US1427175A - Ventilating skylight - Google Patents

Description

J. SYLVAN.

VENTILATING SKYLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED DEC 17,1921.

Patented Aug. 29, 1922.

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VENTILATING SKYLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED DEC, I7, I92I.

Patented Aug. 29, i922.

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JOSEPH SYLVAN, 0F CICERO, ILLINOIS.

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specification of Letters Patent Patented Ang. 29, 1922,

Application led December 17, 1921. Serial No. 523,019.

To all whom it may concern: A

Beit known that l, JOSEPH SYLVAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cicero, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Ventilating Skylights; and I do -hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description being had to the accomand to the letters of refpan in drawings y g which form a part erence marked thereon, of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements 1n Ventilating skylights and consists of the matters hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

One of theobj ects of the present invention is to provide a skylight wherein the upper or ridge panel sections are so connected as to be capable of being swung as a unit, and

the two lower sections are each pivotally connected, at their outer margins, to the frame structure so as to be swung inwardly, inde-- pendently of each other. Another object of the invention is to provide a Simple and efcient pivotal connection between the outer marginal parts of the lower panel lsections and the skylight structure.

Still a further object of the "invention is i to provide a new and novel operating mechanism for swingingthe lower panel sections from a full closed to a full open position and vice versa, or for holding them in any position between saidffull closed and full opened position.

These objects of the invention as well as others, together with the many advantages thereof will more fully appear as I proceed with my specification.

In the drawings z- Figure 1 represents a transverse section through a skylight construction embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a View in elevation on an en larged scale .of an operating mechanism embodied in my improved skylight;-

Figure 3 is a view in end elevation ofthe parts shown in'Fig 2;

Figure 4 is a top plan View of the parts shown in Fig. 2;

Fi ure 5 is a horizontal detail section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, and

f Figure 6 is Ja detail section through one of the. glazing bars, as taken on the line 6-6 of tFig. 1.

Referring now in detail to that embodinent of my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, 10 indicates as a whole one of the trusses of the skylight frame or structure. This truss includes a transversely extending `bottom bar '11, a. centrally arranged upright post or bar 12, and oppositely inclined rafter bars 13. The rafter bars are connected at their outer ends to the like ends of the horizontal bar 11 and are connected at their inner ends to the upright post 12 intermediate its ends. -The ends of alll the horizontal bars 11 rest upon and are embedded in the top marginal parts of the curb walls 1/1 (only one of which is shown in Fig. 1) which define the skylight opening in the building roof 15. The structure thus far described is preferably made of angle bar. Journalled in the posts 12 are tw'o longitudinal shafts 16 and 17 respectively, the purpose of which will appear later. The shaft 16 is located at the extreme top ends of said posts, while the shaft 17 is located in a plane between the transverse bar 11 and the pointof attachment of the rafters to said middle posts or standard 12. Secured to the outer ends of the transverse frame and rafter bars, in'

the vetical plane of each curb-wall 14, is

a substantially heavy gutter strip .18, the

clined legs 22, normally extending in planes parallel to the rafter bars 13. The outer ends of the said legs of the glazing bars are fixed to longitudinally extending, flat panel frame bars 23 and to each frame bar is attached a weather-strip having a flange 24 arranged at a right angle to the legs of said glazing bars. Restingat their lateral margins upon the glazing bars are the panels 26 preferably of glass, there being layers or pads of putty 27 in't'enposed between the glazing bars 'and the margins of said panels (see Fig. 6). Said panels 'substantially meet at the rige of the skylight where putty 28 (see ig. l) is provided Athe panel frame bars 23.

the space between the adjacent ends of the panels. Said e'nds are further enclosed by a longitudinally extending. ridge strip 29. Associated with each glazing bar 22 is a sheet metal cap strip 30, extending from end to end of the glazing bar and over the ridge stri-p 29 in such manner as to hold the same in its proper position. The top marginal parts of the weather strip anges 24 provide the end stops-for the outerlends of the panels 26. A

\ Associated with the upperor ridgeM sec-. tions 20 is a plurality of secondary rafter vbars 31 which extend parallel with the glazhaving an axis coincident'with that of theV shaft 16. Said arcuate bar has rack teeth 33 at its middle which are in mesh lwith a gear pinion 34 fixed to the shaft 17. Also fixed to said shaft is a chain pulley 'wheel 35 'actuated from below by a chain 36. It is apparent from the foregoing that the sides.

of the upper or ridge panel sections will counter-balance each other so that they Will normally stand in the full li'neqposition shown in F ig. 1 when they cover or over; hang substantially :one-half ofthe skylight opening 15.

