US1430004A - Method of making socket-wrench heads - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 26, iZg,

iran

1,430,004 fir/,jrritiri*z ETALIVIAR G. CARLSON, OF WORCESTER, FfASSACIE'USl'l'IS,` ASSIGll'OR TO ROCKWOOI) SIPRXNKLER COIJFANY OF' MASSAGHUSET,TS,v OF WORCESTER; MASSCHUSETTS,`A

CORPORATION 0F .MASSACHUSETTS.v l

ianrrron or luz-imno sooner-WRENCH HEADS. 1

vApplication ined inne 5, ieiasxeriai no. 301,855.

To all whom t may concern.' f

Be it known lthat I, HJALMAR G. CARLSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at lllorcester, in the county of Torcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Method ot Making ,Socketf lVrench Heads', ofwhich' the following is a specification. c

This vinvention relates to a method of working sheet metal, capable of general use7 but particularly adapted for the manufacture oi socket wrench heads. These heads have been made heretofore usuallyy from solid metal by comparatively expensive processes; and this invention is designed to greatly reduce the expense of manufacture.

The invention involvesthe forming o'ifa flat blank of sheet metal unto a cup shape. The closed end is reduced without reducing the cylindrical open end. rl`his blank is I drawn between the' punch anddie by a longitudinal, that is axial pressure, to further reduce the closed end and flatten it so that the iiattening operation will be done by the drawing process andthe metal will iiow inwardly toward the" plunger which is shaped to provide a passage of thel desired non-circular form through the blank.` Then the blank is punched clear through lthe closed end to continue the non-circular shape and providey an opening for the wrench handle7 and finally the iinished external and inten nal shape is given to the open end, as for example, it is made into a heXagon it it 1s to be used for a hexnut. Although this represents briefly the preferred way of carrying out the process, it is to be understood that l do not limit myself to all the steps or details thereof except as expressed in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figs. l, 2 and 3 are central sectional views of a blank showing'three 1ofthe early steps in the process ofmanufacture'g- Fig. 4 is a sectionalv view of a die with the blank therein and the yplunger brought into position to permit thenext drawing operation Fig 5 isa view ofthe blank in the view of the openend of the blank;

,Renewed February 2o, 1922. serialiiuo.$38,097.`

intofwhich the blank is placed showing the` punching through'theend of the blank;

Fig. 9 is an end view oli theblank in the same condition as shownin Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a side View partlyin sectioniof the finished article; .y n

' Fig. vll is an end viewof the same, and l Fig. l2 is a side viewlof the finished head and handle. v y

l have not shown the original flat blank of which the article is to be 1nade,but vin Fig. l have shown it at A after it has been subjected tothek iirst drawing operation. rllhe second operation producesthe blank B shown in Fig. 2 by velongating the blank shown in Fig. l and reducing its diameter. lt is of a general cylindrical form vwith one open end and the other end closed by a convex endv wall.l The stepsy required toproduce the iirst two blanks are common in this industry andneed not be described in detailYand it is to be understood furthermore that whether it takes one, two, or more operations to get the blank ready itor ,the next step depends upon the characterv and thickness of the metal employed.

In Fig. 3 lv have shown the blank C as having passed through another' rdrawing op eration in a die of circular cross sec-tion, being punched into it by means of a plunger also having a cireularycross section,the die andplunger beingr smaller at one end than at the'other end and the blank being ejected after it is formed in .the'usual way. 4ltwill .not be necessaryto describe the details of the die and plunger, but they produce from the blank B' shownin. Fig. 2 the blank C shown in Fig. -Theopen endet this blank atl@ is shownas .substantially cylindrical and oi the same diameteras. the cylindrical portion of the blank 13. This cylindrical portion extends only ,ai short distance from the open end and the` blank isgthen con-` This blank C is then placed in a die 16k and operated on by a punch or plunger 1.7 to produce the modified blank D. The die 16 has a circular portion at the top of the same diameter as the part 12, which pro duces an elongated cylinder 22 at the open end of the blank, the plunger 17 being cylindrical at this point and having a sharp shoulder at 18. The plunger also has a reduced portion 19 which is flattened on two sides. The die 16 also has a shaping cavity at the bottom which is of a general cylindrical shape throughout a part of its periphery, but is provided with two flat portions on opposite sides corresponding in position to the flattened parts of the plunger 1.9. This produces a wall 23 on the article which is provided with two flat surfaces 2G and two other surfaces 27 which constitute part of the same cylinder. The thickness of the metal all around this portion is substantially the same because the shape of the plunger extension 19 that l have described above provides two opposite flat walls 29 parallel with the walls The blank D, having been formed as above described and ejected, is placed in another die 36 which is not designed to change materially the outside shape of the article, but diders from the die 1G mainly in that it is open at the bottom. Then the plunger' 37 having a shape and size substantially the saine as that of the plunger extension 19 is forced down through the blank to punch out a hole 34 in the bottom of it of the same shape and size as the passage in the blank D. This produces the blank E.

