US1428574A - Oil-burning apparatus - Google Patents

Description

E. L. WOOLLEY.

01L BURNING APPARATUS. I APPLICATION FILED, 050.29, I

mama Sept. '12, 1922,,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. L. W'OOLLEY.

OIL BURNING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 29, 1919.

AAQSfi'M, PatenfiedSept. 12, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 12, T1922.

STATES ERNEST L. WOOLLEY, 0F PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND.

OIL-BURNING: APPARATUS.

Application filed December 29, 1919. Serial No. 348,017.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ERNEsT L. VVooLLnY, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Providence, in the county of Provideuce, State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to oil-burning apparatus for steam boilers or other furnaces, and consists in improvement-s in the construction, arrangement and method of operation of the same.

One object of the improvement is to provide an oil-burning apparatus which may be installed on coal-burning furnaces without alteration in the structure thereof, and without requiring extensive fitting or machine work thereon.

" Another object of the improvement is to provide an apparatus which is simple in construction, economical to manufacture, and proof against derangement or getting out of order.

Another object of the improvement is to render the apparatus economical to operate, easy to regulate, and convenient for cleaning or adjustment.

Another object of the improvement, is to render the apparatus universally adaptable for practically all types of boilers, and generally more efiicient and economical in oper-' ation than other types of oil-burning furnaces now in use.

Further objects of the improvements will appear from the following specification,

' comprising a detailed description of one embodiment of the invention as illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in'which like reference characters designate like parts. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a usual type of steam boiler furnace showing my improved oil-burning apparatus applied to use thereon;

Fig. 2, a front elevation of the apparatus;

Fig. 3, a vertical, sectional view of the casing of the apparatus taken on the line X-X of Fig. 1, and illustrating the manner in which it is fitted to the fire-door opening of the boiler;

. Fig. 4, a vertical, sectional view of the air-damper of the apparatus, taken on the line Y-Y of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5, an enlarged plan view of the coupling between the fuel feed-pipe and the burner-tube; and

Fig. 6, a vertical, sectional view of the same.

My improved apparatus is of that type in which the fuel oil is supplied to the burner under pressure and forced through a nozzle which atomizes it into a conical spray without the use of steam or forced draft. For this purpose I preferably employ a burner having a central orifice with small oil-ducts leading tangentially thereinto, and a restricted opening through which the spray is discharged at high velocity. Such a form of burner is described in my pending application for Letterslatent, Serial No. 336,796, filed Nov. 10, 1919, but as this element of the apparatus forms no part of the present lmprovement it is not herein shown ordescribed in detail.

Referring first to Fig; 1 of the drawings,

M designates the masonry of the boiler foundation, forming the fire-box or combustion-chamber C'and ash-pit A, and S is the boiler erected thereon. At the front of the boiler is the usual plate or casing F provided with the fire-door opening 0, and below it the ash-pit door D.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, my improved oil-burning apparatus is embodied in a main casing 2 which is constructed 'with a cylindrical tube 3 adapted for insertion through the fire-door opening 0 of the boiler furnace. For this purpose the original firedoor is removed from its hinges and the casing 2 is provided with a flanged plate 4: which fits in itsplace against the front of the casing F. The plate at follows the conventional shape of the door which it displaces, being of substantially rectangular outline with an arched top, as shown more particularly in Fig. 2. Around the margin of the plate 4 are suitable holes for the bolts 5 which fasten it to the boiler front suitable lining is packed around the tube 3 of the casing between its sides and the walls of the door-opening 0. As illustrated in Fig. 3, T have found it convenient to fit a metal ring 6 to the inner end of the tube 3 and to insert suitably shaped filling-blocks or bricks 7 of fire-clay between the sides of i the tube and the walls of the opening 0.

v closure 18 above its central The ring 6 and blocks 7 are held in place by a filling of cement 8 which renders the joint tight and provides a permanent lining or insulation for preventing the dis sipation of the heat from the flame of the burner B arranged within the casing.

At its forward end the cylindrical tube 3 of the casing 2 is flared outwardly in a funnel-like portion 9 which merges into an enlarged annulus 10 terminating in an inturned flange 11. The annulus 10 is formed with a cylindrical bearing seat 12 adapted to receive a relatively thin circular band or ring 13 on its periphery. The ring 13 is provided with a plurality of rectangular openings or air-ports 14 adapted to register with corresponding openings 15 cut throu h the hearing or annulus 10, see Fig. 4. n the side of the ring 13 is a handle 16 by means of which it may be slid around the annulus 10 to open or close the air ports 15. The ring 13 thus serves as a shutter or damper to regulate the admittance of air to the interior of the casing 2 to supply the necessary draft to the burner B, in the manner as hereinafter more fully explained.

