US1410623A - Ventilator - Google Patents

Description

L SYLVN.

VENTILATOR.

APgLvlcAmN man APR. 29, 1920.

@wanted Mar. 289 31922.

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J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29 1920.

Pand Mar. 289 19222Y @mmm 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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J. SYLVAN.

l vENmAToH.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 29) 1920.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.,

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JOSEPH SYLVAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

VENTILATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 31922.

Application iled April 29, 1920. Serial No. 377,474.

ings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ventilators for roofs, skylights and the like .as to induce a Ventilating action out through said opening.

`This object of the invention, as well as the advantages thereof, will be made more apparent as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view ofa skylight roof, showing my improved construction'applied thereto for use in connection with an elongated ventilation opening in the peak or ridge of said skylight.

Fig. 2 is a vertical, transverse section, on an enlarged scale, taken in a plane indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. 1 and shows the construction in a vposition closing the ventilation opening in the skylight.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but with one of the sections in its open position, so as to produce a ventilation action through said opening in the skylight. 1

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but with the sections shown in a changed position.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of parts of the frame-work embodied in my improved construction.

Fig. 6 is a detail, perspective View, showing the manner in which a certain actuating member is locked against operation.

Fig. 7 is a detail, vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through the ridge of my improved construction, and illustrates more particularly, the manner of scaling the ridge joint of the two sections.

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal, detail vertical section through one of the sections, as taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 1.

Referring now in' detail to that embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings l 10 indicates the gabled skylight of a building to which my improved construction has been applied. As herein shown, the skylight is of a length greater than its width and includes longitudinally spaced rafters 11, which are inclined downwardly and outwardly from each other from the ridge, and intermediate panels 12, which are suitably supported on said rafters 11. Said panels, which are of any suitable material, terminate at their top or inner ends at a distance from the junction of the rafters to deline an opening 13, spaced equidistant on each side of the ridge of the skylight. The said inner ends of the panels are enclosed in bent, sheet-metal plates and flashing members 14. As shown in Fig. 1, the opening 13 extends substantially the full length of the skylight.

Arising from the skylight at the ends of the opening 13, are transversely disposed, upright, substantially triangular end plates 15, which are of such width as to project beyond the sides of the opening 13, as shown in Fig. 2.v The bottom parts of said end plates are secured in any suitable manner to the skylight and they are connected together near their middle by a longitudinal, inverted channel 16, which rests upon the junction of the rafters 11, and is secured to said rafters in a manner rigidly connecting them together.

17 indicates upright standards in the form of angle bars, which rise from the channel 16 at points` spaced equally from each other. The endmost standards'are arranged closely adjacent and are connected to the end plates 15, while the intermediate standards, which rise from the channel 16 in the plane of therafters 11, are braced against longitudinal movement by inclined bars 18 (see Fig. 5) which connect said standards at `points near their middle to said channel 16. The standards 17 are also braced against lateral movement by inclined struts 19, which are fixed at one end to said standards near their top ends and to the rafters 11, as shown. Associated with each standard and its pair of struts 19,

is a cross bar 20, which is also connected to the channel 16 and to the bottom end of the associated standard. Preferably, 1 provide a longitudinal shaft 21 to connect the top ends ofl the standards 17 together and to connect said standards to their assgciated struts 19, said shaft being rotative "for a purpose to appear later.VV

The structure just described provides asubstantial frame-work which is rigidly connected to the rafters of the skylight in a`manner preventing any yielding or warping of said frame-work. Y

22--23 indicate similar, longitudinal sections or frames, which are pivoted on the median line of, but above the opening 13, to swing in a vertical plane. Said sections or frames are of a length equal to the distance between the end plates 15 and are of a combined width so as to overhang the sheet metal plates and flashings 14 of the skylight` defining the opening 13, when said sections are opened or closed as shown in Fig. 3. Each frame includes transversely extending, edgewise arranged fiat bars 24, which are hinged. in pairs at their inner ends, to the top ends of the standards 17, there being one pair of such bars for each standard 17. Each bar 24 carries top and bottom glazing strips -26 (see Fig. 8) to receive between them panels 27. These panels may be either a transparent or opaque material. To the outer ends of said bars are secured a bent, sheet metal trough strip 28, which receives the outer ends ofv the panels and holds them in place. Said trough strips include a. downwardly bent fiange 29, which rests upon the flashings 14 of the skylight, when said sections or frames are in their closed positions. To the inner, adjacent ends of said bars 24 are secured longitudinal sealing strips 22a-23 which have a relative telescopic movement so that the joint between the inner ends of the sections 22-23 is effectively sealed against the entrance of rain or foreign matter, no mat; ter what the angular positions of the said` sections may be. The sealing strip 22a on the. section 22 enters into the trough-like space 23b in the sealing strip 23a on the section 23. which space registers at its ends with a discharge opening 15 in the end walls 15 when the section 23 is in its closed position, as shown in Figs. 2, 3'and 7. Each sealing strip 22a-23 includes a depending fiange 30, through which the bars 24 extend, said flanges acting to stiff'en the sealing strips and more effectively connect the sealing strips to their respective sections.

