US1437273A - Manufacture of ferrous alloys - Google Patents
Manufacture of ferrous alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1437273A US1437273A US564617A US56461722A US1437273A US 1437273 A US1437273 A US 1437273A US 564617 A US564617 A US 564617A US 56461722 A US56461722 A US 56461722A US 1437273 A US1437273 A US 1437273A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- lbs
- manufacture
- carbon
- chromium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000905957 Channa melasoma Species 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000002329 Inga feuillei Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011874 heated mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 sodium nitrate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
- Y10S75/959—Thermit-type reaction of solid materials only to yield molten metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S75/00—Specialized metallurgical processes, compositions for use therein, consolidated metal powder compositions, and loose metal particulate mixtures
- Y10S75/962—Treating or using mill scale
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of ferrous alloys composed of iron and relatively small proportions of chromium, with or without carbon and with or without other metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel,
- One object of the inventlon is the production in a simple and economical manner of chromium-containing allo s of known types, such as stainless stee and highs d steel.
- Another object 1 s the prodifition of rustless iron, i. e. an alloy of iron and chromium containing little or no carbon.
- the invention is based upon the discover that if oxide of iron, in the form of mil scale or the like, be mixed with pulverized silicon or ferrosilicon (containing, say, over 50% Si) and a suitable oxidizing $0 a nt containing nitrogen, such as sodium nitrate, reaction may be initiated at a point in the cold or heated mixture as in the wellknown alumino-thermic rocess and if suitable proportions of the lngredients be used 85 the reaction proceeds to completion, a high yield of iron'practically free from carbon and silicon resulting.
- suitable additions to the mixture either initially or during the reaction or after reaction has 40 taken place, alloys of the iron with other metals and with or without carbon may be obtained.
- a ferrous alloy composed of iron and a rela tively small proportion of chromium, with or without carbon and with or without other metal or metals, such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, manganese or titanium, is roduced by the silico-thermic 60 reduction 0 oxide of iron in the form of mill scale, magnetic oxide, ferric oxide or the like,- by means of silicon or ferro-silicon (containing, say, over Si) in the presence of a suitable oxidizin agent containing nitrogen, such as ium nitrate or ums-scrum. or rnimcus ALLOYS.
- suitable bhromium-yielding and if required other ingredlents being a ded to the mixture either initially or during the reaction as the appropriate oxide, to be reduced simultaneously with the oxide of iron.
- This may be generically referred to as chromiferous material.
- the carbon may be added as such to the mixture or may be added as a constit'utent of the chromium or ferrochromium used.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 28, 1922.
UNITED STATES V 1,437,273 PATENT OFFICE.
HOEATIO ARTHUR SKELLEY AND AN DREW IBBABNER SMITH, OF BATTERSEA, LONDON, ENGLAND, ABSIGNOBB TO CONTINUOUS REACTION COMPANY, LIMITED, 01' LONDON,
ENGLAND.
Illo Drawing.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, HORATIO ARTHUR SKELLEY and ANDREW 'BRABNER S MrrH, subjects of) the King of Great Britain, re-
5 sidin at 155 Church Road, Battersea, London, W. 11, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Ferrous Alloys, of which the following is a specification. I
This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of ferrous alloys composed of iron and relatively small proportions of chromium, with or without carbon and with or without other metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel,
manganese or titanium.
One object of the inventlon is the production in a simple and economical manner of chromium-containing allo s of known types, such as stainless stee and highs d steel. Another object 1s the prodifition of rustless iron, i. e. an alloy of iron and chromium containing little or no carbon.
The invention is based upon the discover that if oxide of iron, in the form of mil scale or the like, be mixed with pulverized silicon or ferrosilicon (containing, say, over 50% Si) and a suitable oxidizing $0 a nt containing nitrogen, such as sodium nitrate, reaction may be initiated at a point in the cold or heated mixture as in the wellknown alumino-thermic rocess and if suitable proportions of the lngredients be used 85 the reaction proceeds to completion, a high yield of iron'practically free from carbon and silicon resulting. By making suitable additions to the mixture, either initially or during the reaction or after reaction has 40 taken place, alloys of the iron with other metals and with or without carbon may be obtained.