The damper-ring 13 is held in place on the annulus 10 by the peripheral rim 17 of a plate or closure 18 which closes the outer end of the casing 2, see Fig. 1. The closure 18 is constructed in the form of a concaved disk of conical cross section, arranged with the apex of the cone projecting into the interior of the annulus 10 to adapt its walls to serve as a deflector for the air currents entering through the ports 15. The closure 18 is held in place at the end of the casing 2 by means of bolts 19 screwed into the flange 11 on the annulus 10. At the center of the closure or disk 18 is an opening 20 through which the burner pipe or tube 21 projects in axial relation to the casing-tube 3. At the side of the burner-opening 20 is a larger sight-opening 22 protected by a hinged cover plate 23 which may be swung to one side to allow inspection of the flame from the burner B.

pose of cleaning or adjusting the burner B carried at its inner end. On the front of the opening 20 is a boss 24 to which is attached a bracket 25 held in place by bolts 26. Projecting forwardly from the foot of the bracket 25 is a pipe-coupling or union 27 into the side of which is tapped a feed-pipe 28 leading up from the main fuel-supply or pressure-pipe 29. The feed-pipe 28 is joined to a union 30 on the supply-pipe 29 with a shut-0E valve 31 interposed therebetween, and a secondhand-valve 32 at the side of the coupling 27 provides a conveniently disposed controlling-means for regulating the feed of the oil to the burner B. In the top of the union 27 isa pipe-plug 32 which may be removed to permit cleaning the oil passages.

-Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 6, the outer end of the burner-tube or pipe 21 is screwed into the lower branch of a U-shaped fitting 34, theupper end of which is adapted to be clamped against the outer end of the coupling 27. To provide a tight union at the joint between these parts their opposed faces are formed with complementary annular grooves 35 and tongues 36 which fit together in male-and-female fashion, as shown in Fig. 6. Referring to Fig. 5, the U-bend fitting 34 is clamped against the coupling or union 27 by means of a yoke 37 pivoted on bolts 38 screwed into bosses 39 on the opposite sides of the coupling. At

the outer end of the yoke 37 is a hand-screw 40 having a pointed end which seats in a socket 41 in a boss 42 on the U-bend 34. A triangular lug 43 projects from the forward end of the U-bend 34 beneath theend-piece of the yoke 37 to provide a stop to prevent the yoke 37 from dropping down out of place should the screw 40 become loosened by accident. The construction and arrangement of my improved apparatus having now beendescribed in detail the method'of applying it to use will next be explained.

- In installing the apparatus on any standard type of boiler-furnace the coal grate is removed from the fire-box and the fire-door taken off from its hinges. The tube 3 of the casing 2 is then inserted into the fire-door opening 0 with its flanged plate4 set against the boiler front F. Suitably spaced holes are then drilled and tapped into the boiler front or casing F and the bolts 5 inserted through the plate 4 and screwed into the casing. The tube 3 fits quite snugly within the door opening 0, but to render it tight end and the fire-bricks 7 packed around its sides and cemented in place as illustrated in by means of the yoke 37 and screw 40, with the tube projecting axially into the casing therewith the ring 6 is placed at its inner 2 through the opening 20 at its forward end. universal application to various types of The burner B is thus held fixedly in place of the tube 3 with its'tube :21 conthrough the coupling 27 with the axiall necte feed-pipe 28 leading from the supply-pipe 29. The pipe 29 leads from the source of fuel supply and is usually connected with a heater by means of which the oil is heated to the required temperature to render it more highly combustible. A pump or compressor,

not herein shown, is also provided in the pipeline 29 whereby the fuel is fed under pressure in the usual manner as well known in the art.

When the valves 31 and 32 are opened the heated oil will be forced through the pipe 28 and fed to the burner B by way of the coupling 27 and tube 21. As the oil is ejected through the contracted opening in the burner B it is atomized and forced out in a conical spray, which when ignited, gives a flame of great intensity spreading out around the end of the tube 3 into the combustion-chamber C, as indicated in Fig. 1.

The feed of the fuel is regulated at the hand-valve 32 and the pressure may be controlled to provide the proper degree of heat in accordance with requirements. The combustion of the fuel is maintained under a suction draft admitted through the airports 15, and for this purpose the ports l5 are opened to the required extent by turning the damper-ring 13 on its annuluslO.

It is here particularly called to attention that as the air is drawn through the ports 15 under the suction of the spray forced through the burner -B,augmen'ted by the draft from the flue at the rear of the combustion-chamber orfire-box C, the air currents will pass through the partly opened ports at a tangent whereby a whirling action is set up within the combustion chamber. That is to say, the air is caused to swirl around the burner tube 21, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1, and as the currents impinge on the conical surface of the deflector-cone 18 causing its particles to be more highly charged with oxygen, and hence increasing the combustion and minimizing the waste.