The lower panel sections 21 normally extend at an angle different from that of the upper panel sections 20 and are made up ofa plurality of longitudinally spaced,

inverted 'iT-shaped glazing bars 37 which are fixed at their top or inner ends to one flange 38 of a longitudinal channel bar 39. The other flange 40 of said channel normally engages against the inner surface of the bottom part of the weather-strip flange 24.

- The outer or bottom ends of the glazing bars 37 are secured to a longitudinal flat bar 41, one marginal part of which engages beneath the hook flange 19 of the gutter strip. 18. Interposed between the ends of the glazing bars 37 and the flat bar 41 is a cover strip 42 which, has ajweb shoulder 43 associated with` the glazing bars, which are secured thereto in the same manner as the panels 26 are secured tothe glazingA bars 22'. The outer marginal part 44 of each cover strip is bent back upon itself, and engages the outer surface of the hook flange 19 as shown in Fig. 1 and thus prevents the formation of ice or the entrance of snow or rain into the gutter strip 18.-

As is apparent, the hook flange 19 and the bar 41 provide a pivotal or hinged con` nection for the lower panelsection 21, about .truss bar.

which the sanie may be swung, the inclined position of said lower panel section acting to hold the hook flange and bar in the proper coacting position.

Means are provided( for swinging each The horizontal flange `of each truss -bar 11 is provided at each side of the upright post 12 with series of equally spaced holesl 50. Capable of a rolling movement on said flange are toothed cylindricafmembers or rollers 51, one associated with each of the lower panel sections 21. Each `roller has teeth 52 which engage in the holes 5() in the manner of a rack and pinion. The rollers 51 are fixed on longitudinal vshafts 53 and to each shaft is fixed a chain pulley 54 about which an endless operating chain 55 is trained. Associated with each toothed roller is a link 56, through which the shafts 53 extend as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, said link being arranged adjacent the ,vertical flange of the truss bar 11. The top end of the link is pivotally connected to an eye 57 on the channel bar 39, while the bottom end of 4said baris bent as shown and has aiiixed to one side a bracket or hook 58, the bottom end of said bar and said vbracket receiving, between them, the vertical flan e of the truss, bar 11. The top end oft e hook 58 is so constructed that it will substantially engage, at all times, with the bottom surface of the horizontal flangeof the It is apparent thatv the link ban not shift in a direction parallel with the shafts nor vcan the shafts and rollers be yvertically displaced with reference to the truss bar. Thus the rollers' areheld in proper position and can only travel vor be rolled longitudinally of the truss bar 1.1.

Associated with each chain pulley 54 is a chain guard which includes a spider plate 1 6() having two horizontal arms 61 and a vertical arm 62, said plate having a bearing hole through which the shaft 53 extends.

.The arms 61, 62 have their ends bent to partially embrace the other side of the pulley wheel and thus prevent the chain 55 from jumping off' the pulley. Secured to the horizontal arms of the chain guard are the vertical arms 63 of a depending U-shaped bracket or yoke 64. The horizontal cross member 65 of said bracket is bowed upwardly at its middle and near the ends `thereof are provided key-hole shaped openings 66 through which the laps of the chain extends. The restricted ends of said open ings are defined by fusible metal blocks 66a (see Fig. 5) which, under certain conditions, act in a manner to appear later. Secured to the vertical arms of said yoke are horizontal bars 67, the free ends of which engage upon the top surface of the horizontal swing flanges of the truss bars 11 and prevent the chain guard from rotating with the shaft 53.