According to this invention, therefore, a ferrous alloy composed of iron and a rela tively small proportion of chromium, with or without carbon and with or without other metal or metals, such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, manganese or titanium, is roduced by the silico-thermic 60 reduction 0 oxide of iron in the form of mill scale, magnetic oxide, ferric oxide or the like,- by means of silicon or ferro-silicon (containing, say, over Si) in the presence of a suitable oxidizin agent containing nitrogen, such as ium nitrate or ums-scrum. or rnimcus ALLOYS.
Application filed Kay 29, 1922. Serial No. 564,617.
suitable bhromium-yielding and if required other ingredlents being a ded to the mixture either initially or during the reaction as the appropriate oxide, to be reduced simultaneously with the oxide of iron. This may be generically referred to as chromiferous material. If it is desired that the resultant alloy contain carbon, the carbon may be added as such to the mixture or may be added as a constit'utent of the chromium or ferrochromium used.
The following examples illustrate the invention: I
1. Stainless s'teeZ.Into a crucible is put a mixture of 100 lbs. of mill scale, 221} lbs. pulverized silicon (or 25 lbs. of ferrosilicon containing 90 per cent Si), 15 lbs. of sodium nitrate and 10% lbs. of crushed chromium (or 16 lbs. of ferrochromium. containing 65 per cent Cr), a quantity of carbon sufficient to ensure the presence of not more than 0.6 per cent thereof in-the resulting alloy being introduced, preferably as a constituent of the chromium or ferrochromium. Preferably 7% lbs. of calcium fluoride, are added to enhance the fluidity of the slag produced. Reaction is initiated as in the aluminothermic process.
I]. High speed stecZ. Into a crucible is put a mixture of 100 lbs. of mill scale, 28?; lbs. of pulverized silicon (or 31% lbs. of ferrosilicon containing 90 per cent Si), 15 lbs. of sodium nitrate, and 21% lbs. of tungsten ore free from tin and other objectionable impurities and containing per cent of WO and 16 per cent of FeO. Preferably 71} lbs. of calcium fluoride are added to enhance the fluidity of the slag produced. Reaction is initiated and 31} lbs. of ferrochromium (containing 65 per cent Cr and 6 er cent carbon) and 6 lbs. ferrovanadium 30 per cent V) are then added to the molten reduced metal. In this example the tungsten in the resultingalloyis produced by the silico-thermic reduction of the tungsten oxide in the ore.
inga
III. Rustlees ir0n.-The procedure is the same as in the first example above except that the materials employed contain little or no carbon. The invention is particularly suitable for the production of this alloy, which possesses properties of considerable industrial value.
What we claim is 1. The manufacture of an alloy containing iron and chromium by the silico-thermic reduction of iron oxide and chromiferous material in the presence of an oxidizing agent containin nitrogen.
2. The manu acture of an alloy containing iron and chromium by the silico-thermic reduction of iron oxide and chromiferous material in the presence of a nitrate oxidiz- 3. he manufacture of an alloy containin iron and chromium by the silico-thermic re uction of iron oxide and chromiferous material in the presence of carbon and an oxidizing agent containing nitrogen.
4. The manufacture of an alloy containin iron and chromium by the silico-thermic re uction of iron oxide and chromiferous material in the presence of carbon and a nitrate oxidizin agent.
5. The manu acture of rustless iron by silico-thermic reaction in a mixture of 100- as our invention we have signed our names this 17th day of May, 1922.
HORATIO ARTHUR SKELLEY. ANDREW BRABNER SMITH.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US564617A US1437273A (en) | 1922-05-29 | 1922-05-29 | Manufacture of ferrous alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US564617A US1437273A (en) | 1922-05-29 | 1922-05-29 | Manufacture of ferrous alloys |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1437273A true US1437273A (en) | 1922-11-28 |
Family
ID=24255215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US564617A Expired - Lifetime US1437273A (en) | 1922-05-29 | 1922-05-29 | Manufacture of ferrous alloys |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1437273A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3194649A (en) * | 1962-04-27 | 1965-07-13 | Okazaki Shigeyuki | Filling substance for producing chromium-molybdenum steel |
DE102016113089B3 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-11-16 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Process for the recycling of silicon waste |
-
1922
- 1922-05-29 US US564617A patent/US1437273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3194649A (en) * | 1962-04-27 | 1965-07-13 | Okazaki Shigeyuki | Filling substance for producing chromium-molybdenum steel |
DE102016113089B3 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-11-16 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Process for the recycling of silicon waste |
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