US1440825A - Engine - Google Patents

Description

Jan., 2, 1923. 1,440,825.

A. GUAITA...

ENGINE.

FILED MAY 3,1922- Iwraw fa 4 Qua/fa Patented lat; a; teas;

has ports 25-25' internal combustion nmtan stares [talc-tat Atrnnno swarm, or 'rnnrn, rranrl nnernn To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ALFREDO GUA1TA,a subject of the King of ltaly,and resident of Turin, Italy, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engines, of which the following is a specification,

The present invention relates to two stroke engines and has for its object an engine which comprises one or more pairs of concentric cylinders arranged inalignment with each other, and driving pistons each located in one of said cylinders and connected by pairs, these pistons acting also to control inlet and exhaust ports provided in the walls of said. cylinders.

The figure of the annexed drawing shows by way of example an embodiment of the present invention in central vertical section.

In said embodiment 1 and 2 are concentric cylinders supported by a frame 0 in alignment with and spaced apart to some extent from each other. These'cylinders are connected by a sleeve 3 which is fastened to the adjacent opposite cylinder covers and opens into the respective cylinder chambers.

The upper cylinder is closed by a top. cover 21 while the lower one opens into a closed chamber 11 which in thisembodimentis rovided by the crank case.

Within the cylinders 1 and 2 are located the respective pistons 5' and 6 which are hollow and bell shaped with their-transverse walls or bottoms arranged-towards each other and connected by a hollow rod e which reciprocates gas-pressure-tight through the sleeve 3. 2

The cylinders 1 and 2 are provided with ports 23-23 respectively, which are located at points spaced to equal distances from the ends of the respective cylinders located adjacent to each other and said ports 23-23 are adapted to be shut by their cooperating pistons and to remain clear therefrom on these pistons reaching one end of the stroke;

other ports 24-24 are provided in the cylinders which are similarly shut by their re-.

spective pistons 5 and 6 and are arranged to remain clear therefrom on the pistons reaching the opposite end of their stroke. V In the middle portion of the hollow rod 4 is located a transverse partition 26 which provides in said rod two chambers 5, 6 opening in the respective pistons 5-6; at the two sides bf said partition said hollow rod 4 hereinafter described.

The ports 23-23 open in annular cham- '23 are open bers 27 -27 having a connection 31 for inlet of a combustible charge or of an air charge, the ports 2 1-2 1 open respectively in annular chambers'28-28 having an outet 32.

The intermediate sleeve,3 and the'adjacent workingchambers of the cylinders 1 and 2 are preferably provided with a cooling water 3acket 29*.

Each cylinder is provided with igniting means which are shown by way of example in the form of sparking plugs 30.

The lower piston 5 is connected by a rod 33with a crank shaft 34: journalled in the frame 0, as usuaL.

The operation'is as follows: assuming the reciprocating pistons 5 and 6 to be in the position shown by the diagram that is at their lower dead centre, the ports 24: of the cylinder 1 are cleared and the combustion gases of a previous operation are discharged 'through28 and 32,while the ports 25 admit into the same cylinder 1 an amount of fresh charge which has been compressed in the casing l lvdu-rin'g the downward stroke of the piston 5, this piston scribed and putting in communication the casing 11 with the chamber 5' of the hollow rod 4, as described.

' At this time in the cylinder 2 is being completed the compression stroke during which 5 being hollow as dethe ports 241-25 are closed, while the ports for admission of mixture or air into the space 2 Then the pistons 5-6 tive cylinders Land 2; ports 25 are closed as soon as the lower porrise in their respecin the first one the tion of the hollow rod 4 has entered the sleeve I 3 and the ports 24 are closed by the piston. Then in the cylinder 1 is made the compression of the charge and at the same time a vacuum is produced in the space 1' and in the chamber 11.

Near the end of this stroke the piston 5 clears the ports-23 and then the charge supplied through the supply duct 31 may enter the chamber 11 in which a vacuum has been produced as described.

