US1432135A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION man NOV-4, 1920.

1,432,135, Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET J. SYLVAN. VENTILATOR,

APPLICATION FILED NOV.4, 1920.

Patented Oct. 17, 192.2.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. {4, I920.

1,432,135. Patented Oct. 17,1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

Patented Oct. 17, 1922.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH SYLVAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTILATOR.

Application filed November 4, 1920. Serial No. 421,625.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, JosEPH SLYVAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilators; and I dohereby declare thatthe following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ventilators for roofs, skylights and the like, and consists in the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

The object of the invention is to improve the construction and operation of that type of ventilator illustrated and described in my copending application for patent, filed April 29, 1920, and bearing Serial Number 377,47 1.

The many advantages of the invention will more fully appear as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section through a skylight, to which my improved Ventilator has been applied.

Figure 2 is a View on an enlarged scale of the parts at the top of Figure 1, with several of said parts in a changed position.

Figure 3' is a view similar to Figure 2 with several of the parts in another changed position.

Figure 4 is a View of parts shown in the left hand side of Figure 3, with said parts in a still further changed position. I

Figure 5 is a horizontal detail section taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6' is a vertical detail section, taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a detail View in elevation of a post or upright, embodied in my invention.

Figure 8 is a horizontal detail section taken on the line 88 of Figure 2.

Figure 9 is a detail view in elevation of a hinge block which will be more specifically referred to later.

Referring'now in detail to that embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings :15 indicates the gabled skylight of a building to which my improved ventilator construction has been applied. Said skylight which may be'of any desired length, includes longitudinally spaced, transversely extending horizontal beams 16, which rest at their ends on the skylight curbs 17, standards 18 arising from sald beams along the median line of the skylight, and rafters 19 which are fixed to said standards at about their middle and to the ends'of the beams. Said rafters are inclined downwardly and outwardly from each other from said standards to provide the pitch for the skylight. Preferably all of said parts are made of angle bars. Connecting the rafters 19 are longitudinally extending angle bars 20, which are spaced equidistant on each side of the standards 18, and secured to said angle bars are the inner ends of smaller inverted T bars 21 arranged parallel with the rafters 19, to provide the necessary support for the skylight panels 22. Said panels are made of any suitable material, permitting the entrance of light. The angle bars 20 and the panels 22, together with upright triangular plates 23 at the ends of the skylight, define a rectangular opening 24, at the ridge or peak of said skylight. The outer ends of the inverted T bars 21, are connected together by longitudinal angle bars 25, arranged near the outer top corners of the curbs 17, and gutter strips 26 connect said bars with the curbs and act to catch such vapor as condenses on the under side of the panels and discharge it at the ends of the skylight.

Each standard 18 is built up of the transversely spaced, oppositely facing angle bars 27--27 which are riveted or otherwise secured at their bottom ends to the beams 16. The top ends of the transverse flanges of said angle bars are beveled off as shown in Figure 7 and secured to the other opposed flanges at the top end of said bars, and extending beyond the top thereof are inverted U-shaped straps 28, each having a filler block 29, between its legs, the said flanges, straps and blocks being riveted together. The top ends of said straps and filler blocks are formed to provide a support for a longitudinal shaft 30 which extends the full length of the skylight. Between said angle bars 27, and coacting with the bottom ends of the straps 28 and filler blocks 29, are shorter filler blocks 31 which provide a bearing for a second longitudinal shaft 32, which also extends the full length of the skylight. Said shorter filler blocks extend a suitable distance outwardly beyond the face of the transverse flanges of the angle bars 27 to act as stops, as will appear later. To the outer faces of the transverse flanges of said angle bars 27,. near their bottom ends, are secured plates 38, each of which has a hole 3.4 to provide a bearing for a third longitudinal shaft 35, which also extends the full. length of the. skylight. Secured to the inner opposed flanges of the angle bars 27, and extending between the filler blocks 31 and plates 33, are guide strips 36, the upright exposed margins of which terminate short of the outer ends of the filler blocks 31 as shown in Figure 6 so that said blocks overhang said guide strips. The bottom ends of said strips are spread apart as shown at 37 in Figure 7.