The flame from the burner is thus caused to generate a max1mum degree of heat and the apparatus s therefore rendered more highly gfliclient, with a corresponding economy in It is also to be observed that the 1mproved apparatus is adapted for practically" ticularly simple in construction; economical to manufacture; easy to operate; and much more efiicient in use than other types of devices previously employed in the art.

Various modifications mightbe made in the structure and arrangement of the apparatus which would fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention, therefore, without limiting myself to the exact embodiment herein shown and described. what I claim is: I

1 In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a. tubular casing adapted to be inserted into the fire-door opening of a furnace and provided with a funnel-shaped extension flaring outwardly a. considerable distance beyond: the front of the furnace with its maximum diameter at the outer end and having air-ports spaced around the circumference of the casing at its enlarged end, of a damper-ring rotatable on the enlarged annulus of the casing to adapt it to open and close the air-ports, a fuel feed-pipe projecting axially into the casing, an oil-burner on the feed-pipe positioned within the smaller diameter of the casing at a distance inwardly beyond the air-ports, and means for connecting the feed-pipe with the source of fuel sup-ply.

2. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubular funnel-shaped casing having its smaller end adapted to fit within the fire-door opening of a furnace and provided with a flange for bolting it to the frame thereof, said casing having its larger end flaring outwardly a considerable distance beyond the front of the furnace and terminating in an enlarged annulus provided with air-ports spaced around its circumference, of a damper-ring rotatably mounted on the enlarged annulus and also provided with air-ports, .a closure for the outer end of the casing, a fuel-pipe projectingv through the closure axially into the casing, an oilburner at the inner end of said pipe positioned within the smaller diameter of the casing at a distance inwardly beyond the air-ports, and means for connecting said pipe with the source of fuel supply.

3. .In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a funnel-shaped tubular casing having its smaller end adapted to fit into the fire-door opening of a furnace, said casing having its larger funnel end flaring outwardly beyond the front of the furnace and terminating in an enlarged annulus provided with air-ports, of a damper-ring rotatably mounted on the enlarged annulus and provided with cooperating air-ports, a closure at the outer end of the casing formed with a conical wall projecting into the interior of the enlarged end of the casing with its apex at the axis thereof to provide a deflector for the currents of air admitted through the ports, an oil pipe projecting through the center of the end-closure and axially into the casing beyond the air-ports, and an oilburner at the end of said pipe positioned within the smaller diameter of the casing.

4. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubular funnel-shaped casing adapted to have its smaller end fitted into the fire-door opening of a furnace with its enlarged funnel end flaring outwardly beyond the front of the furnace and formed with air-ports arranged circumferentially of its enlarged annulus, of a damper for opening and closing the air-ports, a closure at the outer end of the casing formed with a conical wall projecting into the enlarged funnel end of the casing with its apex at the axis thereof, a fuel-pipe extending through the apex of the conical wall axially into the casing beyond the air-ports, and an oil-burner at the end of the pipe positioned within the smaller diameter of the casing.

5. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubular funnel-shaped casing having its smaller end adapted to fit within the fire-door opening of a furnace and its enlarged funnel end flaring outwardly to a considerable distance beyond the front of the furnace with air-ports arranged circumferentially of its enlarged annulus, of a conical concaved closure fitted to the enlarged funnel end of the casing, a burner-tube projecting through the closure axially into the casing, a burner at the end of the tube positioned within the smaller diameter of the casing, a. fuel feed-pipe, and coupling means for detachably connecting the burner-tube with the feed-pipe while providing for its removal therefrom for cleaning or adjustment.

6. In an oil-burning apparatus, the combination with a tubular casing adapted for insertion into the fire-door of a furnace and provided with a funnel-shaped extension projecting outwardly beyond the front of the furnace, of a closure at the outer funnelsha-ped end of said casing, a bracket mounted on said closure and carrying a pipe-coupling a burner-pipe projecting through the closure into the casing, a U-bend fitting to the end of the burner-pipe, and a yoke shaped clamp for clamping the U-bend against the coupling to support the burnerpipe in place while connecting it with the coupling.

7. In an oil-burning apparatus, the com bination with a tubular casing adapted for insertion into the fire-door opening of a furnace and provided with a funnel-shaped extension projecting forwardly therefrom, of a concaved closure at the forward end of the casing, a pipe-coupling mounted thereon, a

fuel feed-pipe leading into the coupling, a

burner-tube projecting through the closure into the casing, an oil-burner at the inner end of the tube, a U-bend at the outer end of the tube adapted to fit against the coupling, a yoke pivoted on the coupling to adapt it to swing down over the U-bend, and a. handscrew on the yoke adapted to be screwed against the U-bend to clamp the burner-tube in place while adaptlng 1t for convenient detachment for cleaning or adjustment.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

ERNEST L. WVOOLLEY.

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