from end to end of the plate and transverselyto' the rail, means arranged laterally of the plate cooperating therewith to secure the rail to the plate, and means to secure said flange to the support whereby the chair is held against movement relative to the sup port and the rail relative to the ohair'without perforating the plate. v

3. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a'flat plate adapted to be mountdisposed-outside the area of the plate resting on the support to secure'the rail to the plate including a member operatively connected to the base of the rail and said bolt.

4, In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a flat plate adapted to be mounted on said support, said plate projecting at both sides of the rail an amount at least substantially equal to the width of therail and having an integral depending reinforcing flange to stiffen the same in the direction transversely of, the rail, a bolt extending through said flange and support, and means to secure the rail to thesplate including a member operatively connected to the base of tegral depending reinforcing flange to stiffen the same in thedirection transversely of the rail, a pair of parallel bolts extending through said flange and support, and means to secure the rail to the plate including, a belt at each side of the rail 'operatively connected to the base of the rail and one of said pair of bolts. I

6. The combination with a support, of a rail chaircomprising a fiat plate of a length suificient to proJect from. each SideOf the rail a sulistantial amount, the lower surface of said plate resting on said support substantially throughout its area, means disposed ]aterally outside said area to secure the rail and chair together, and means reinforcing the plate against bending including a flange extending substantially from end to end of the plate transversely of the rail, said flange being deepest at the middle section thereof and tapered in depth from said section to the respective ends of the plate.

'7. The combination with a support, of a rail chair comprising a flat plate of a. length sufiicient to project from each side of the rail a'suhstantial amount, the lower surface of said plate restingon said supportsubstantially throughoutiits area, means disposed laterally Outside said area to secure the rail and chair together, and means reinforcing the plateagainst bending including a flange extending substantially from end to end of the plate transversely of the rail, said flange being deepest at the middle section thereof and tapered in depth from said section to the respectiveends of the plate, said flange having, astifiiening flange at its marginal edge. i

8; In combination, a support, a rail chair comprisinga flat'plate adapted to be mounted on the support, a bolt extending through the support arranged parallel to said plate;

meansto hold the rail to. the plate and the chair against movement relative to'the support including a second bolt having one end connected to the first mentioned bolt, and a clip on the other end clamped against the flange at the base of the rail, and means to hold the rail against lateral movementrelative to the chair. I

9. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a flat plate adapted'to be mounted on the support, a bolt extending through the support arranged parallel to said plate, means to hold the rail to theplate and the chair against movement relative to the'support including asecond bolt having one end connected to the first mentioned bolt, and a clip on the other end clamped against the flange at the base ofthe rail,- and means car ried by the plate to hold the rail against lateral movement relative to the chair.

' 10; In combination, asupport, a rail chair comprising a flat plate bearing on the support and projecting on each side ofthe rail an amount at least substantially equal to the width of the rail, said plate havin a (lepending reinforcingflange at each of a pair of its edges transverse to the rail, said: flanges being disposed to contact with the sides of the support, a bolt passing through the support and said flanges, and means arranged laterally outside'of the area of the plateloear-ingon the support to secure the rail to the chair.

11'. In-con1bination,a support,a rail chair comprising a plate bearing on said support and'projecting ateach side of the rail an amount at least substantially equal to the Widthof the rail, said plate having a depending reinforcing flange transverse to the rail, a bolt passing through the flange and support, a second'bolt having one end connected to the "first mentioned bolt and a clip on the other end clamped against the flange at the base of the rail.

12. In combination, a su] )port,a rail chair comprising a flat plate having a depending reintoreingflange transverse to the rail, a bolt passing through the flange and support,'means to secure the rail to the chair including a clip bearing on the flange at the base of the rail and a bolt disposed laterally of the plate to clamp the said rail flange betvveen'the clip and plate.

13; In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a flat plate projecting on both sides oil the rail an amount at least substantially equal to the Width of the rail and having a depending reinforcing range at each of a pair-of its edges transverse to the rail, said flanges being "disposed to contact with the sides of the support, means to secure the chair to the support and means disposed laterally of the plate and said flanges to secure the rail to the chair.

14:. As an article of manufacture, a rail chair comprising a flat plate having a perpendicularly disposed stiffening flange at I each of its longitudinal edges, and a p-airof Wings substantially in the same plane with the plate projecting laterally from each of said edges, the Wings of each pair being spaced a distance greater than the Width of the base of the rail. I I 1 15. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a plate mounted on said support and having lateral Wings in substantially the same plane as the plate, a portion of each .Wing being cut away to form a notch, and means to secure the rail and chair against movement relative to the support including-a bolt extending through said notch having one end connected to the support and the other end operative to: clamp the flangeofthe rail base against the plate. I i

16. In combination, a. sup port,a rail; chair comprising a plate mounted on said support and having lateral win-gs in substantially the same plane as the plate, a portion of each Wing being cut away to form a notch, andmeans to securethe rail and chair against movement relative to the supportincluding a clip bearing on the flange of the rail base and a bolt extending through said. clip and notch and having its lower end connected to the support.

17. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprisin a plate mounted on said support and aving lateral wings in substantially the same plane as the plate, a portion of each wing" being cut away to form a notch, and means to secure the rail and chair aga nst movement relative to the support includlng a cllp bearing on the flange of the ra l base having a portion fitting 1n said notch, and a bolt extendlng through said clip and connected at its lower end to the support.

18. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a plate adapted to be mounted on the support, said plate having a depending reinforcing flange extending transversely of the rail and alateral Wing substantially in the plane of the plate, said Wing having a portion cutaway to form a notch, means to secure the chair to the support, and means to secure the rail to the chair, including a clip bearing on the flange at the base of the rail having a portion fitted in said notch and a bolt to clamp the clip against the rail flange.

19. In combination, a support, a rail chair comprising a plate adapted to be mounted on the support, said plate having a depending reinforcing flange extending transversely of the rail and a lateral Wing sub stantially in the plane of the plate, said Wing having a portion cut away to form a notch, means to secure the chair to the sup port including a bolt passing through said flange and support, and means to secure the rail to the chair including a clip bearing on the flange at the base of the rail having a portion fitted in said notch and a bolt havrail an amount such that the rail rests on i the middle third of the plate and a bolt passing through the flanges of the chair, and

the neutral axis of the tie to secure the parts together. I

21. In cornbination, a support,a rail chair comprising a plate mounted on said support and having lateral Wings in substantially the same plane as the plate, and means to secure the rail and chair against movement relative to the support including a bolt extending past an end of a Wing havmg one end connected to the support and i the other end operative to clamp the flange of the rail base against the'plate.

22. As an article of manufacture, a rail chair comprising a flat plate having a perpendicularly disposed stiffening flange and a pair of wings substantially in the'same plane with the plate projecting laterally from each of its longitudinal edges, the

Wings of each pair being spaceda distance greater than the Width of the base of the rail.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

' WILLIAM G. COUGHLIN.

Certificate of Correction.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,44H,l01, granted January 9, 1923, upon the application or" William G. Coughlin, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Railway Constructions, an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 5, line 55, claim 1, after the Word rail insert the word chair, and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the-seine may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oflice.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of February, A. 1)., 1923.

[SEAL] KARL FENNING,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.