Reference numerals 38-39 indicate simi-. lar, longitudinal sections or frames which are pivotally connected to the shaft 30 so as to swing in a vertical plane. Said sections are of a length equal to the distance'between the end plates 23 0f. the skylight, and are of a combined width so as to overhang the angle bars 20 and the inner top endswater tight connection between said bars and.

panels.

The flanges of the anglebars 40, arranged parallel with the panel, have secured to them, hinge straps 44 which embrace and have pivotal bearing on the shaft 80. Preferably these straps are arranged, one on each side of a standard 18, pins 45 (see Figure 6) passing through the shaft at the ends of said straps, locking said straps against endwise movement on said. shaft Eachstrap includes a filler block 46 to add strength and rigidity thereto as shown in Figure 9. When the sections 38 and. 39 are in their normal. closed position, the angle bars 40 rest upon the beveled top end of the angle "bars 27 forming the uprights 18.

Means are provided to close the gap between the spaced, adjacent margins of the sections against the entrance of rain, snow or dust, no matter what the relative inclination may be between said sections and such means are as follows :--4748 indicate thin sheet metal sealing strips, the outer margins of which are bent to provide longitudinal loops 49 that overhang the inner margins of the panels 43. The middle portions of said strips extend over and beyond the top edge of the substantially upright flanges of the angle bars 40, and the inner margins 50, of said strips, are transversely curved so that one overlaps the other to provide for the maximum amount of swinging movement of the sections 38-39." A flexible weather-proof ridge strip 51, which encloses or covers the strips 4748, is secured at its margins, between the inner margins of the panels and the parallel flanges of the angle bars 40. The ridge strip 51 fits snugly over the sealing strips when both sections 3889 are in their closed positions as shown in Figure 1, butwill flex or buckle to provide for the movement between said sections. This ridge strip may be of any flexible waterproof material such a sheet lead or even prepared roofing, and to prevent the cutting of the same by the edges of the panels, I provide a protecting strip 52 which binds the edges of the panels so that direct contact with said ridge strip is avoided. I n a Toy the inner surfaces of the angle bars 41, at the outer ends of the sections 38-39, is secured a sheet metal gutter strip 53, which is so formed as to catch the water of condensation from the panels 43, and discharge the same at the ends thereof. Said gutter strips-each include an inverted channel 54 which engages about the top edges of the angle bars 20 of the skylight and prevents the entrance ofrain, snow, or dust into the opening 24 when the. saidsect-ions are in their closed positions.

Means are provided for swinging the sections into open position, either simultane ously or independently of one another so that the wind may blow over the opening 24 in one case, or over the outer margin 0f either section 38 39, in the other case, to establish a suction. up through said opening and properly ventilate the entire room of the building beneath the skylight. Such means are as follows: 5.5--55 indicate links of a suitable length arranged in pairs, there being one pair of such links. for eachv upright 18, used in the skylight. The outer ends of each pair of links are pivotally connectedto brackets 56 fixed to the T bars 42 near their outer ends, the inner end of the links being pivotally connected together as at 57. Thepivots 57 each include a roller 58 and an eye 58 The .rollers are adaptedin one instanceto have a guided movement between the guide strips 36 of the uprights 18, and the eyes 58 (see Figure 6) have se-' cured to them the like ends of chains 59.