Pivotally connected at their outer ends to the outer ends of the -bars 24, are brace bars 33-34 which are pivoted to each other at their inner ends by a pin The said brace bars are preferably angle bars and the inner end of the upright flange of the bars 33 normallyoverhang and engage upon the horizontal flange of the bars 34. to form knuckle ment of the inner ends of said brace bars,

but'said joint prevents a downward movement of the inner ends of said bars beyond that position wherein they are in alignment. lSecured to the inner end of each brace bar 33, near the pivot p in 35 is a small length of chain 36, which is wound a few turns about and is then fixed to the shaft 21.

Secured to the shaft 21 at about its middle near the vertical plane of one of said sets of brace bars 83-34, is a small pulley 37, about which is trained an actuating chain 38, the bottom looped end (not shown) of which, hangs in a position within convenient reach of the operator standing on the floor of the building to which the construction has been applied. The two laps of this chain pass though a flat loop 34 fixed to the upilight fiat face of the bar 34 near its inner ent. a

To open and close said sections, I provide a window operating mechanism such as is illustrated and described in my pending applie-ation for patent, filed April 19, 1920, Serial Number 375,005. As the said window operating mechanism is set forth in detail in said application, a general description only of said mechanismrwill sufiice here.

39 indicates a longitudinally extending shaft. which is journaled in bearings 40 secured to the topedges of the rafters 11, near that flashing 14 beneath the section 22. This shaft is capable of being rotated by means of a pulley 41 fixed. thereto. an operating chain 42 being` trained aboutsaid pulley. A guide 43 depends from the shaft and acts to prevent the chain from jumping off said pul- Pivotally connected to each bar 24 of the section 22, at a point spaced inwardly from the point of connection of the bars 33 thereto, are rods 44, in the form of angle bars. which normally rest upon the shaft 39 and extend inwardly and downwardly at substantially a. right angle to the section 22 when said section is closed. Cha-ins 45-46 which are connected to the shaft 39 and are wrapped a few turns about the same. are fixed at their ends to the inner and outer ends of the said rods 44. Thus when the shaft is rotated in wav in which the shaft is rotated.

The operation is as follows Assuine that both sections 22--23 are in their closed positions and that the inner ends of the brace bars have folded upwardly so that the knuckle joints between them have been broken. It will be noticed that the chain 38 has been so engaged between the flat loop 34" and bar 34, as to be locked against movement.- hence pulling on either lap of said chain is futile and inoperative to open the section.

Assume now that a downward pull has been imparted to that lap of the chain 42 farthest removed from the flashing strip 14. This of course will rotate the shaft 39 to wind and unwind t-he chains connected thereto and impart an outward and upward movement to the rods 44 which will swing the section 22 about its pivot into an open position. As said section thus swings upwardly, the bars 33-34 will tend to straighten out by reason of the increasing of the distance between the outer ends of said bars. hen said bars have fully straightened out, the knuckle joint will hold said bars in this position and thus any further upward movement of the section 22 is prevented, by reason of the connection with the other section through the now aligned, straightened out bars33-34- This fully opened position of the section 22, is shown in Fig. 3, wherein said section is inclined upwardly7 and outwardly from the horizontal.