The next step of the process consists, in this form of the invention, in shaping this blank E in suitable dies, not shown, to produce the blank F which differs from the blank E merely in having its external surface lengthened and changed from the cylindrical shape to a hexagonal shape at 32. 1n side it is also given a hexagonal shape at Ofvcourse if any other shape is desired that will bc within the scope of this invention.

It is to be understood that this opening 31 is provided for the reception of the flat end of a wrench handle 38 which is inserted inv the opening and headed over inside so as to form a complete socket wrench as shown in Fig. 11 if that is the object aimed at. Or it can be left detachable as shown for fitting a plurality of socket heads. It is to be observed that the extension 19 and plunger 37 are non-circular so that the end of the handle 3S can be made of similar shape in a very simple manner out of round bar iron.

ln describing the preferred way of carrying out the invention I have specifiedA merely the mechanical steps without calling attention to the details and specific results thereof. 1t is to be noted, however, that the formation of the blank D from the blank` C is accomplished by flattening the cylindrical shoulder 18 on the inside of the blank D.

This is a drawing orrdisplacement process and moves the metal longitudinally in a manner that could not be accomplished by a mere compression of the blank to flatten it on opposite sides. Such a pressure would tend to increase the diameter of the curved surfaces instead of forcing the metal back into the shoulder as stated above.

1n this 'way an article of the class described, or of any generally similar form, ran be produced by a series of the simplest kind of metal drawing operations from sheet metal, and thus when it is to be produced in large quantities a very material saving can be effected in the manufacture. At the same time a product is secured which is uniform, strong, and light and is not likely to have any cracks or imperfections if made from ordinary qualities of sheet metal that are on the market.

Although 1 have illustrated and described only a single form of the invention and shown it as applied to the manufacture only of a Single article l am aware of the fact that changes in the procedure can be made and that the invention can be used broadly in this art for the manufacture of other arl ticles without departingfrom the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims.

Therefore l do not wish to be limited in these respects, but what I do claim is: -4

l. The method of making a hollow article which comprises shaping a piece of sheet metal into the form of a hollow member having an open end and a closed end, flattening the closed end on opposite sides, then punching a non-circular hole through the closed end wall, and finally shaping the o pen end.'

2. The method of making a socket wrench which consists in shaping a piece of metal into the form oi' a hollow member having a closed end and an open end, draw" ig it out to reduce its diameter at the closed Yend and flattening it on opposite sides. then punching a hole through the closed end wall, and finally shaping the open end.

8. The method of making a socket wrench head which comprises shaping a piece of sheet metal by die punching operations into the form of a member having a rounded closed end, reducing and simultaneously flattening the opposite sides of the closed end, by a drawing operation withoutv modifying the open end, then punching a noncircular hole through the closed end wall for the reception of the end of a handle.

4. The method of making a socket wrench head which consists in shaping a .piece of ysheet metal into the form of an open ended cylinder having a closed end, reducing and simultaneously' iiattening the closed end, without modifying the shape of the open end, by a longitudinal drawing operation,

then punching a non-circular hole through reduced passage at its mouth, then punchA ing a non-circular hole through the closed end oi the same size and shape as the fiattened passage for the reception of the end or' a handle, and finally giving the open end the desired shape to it a nut.

6. rlhe method of making an article of the class described, whichI comprises shaping a blank from sheet metal to give it an open `end and a reduced closed end flattened on opposite sides and convex on its intermediate surlaces, and punching out the centero the closed end to produce a non-circular perforation having opposite fiat sides parallel with the fiat sides of the exterior.

The method of 'making an article of the class described, which comprises produeing a blank from sheet metal having an open end and a reduced closed end flattened on' opposite sides, and punching out a noncircular perforation kin the center of the closed end. i

S. The method of making a socket wrench which consists in shaping a piece of sheet metal into the formofv an open ended cylinder having a closed end, reducing and flattening the closed end, then punching a non-circular holel through the closed end, giving the open end the desired shape to tit a nut, inserting a piece oi' bar iron flattened on the vend into said hole, and heading it over inside.

. 9. The method of makinga socket wrench which consists in shaping a piece of sheet metal by die punching operations into the form of an open ended cylinder having a rounded closed end, reducing and iattening the closed endy and the central passage therein, by a drawing operatiomleaving the narrow dimension of the passage slightly less than the diametery oi' the reduced passage 'at its mouth, .then punching a noncircular hole through the closed end ofthe same size and shape. as the iiattened passage, giving the open end the desired shape,

inserting a piece of bar iron flattened onk the end into said hole, and heading it over inside.

ln testimony whereof l have hereunto aiiixed my signature.

HJALMAR G. CARLSON.

Images