The other ends of said chains are wound about and are fixed to the shaft 32 before mentioned. A pulley 60 is also secured to said shaft between its ends, and associated with and trained over said pulley is an actuating chain 61 which hangs down in a loop within convenient reach of the person desiring to operate the same. When both sections are in the closed position shown in Figure 1, and neither section is locked in this position as will hereinafter be described, the roller 58 will occupy a position below but in line with the guide space between the plates 36. A pull on the chain 61 will rotate the shaft 32, and wind up all the chains 59 thereon, the rollers 58 entering the guide passageway between the plates 36 until the inner ends of the links engage the projecting ends of the blocks 31, and stops there. As the inner ends of the links are thus raised, they will impartran upward swinging movement to both sections simultaneously, into'a position inclined slightly downwardly from thehorizontal plane of the axis of the shaft 30. With the sections in this positionas shown in Figure 2, or in any position intermediate the full closed and full opened position, the parts are so proportioned that their weight will not cause them to fall into a closed position. Thusthe atmospheric airma-y pass beneath the sections and over: the top of the opening in the sl'rylight toprovide the necessary ventilation. I i i Should it be desired to open only one section and not the other, I provide a'means which may be actuated to lock either section, so that the unlocked section may be opened by the chain 61.

Fixed at desirable points on the shaft 35, preferably near each standard 18, is a looking bar 62, the top end of'which is bent to, providethe oppositely disposed hooks 6363 which carry an inverted V-shaped cap piece 64. Said bars are fixed at their bottom ends to the shaft 35, and are of such length that the hooks 63 and cap piece 64E, normally overhang the top edges of one or the other of the angle bars 20, the margin of one hook substantially entering the gutter provided by the strip 53 on the angle bars 41 at the outer end of each section. Fixed to about the middle of the shaft 35 is-a loop 65 which extends in a direction opposite thebar 62,-

and from said loop-depends a chain 66 (see Figure 1) which may be pulled to rock the shaft and thus swing the locking bar from one side to the other to lock the'desired section.

' In Figure l the locking bar is shown as engaging the section 89. If it isdesired to open this particular section, the chain 66 a; actuated to swing the locking bars'into the position shown in dotted lines in said Figure 1. A pull on theleft hand side lap of the chain 61 will rotate the shaft 32 in a counter clockwise direction, and will wind up thechains 59 thereon. This will tend to pull the inner ends of the links upwardly, but as the section 38 is locked, the roller can not enter the guide passageway between the plates 36, as the inner ends of the links will swing about the pivotal connections with the section 38 and thus away from said passageway. As the chains 59 are further wound about the shaft, the links will tend to straighten out, with the result that section 39 is swung into its full open position wherein it will extend in a plane-inclined upwardly from the horizontal axis of the shaft 30. Thus, with the wind blowing upon the closed section, a part of the same will be deflected by the top surface of the open section, and as it passes over the outer margins of the open section, it will produce a partial vacuum beneath said margin, and thus establish a suction up through the opening 24 in the skylight. To close said section, a pull is imparted to the right hand lap of the chain.

Should it be desired to open the section 38, the locking bars 62 are moved into looking engagement with the section 39, when a pull on the left hand lap of the chain will openthe section 38 in the manner above described.

WVhen both sections are in their open position, and it is desired to again close the same, it-is immaterial on which side the locking bar is positioned, because in the closing movement of the sections, the gutter strip 53 will engage the cap piece 64 of said locking bar, and by reason of the inclination thereof, will push the same inwardly as shown in Figure 4, until said strip passes said can piece. To properly adjust the normal locking positions of the locking bar with reference to the gutter strips on the outer margins of the sections, I provide stop pins 67 in said bars near their hooked ends, which stop pins engage against the angle bars 20. Preferably these stop pins are threaded through said bars and have associated nuts for locking them in their adjusted position.

It is apparent that my improved ventilator: construction possesses many advantages. @ne or the other section may be opened to provide the desired suction above the sky light opening, according to which way the wind is blowing. A one piece ridge strip of flexible material is used so that it is impossible for rain or snow to enter through the space between the inner ends of the said sections.