Assume now that a wind is blowing in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3. Said wind will strike the section 23 and be deflected upwardly toward the ridge to join with. that striking the top surface of the section 22. This wind willsetup an aspirating effect about the outer edges of said section to produce a suction which will pullthe airfrom the interior of the building out through the lopening 13 in the skylight. noticed that if a vertically descending rain occurs with no appreciable wind, the same cannot enter the opening 13 by reason of the overhang of the outer edge of the section with reference to said opening. With the section 22 in this position, the chain retaining loop 34xl on the bar 34 has released the chain from the Agrasp of the inner end of the loop, by moving away from the chain, which is now free to be pulled for the purpose of operation, if it should thus be desired. Assume that the wind has changed and is blowing ina. direction opposite to that shown in Fig. 2. The chain 42 is then operated to rotate the shaft 39 in the opposite direction. This will impart an inward movement to the rods 44 which will pull the section 22 into its closed position, the section 23 swinging upwardly into its open position (as shown in F ig. 4) by reason of the aligned and locked bars 33- -34, both frames thus swinging as an entirety in this movement. The wind will now set up an aspirating action about the outer edge of the section 23 and thus produce a suction to draw air out of the opening 13, in the same manner ,It will'be herein as before described in connection with the section 22 when it was in its open position As the said sections are now rigidly connected together by the bars 33-34 and as they balance each other, the movement of the operating shaft may be stopped so thatA both sections may be partially opened so that the wind can blow over the opening 13 beneath the outer edges of both sections. This midyay position is indicated by dotted lines in When the section 22 is being swung into its closed position, and the section 23 is simultaneously being swung into its open position, the flat loop 34a will in the swinging movement of the extended aligned bars, engage and grip the chain 38 and carry it upwardly with it so that its bottom end will be lifted into a position just above its normal position, just out of the reach of the operator.l Should the operator be able to reach the chain in this position, it is apparent that a pull on the Same will be of no avail to breakl the joint between the two bars 33-34.

o again close both sections, it is thus necessary to pull on the shaft operating chain 42 to swing the section 22 into its fully closed position as shown in Fig. 3. This again releases the chain 38 from the gripping action ofthe flat loop 34. Said chain 38 is then actuated to rotate the shaft 2l which will wind all of the chains 36 upon itself, thus pulling upwardly ori/the knuckle`F` joints-between the bars 33-34 to break the same. With the joints thus broken, the section 22 cannot fall by gravity as 'it is still held in its open position by the window operating mechanism. Said mechanism is now actuated to swing said section downwardly to close said section, the been closed beforehand. In this movement, the inner ends of the bars 33`34 will fold into the position shown in Fig. 2.

It is thus apparent that a suction action is produced through the opening 13 when either section is fully opened, according to which way the wind is blowing. The chain for breaking the knuckle joints between the bars 33--34 is free for actuation only when the section 22 is open. said chain at other times being held against actuation by thegrips of the loop 34, Thus the construction is foolproof, in that the sections cannot be actuated to fall or slam into a closed position, which slamming would be injurious.

By means of my improved construction. a greater ventilation area is possible by reason of the fact that the suction is produced over the whole area of the skylight opening 13 at one time.

The improved construction when made with transparent panels shuts off no light entering the building through the skylight.

()ld skylights and roofs may be easily changed to receive my improved ventilator other section having A a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections nornially closing said openings, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins in a plane spaced Jfrom and being capable of a swinging movement away from and toward said ventilation opening, means forswinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions, and means operable in .the opening. swinging movement of said section for rigidly connecting both sections together so that thereafter both sections swing as one.

2. A ventilator of the kind described, coinprising in combination .with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, said sections being -pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movement in a veitical plane away from anJ toward said ventilation opening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions, and means operable in the opening, swinging movement of said section for rigidly connecting said sections together, so that when said first named section is swung into its closed position. the other section is swung into its open position.

3. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movement in a vertical plane-away from and toward said ventilation opening, means for swing one of said sections into its open and closed positions` means operable in the opening swinging movement of said section for rigidly connecting said sections together so that thereafter both sections swing as one, and means operable only when the first named section is in its open position for breaking the rigid connection between said sections.

4. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely aranged, angulai'ly disposed sections normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent niargins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closedpositions, and normally folded bars which are connected together at one end and connected at their other ends to each of said sections, said bars being adapted to unfold in the opening swinging movement of said first section into alignment and to rigidly connect said sections together so that when said first named section is swunginto its closed position, the other section is swung into its open position.

5. 'A ventilator of the kind described, coinprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movementin a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening,

.means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions, normally tolded bars, having a hinge-joint connection at their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections, said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said first section and straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sections together so that when said first named sectionis swung into its closed position, the other section is swung into its open position, and means for breaking the joint between said bars.