The operation is as follows: Assume that all the sections are in their normally closed position as shown in full lines in -Fig. 1 and that the lower sections have been locked in this position against opening under the action of gravity, by reason of the chains being caught in the restricted parts of the openings 66. Assume that it is desired to that lower section 21 at the left-hand side of the skylight, into open position. The operator. grasps the right-hand lap of the chain 55 and frees it from the restricted part of the associated slot 66 and pulls downwardly on the same. rlhis will rotate the pulley 54 and the roller 51 in a clockwise direction, causing the roller to travel or roll on the truss bar 11 toward the post 12. As the roller thus moves, the shaft 53 will move with it, the link 56 changing its position to allow the panel section 21 to swing downwardly "about the hook flange pivotal connection until it rests upon the rafter bars 13 as sho-wn in dotted'lines in Fig. 1, which is the full open position for this panel section. Said panel section may, if desired, be locked in a partway open position, simply by, pulling the active lap of the chain 55 inwardly toward they middle of the yoke 64 to again engage and catchit in the restricted narrower part of the key-hole opening 66 defined by the fusible block 664, in

said yoke.

The righthand lower panel section 21 may be swung in the same manner as just dey scribed, into the full open position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. When both lower sections are in their full open positions,the wind may blow in beneath one margin of the top panel section and then over or across the skylight opening and out beneath the other margin ofthe top panel section.

When both lower sections are in the open position and it is desired to have an opening at one side only, of an increased area, the chain 36 associated with the upper panel section is actuated to swing the same as a unit about the shaft 16 as an axis, until the margin of one side thereof (the lefthand side as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1) rests upon the lefthand lower panel section. As the top sections swing as a unit, the righthand half will of course move upwardly away from the righthand lower panel section, into substantially a horizontal plane, increasing the area of the opening as is apparent from the dotted linesin Fig. 1. Thus when the wind is blowing from left to right, a vacuous condition is set up at the margin of the righthand half of the upper section, which will establish. a suction action providing an up-draft through the said opening. 1t is apparent that a wide variety of openings may be had by the different relative poupwardly opening hook flange,

sitions of the panel sections, so that any degree of Ventilation within certain limits is possible.

Should the sections be in the closed position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 and should a fire occur in the building room beneath the skylight, the fusible blocks 66a defining the restricted parts of the slots 66 in the yokes 64, will fuse and free the chains 55 so that the lower sections would swing downwardly, under gravity, into open position, the operating mechanisms moving toward the post 12 to accommodate for such opening of said panel section. 1n this movement the said operating mechanisms will act to somewhat retard the 'opening movement of the said sections so that no slam will occur to break the panels. Thus the lower section will open automatically in case of lire.

The many advantages are readily apparent from the foregoing description. While in describing 'my invention I have referred to certain details of mechanical construction and arrangement of parts, I do not wish to be limited thereto except as may be pointed out in the appended claims.

1 claim as my invention 1. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination, a frame structure, upper and lower panel sections, on said frame structure, means providing a hook flange on said frame structure, and a member on one longitudinal margin of the lower panel section engaged with said hook flange and providing a hinge joint between the frame structure and lsaid lower panel section, about which the lower panel section may be swung.

2. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination, a frame structure, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure, means on the outer lmarginal part of the frame structure providing a longitudinal,

and a longitudinal member on the outer marginal part of the lower panel section, engaged with said hook flange and providing a hinge joint between the frame structure and said lower panel section, about which said lower' panel section may be swung.

3. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination, a frame structure, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure, means on frame structure providing a longitudinal, upwardly opening hook flange, a longitudinal member on the outer marginal part of the lower panel section, engaged with said hook flange and providing va hinge joint between said frame structure and lower panel'section about which said lower panel section may be swung, and a weather strip carried by the outer marginal part of said lower panel section for enclosing said hinge joint.

the outer marginal part of the combination with a frame structure, including frame bars, upper land lower'panel sections on said frame structure, means providing a hinged connection between the bottom margin of said lower panel section and said 'frame structure about which said lower panel section4 may be swung, an operating device mounted on and. capablepof being moved along one of said,frame bars, and means connecting said operating device with the inner margin of said lower panel section.

5. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure," including frame bars, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure about which said lower panel section may be swung, a toothed member having a traveling engagement with one of said fraine bars, means operable from .below for causing said toothed member to travel on said frame bar, and a link operatively connecting said toothed member with the inner marginal part-of said lower panel section.

6. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure, including frame bars, upper and'lower panel sections on said frame structure about which said lower panel toothed member having7 a traveling engagement with one of said frame bars, means operable from below for causing said toothed member to travel on said frame bar, a link operatively connecting said toothed member with the inner marginalvpart of said lower panel section, and means for holding said toothed member in engagement with said frame bar as it travels along the same. 7. A. Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure, including frame bars, upper and lowerpanel sections on said framestructure about which said lower panel section may be swung, a toothed member having a traveling engagement with one ofcsaid frame bars, means operable from below -for causing said toothed member to travel on said frame bar, a link operatively connecting said toothed inember with the inner marginal part of said panel section, said link being constructed to prevent displacement between said toothed member and said frame bar.

'8. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure, including a transversely extending angle bar having spaced holes in its horizontal flange, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure, means providing a hinged connection between the bottom margin of said lower panel section and said frame structure about which said lower panel section may be swung, a. toothed wheel capable of traveling upon the horizontal fiange of said angle bar with the teeth thereof engaging in said spaced holes, a link operatively connecting said toothed member with the 1nsection may be swung, a`

ley wheel fixed to with said toothed member, travel along said angle bar.

9. A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure, including frame bars, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure, means providing a hinged connection between the bottom margin of said lower panelsection and said frame structure about which said lower panel section may be swung, a toothed member having a travelin engagement with said frame bar, a'sliaft toothed member, a link p-ivoted at one end to the topy margin of said lower panel secition and having a hole near its other end through which said shaft extends, a pulley fixed to the shaft near one end of said toothed member and a chain passing over said pulley and operable from below for rotating said pulley in either direction.

10. yIncombination with a frame structure, including a bar, a panel section having a hinged connection along one margin with said frame structure, an operating device for swinging said section about its hinged connection, comprising a member having a toothed engagement with said bar, a shaft to which said member is fixed, a chain pulsaid shaft, and a chain for causing it to means operable from. below and connected xed coaxially of said guard mounted on said shaft for preventing the chain from jumping the pulley, and means on said guard engaging said bar for guiding said guard in its movement as said toothed member travels along said bar.

l1. In combination with .a frame struc'-v ture, including ya bar, a panel section having t a hinged connection along one margin with said'frame structure, an operating device for swinging said section about its hinged connection, comprising a member havingl a toothed engagement with said-bar, a shaft to whichsaid member is fixed, a chain pulley wheel fixed to said shaft, an endless chain passing over the pulley, and a chain guard mounted on the shaft adjacent the pulley, and including a bottom cross bar having key hole openings throughwhich the laps of said chains Yextend and by means of` which the chain may be locked to determine the position of the toothed member on said frame bar. l2.` A Ventilating skylight comprising in combination with a frame structure, including a transversely extending frame bar, upper and lower panel sections on said frame structure, means providing a hinged connection between the -outer margin of the lower panel sections having two downwardly and outwardly diverging sides which are pivoted on a horizontal axis at the top ends of said posts,'means connecting the outer margins of the sides of said panel together, means providing a pivotal connection between the bottom margins of said lower panel sections and said frame structure, about which the lower panel section may -be swung, and an operating mechanism associated with each panel section for swinging it about its pivot, the parts being so arranged that one or the other of the lower panel sectiones must be at least in a partway open position before a swinging movement can be imparted to the upper panel section.

14. In combination with a skylight frame structure, a panel section having a pivotal connection therewith, a chain actuated, oper- 13. A Ventilating skylight comprising inl combination, a frame structure including upright center posts, upper and lower panel sections on saidframe structure, said upper ating mechanism for swinging said panel, a chain guard having parts with holes therein through which said chain extends, and fusible means carried by the guard and adapted to be engaged by the chain to lock thel same against movement through the guard.' y

15. In combination with a skylight frame structure, a panel section having a pivotal connection therewith, an operating mechanism capable of movement onv said frame structure, a chain for actuating said mechanism, and a chain guard having key-hole shaped openings through which the chain passes, the narrower part of said openings being defined by a yfusible block adapted to be engaged by one of the links of the chain.

In testimony that l claim the foregoing as my invention, l affix my signature inthe presence of two witnesses, this 14th day of December, Al). 1921. Y

Josera sYLvA-N."

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