Furthermore, should both sections be in their closed: position, and an excessive air pressure be'built up for any reason, in the room beneath the skylight, said pressure will lift the unlocked section and thus pass tions normally closing said opening, a shaft spaced above said opening, means pivotally connecting the adjacent inner margins of said sections to said shaft, so that said sections are capable of a swinging movement about said shaft away from: and toward said opening, means for normally locking either section in its closed position, and operating means common toboth sections for swinging the unlocked section into 1ts open positron.v

2. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of op positely' arranged, angularly disposed sectionsnormally closing said opening, a shaft spaced above said opening, means pivotal-1y connecting the adjacent inner margins of said sections to said shaft, so that said sections arecapable of a swinging movement about said shaft away from and toward said opening, means for normally locking either section in its closed position, said means beingcapable of being actuated so: as to release both sections, and operating means common to both sections for swinging.

them into their openposition when said locking means is in a position" permitting such movement.

A ventilatorof the kind described, comprising incombinat'ion wit-h means ,provid ing: a ventilation opening, a shaft spaced above and extending longitudinally of said opening, sections pivoted at their adjacent margins to said shaft, to'swing in a vertical plane toopen and close said opening, a swinging bar pivoted in a plane below said shaft for engaging and locking. either section in a position closing said opening, and actuating means common to both sections to swing them into' open and closed positions, said means when one section is-in its lockedclosed position, acting to open the other section.

I 4. A ventilator ofthe kind described, comprising in combination with means providing an elongated ventilation opening, a shaft spaced above and extending longitudinally of said opening, sections pivoted attheir adjacent margins to said shaft, to swing in a vertical plane to open and close said opening, a rock shaft parallel with but below the first mentioned shaft, a locking bar on saidflslrafasaid bar including hooks adapted to engage the outer margins of either section, and means acting to open both sections simultaneously when said hooks are disengaged therefrom 5;- A ventilator of: thekin'd describedcom: prising: in combination with means providing. aventilation opening, standards rising in the median line of saiid opening, a shaft journalled in the top ends of said standards, sections pivoted onsaid shaft and capable of a swinging movement to open and close said opening, links pivoted at their outer ends to said sections and at their inner ends, to each other, actuating: means connected to the inner ends of said links, and means on said standards for guidinggthe-inner ends of said links when said actuating means are operated.

6. A ventilator of the kindldescribed, comprising in combination with means providing. a ventilation opening, standards arising in the. median line of said opening, a shaft j ourn-alled -in the topendsof said standards, sections pivoted on said shaft and capable ot a swinging movement to open and close said opening, links pivoted at theirouter ends to saidsections and at their inner ends to each other, actuating chains connected to the-inner ends of said links,-meanson-said standards for guiding the inner ends of said links when-said actuating chains are operated, and means on said standards limiting the upward movement of the inner ends of said links with respect to said guiding means;

7. A ventilator of the kind described,- comprising in combination with meansproviding an elongated ventilation opening, standards arising in the median line of said opening,- a shaft journalled in the top ends of said standards,- sections pivoted on said shaft, and capable-of a swinging, movement to-open and close said opening, links pivoted at their outer ends to said sections and at their inner ends to each other, a roller associa-ted with: the inner ends of said links, operating chains also secured to said inner ends of said links, guide strips on said standard 116 to receive therollenand a stop on said standard at the-topends of said guide strips.

8. A ventilator of the kinddescribed comprising in combination with means provid-i'n' ZJ'a ventilation opening, a horizontally 120 exten'f ingv shaft, ventilator sections one on each' sid'e of said shaft and including inner and outer marginal angle bars, straps secured to said inner angle bars and having loops passing about the shaft, and means for actuating said sections to swing them about said shaft, one at a time or both together, said parts being so constructed thatwhen both sections-are swung together they will stand in a position inclined downwardly from the horizontal plane of the axis of said presence of two Witnesses, this 29th day of shaft, buglwhen only one section is swung; October, A. D. 1920. into a fu open position, sai section wil stand in a position inclined upwardly from JOSEPH SYLVAN 5 the horizontal plane of the axis of said shaft. Witnesses:

In testimony that I claim the foregoing T. H. ALFUDS, as my invention, I afiix my signature in the CHRISTINA DEAN.

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