6. A Ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacentmargins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilationiopening and being capable of a swinging movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions, normally folded bars, having a liinge-joint connection at their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections, said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said -first section and straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sections together so that when said first named section is swung into its closed position, the other section is swung into its open position, and means operable at a distance removed from said bars for breaking the jointbetween said bars.

7. A ventilator of the kind described. coinlill) prising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening. a pair of oppositely arranged. angularly disposed sections, normally closing said oj'iening. said sections being' pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizfnital axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening. means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions. normally folded bars. having a hinge-joint connection at their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections. said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said first section and straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sections together so that when said first named section is swung into its closed position. the other section is swung into its open position, and means operable at a distance removed from'sa'id bars and only when the first section is 1n its open position, for breakingl the joint between said bars.

S. ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening. a pair of oppositely arranged. angular-ly disposed se-etions. normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a` swinging' movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening, means for swinging one of' said sections into its open and closed positions. normally folded bars. having a binge-joint connection at their inner ends and connected at their outer' ends to said sections, said bars unfolding in the opening movement-'of said first section and straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sections together so that when said first named section is swung into its closed position, the other section is swung into 'its open position. a longitudinal .shaft arranged in a plane below that of the pivotal axis of said sections, flexible members fixed to said shaft and to the jointbetween said bars. and means for rotating said shaft for winding said flexible members about said shaft to break the joint between said bars, said means being operable only when said first named section is in an open position.

9. A ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a means providing a ventilation opening, a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed sections, normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted attheir adjacent margins on a horizontal axis spaced above said ventilation opening and being capable of a swinging movement in a vertical plane away from and toward said ventilation opening, means for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed positions. normally folded bars. having a hinge joint connection at their inner ends and connected at their outer ends to said sections, said bars unfolding in the opening movement of said first sectionnind straightening out into alignment and rigidly connecting said sections together sothat when said first named section is swung into its closed position. the other section is swung into its open position, a longitudinal shaft arranged in aplane below that ot' the pivotal axis of said sections, flexible niemberstixed to said shaft and to the joint between said bars. .a pulley on said shaft. a chain for operating said pulley to rotate the shaft for winding said flexible members about the shaft to break the joint between said bars. and means on one of said barsI for automatically gripping said chain and holding said chain when said first named section is in any position other than an open position.

lt). A ventilator of the kind described. comprising in combination with means providing a ventilation opening, end plates rising from said means at the ends of said openings. a member extending centrally of said opening. standards arising from said member. means for bracing said standards, a pair of' oppositely arranged. angularly disposed sections normally closing said opening, said sections being pivoted at their adjacent margins to the top ends of said standards and being capable ot a swinging movement away from and toward said ventilation opening. a shaft journaled in said standards below the pivotal axis of said sections. meansl for swinging one of said sections into its open and closed position. bars jointed together at their inner ends and connected at their other ends to each sect-ion, flexible members connecting said bars to the shaft, a chain operated pulley on said shaft, and a fiat loop carried by one of said bars and adapted to grip the chain and hold it against operation at all times except when one of said sections is in an open position.

11. In a ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a pair of oppositely arranged, angular-lv disposed sections which are pivoted at their adjacent margins to swing in a. vertical plane about a horizontal axis, Sealing strips, one carried by each adjacent margin. said strips being adapted in the swinging movement of the sections to telescope, the one within the other without. disengagement.

l2. In a ventilator of the kind described, comprising in combination with a pair of oppositely arranged, angularly disposed SeC- tions which are pivoted at their adjacent margins to swing in a vertical plane about a` horizontal axis, sealing strips, one carried by each adjacent margin, said strips being adapted in the swinging movement of the sections to telescope, the one within the the other without disengagement, one of said sealingr strips including* a trough which opens at the ends or' said strip.

13. ln a construction of the kind described `the combination ot' downwardly and outwardly inclined rooil rafters, roof sections supported by said rafters. the said roof sections beingspaced apart at their top margins to provide an opening at the ridge of the roof. upright members fixed to the rafters at the ridge of the roof and extending into a plane above said ridge. means for bracingsaid upright members from said rafters and ventilator sections for opening and el0s- JosEPH sYLVAN.

lVitnesses T. H. ALFREDS, EDITH A. BREEZE.

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