Thereafter is promoted the ignition and combustion of the mixture compressed in the cylinder and the piston 5 is caused to make its downward stroke during which it compresses in the space-1' and the chamber 11, the charge intended to enter the cylinder 1 through the ports 25 after this stroke has been completed. 1 r

' space 2 out departing from th 'vention which is only Then the engine is again in the position shown on the drawing and the same operation is repeated. 4

e operation in the cylinder 2 is similar he above described one and moreparticularly when the piston 6 is moved upwardly by the combustion of the charge in the cylinder 2, it compresses the charge in the top portion 2 of the cylinder; at the end of this stroke the exhaust port 24 and the supply one 25 are clear fromthe piston so as to produce an injection of the cylinder and the exhaust of gases therefrom. Then the moved down by the operation of the engine to compress the charge in thecy'linder'2 and to draw a further amount of charge into the and so on.

In each of the cylinders is thus obtained a two stroke cycle and the operations of the cylinders are so timed as to; driving actions with each revo ution of the crank shaft, this making very even the running of the engine which operates like a double acting engine. I

he described arrangement makes possible to provide the inlet and exhaust ports at two opposite ends of each cylinder and thus the combustion gases may be fully exhausted, without any loss of fresh mixture. I

Further all the admission and exhaust ports are controlled directly by the driving pistons and by parts solid therewith, without any additional moving part or valve.

the combustion.

The engine maybe operated by means of liquid fuel which s atomized or converted into gas before being supplied to the inlet ducts 31, or it may beoperated-by introducing a et of liquid gaseous fuel may b ent' positions than that illustrated, say they horizontal or inclined, and many other modifications may be introduced in the construction described and'illustrated, withe spirit of this indefined by the ap pended claim What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is I 1. In an engine, a ranged in alignment and exh trol the admission and exhaust to and from said cylinders.

ii an engine, a pair of cylinders arranged-in alignment with each other, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder, a piston .hollow charge into the piston is. again hollow rod to the Iproduce two'- cooperating to control the alignment with in each cylinder, a hollow rod connecting said pistons',a partition in said rod, this rod having passages at the two sides of said partition leading from the hollow of each piston tothe} chamber of the respective cylinder, means connecting said pistons and rod to the engine crank 'shaft, sa1'd lstons and hollowrod cooperating to conrol the admission and exhaust'to and from c the engine cylinders, I

a pair of cylinders arhollow rod sliding through said connecting said pistons, "said rod'having' ports adapted to open into said cylinders, and means connecting said pistons and engine crank shaft, said pistons and rod cooperating to control the admission and exhaust to and from the engine cylinders.

4. In an engine, a pair of cylinders in alignment with each other, inlet and exhaust ports in' each cylinder intermediate its ends, a sleeve connecting said cylinders, a piston in' each cylinder,

ofsaid ports and clear the other one when it is at one end of-its stroke, a hollow rod stroke and having such an extension as to close one mg said pistons and hollow rod with the engine cran kshaft, said pistons and ports admission and exhaust to and from said cylinders.

5.-In an engine, a pair of cylinders in alignment with each other, inlet and exhaust ports in each cylinder intermediate its ends,

a sleeve connecting said cylinders, a piston in each cylinder, this piston being hollow and connecting said pistons and having an intermediate partition, and ports at the two sides of this partition, these ports being so located as to open into the cy inder when the piston is closing said inlet ports and clearing-the exhaust ones, and means connecting said pistons and hollow rod with the engine crank shaft, said pistons and ports cooperating to control the a ission a d exhaust to and from said cylinders.

11 an engine, a pair of cylinders in each other,

when it is at one end of its stroke, a hollow rod connecting said pistons in such a respective position as one of them clears the inlet ports of its cylinder at the time the other one clears the exhaust ports of its own cylinder, said hollow rod having an intermediate partition and ports at the two sides of this partition,

the ports of said rod being so located as to open into the cylinder when the piston is closing said inlet ports and 10 clearing the exhaust one.

Signed at Turin,

April A. D. 1922.

Italy, this 7th day of ALFREDO GUAITA.

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