US1422458A - Reversible fluid-pressure turbine - Google Patents

Description

J. W. McGOVERN.

REVERSIBLE FLUID PRESSURE TURBINE.

' APPLICATION EILED OCT H, 1920'. 1,422,45. Patented July 11,1922.

JOHN WM. Mceovnmv, or ron'r Amos, nnrrrsn COLUMBIA, CANADA.

REVERSIBLE FLUID-EPBESSURE TURBINE.

naeaase.

1F luid-Pressure' Turbines, of which the following is'a specification. I

This invention relates to a reversible fluid pressure turbine. The steam turbine provides a simple and relatively economical power generating means, but its applicability is at present largely limited to mecha .nisms that rotate only. in'one direction.

here it is required to reverse the direction of rotation a separate turbine is generally provided, designed to rotate in an opposite direction, which is clutched and un clutched from the driving shaft, or'a gear reverse is employed.

In the device, which is the subject of this application, the vanes of the turbine are so constructed that the angle at which they are set in relation to'the periphery of the drivin head ma r be reversed, and the steam is delivered t rough separate alternative nozzles for each direction of rotation for which the vanes are set.

The invention is-fully described in the following specification, reference being made to the drawings by which it is accompanied, in which: i i

Fi 1 is a vertical cross section on the line 1-1 in Flg. 2.

I 'Fig. 2, a vertical cross section on the line 22 in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 represents a modified means for re versing the direction of flow of the steam .to the vanes of the turbine.

In these drawings 2 represents the driving shaft and 3 the rotor or driving head secured thereon. Around the rim of this driving head 3 the pins 5 of a series of double vanes 4 are pivotally mounted between rings 6 secured on each side of the rim.

The vanes are so formed that while that portion of it, which is on one side of the pivot 55, is angularly directed from the circle ofthe rim to receive the impact of the steam delivered to it, the other portion of it rests on the rim and acts as a support and the vanes may be moved on their pivots to project one side or the other angularly from the rim.

Movement of all the vanes is simultaneously effected by a short lever secured on the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Julyil, race.

Application filed October 11, 1920. Serial No. 415,982.

pivot of each, outside one of the side plates 6 and the free ends of these levers are connected together by links 7 and are actuated in groups by a lever 8 secured on one of the pivots 5 of each group. a i

The lever 8 ofeach group is connected by a short rod 9 to a member 10 radially slidable between guides projecting from the adjacent faces of lugs 11 secured to or integral with thedriving head 3.

" These members 10 are medially apertured toreceive theend 12 of a bell crank lever pivoted at 13 in lugs 11 projecting from the guideway bracket, the other end of which bell crankhas studs 14 laterally projecting from it into engagement with lugs 15 outwardly projecting from a sleeve 16 which is endwise slidable on the driving shaft 2 on a feather 17. This sleeve 16 is endwise moved by a handled lever 18 fulcrumed at 19 to a stationary part of the engine, and pin-con- Movement of the handled lever 18 may thus reverse the angle of the vanes 4. V

The driving shaft 2 is mountedin a hearing- 23 in the centre of a steam chest 24secured to and upwardly projecting from the baseframe 25, which frame is upwardly producedon the other side of the driving head 3 and is jointed to thesteam chest 24 to form'an exhaustchamber 26, the delivery fromwhich is at 27.

The sleeve 16, which rotates with the shaft 2, is rotatable in a bearing 28 in the frame 25 The steam chest 24 is diametrically-divided into two parts by a partition 29 and steam is admitted to either one com partment or-the other from a steam pipe 30, in which is a three-way cook 31 or other suitable means that will admit steam to one division of the steam chest while cutting it off from the other.

From either half of the steam chest 24 steam is delivered through ports 33 or 34 which are directed angularly inward into the pockets formed by the blades 4, the delivery ducts 33 from one compartment of the steam chest being angled toward one direction of rotation and those 34 of the other in the opposite direction to serve the requirements of one or the other position of the vanes 4.

The vane reversing mechanism is enclosed within a casing or hood 35 secured between pler manner.

the sleeve 16 and the adjacent ring 6 of the driving head 3. This hood protects the vane changing mechanism from direct contact with the exhaust from the turbine.

Figure 3 shows a modification in the manner of reversing the direction of flow of the steam or other fluid under pressure.

In this arrangement ports 36 adapted to direct the fluid in one direction and ports 37 angled to direct it'in the opposite direction, are arranged in pairs at intervals apart around the driving head and at the junction between each pair of ports 36 and 371 a ported sleeve. valve 38 is rotatably mounted. The valve may thus be rotated to direct its port toward either set of delivery ports 36 or 37 and to cut oil the other set.

The valves 38 of the several pairs of de livery ports may be rotated by any suitable means, preferably by a geared ring 39, the

teeth of which mesh with those of a pinion 40 mounted on each valve 38, so that rotation of the gear ring 39 will simultaneously rotate all the valves 88 to direct the fluid under pressure through either set of ports 36 or 37.

-With this arrangement the steam chest does not require to be diametrically divided, and a larger number of nozzles may be provided to rotate the engine in each direction.

The mechanism by which the vanes are reversed may be cooperatively connected to that which changes the flow of the steam to turn the driving head in either direction.

I do not desire to be confined to the particular means herein set forth by which the vanes are angularly reversed in their angular relation to the rim of the driving head, as the same'may be effected in a sim- .The essential-feature of the invention resides in the means for reversing the direction of flow of the fluid in relation to the rim of the driving head, and the reversal of-the angle of the vanes to provide receptive pockets for either direction of rotation.

Having now particularly described my invention, I hereby declare that what I claim as new and desire to be protected in by Letters Patent, is: j

1. A reversible turbine, comprising in combination, a driving head rotatably mounted within a casing, ports angularly directed on the rim of the driving head toward one direction of rotation, ports angularly directed on the periphery of the driving head toward the other direction of rotation, means for directing a fluid under pressure to either one or the other set of ports, double vanes set atjan obtuse angle to. one another pivotally mounted on the periphery of the driving head at the j unction of the two vanes tolproject one set of vanes or the other angularly toward'the direction of the fluid delivery, a;,leversecured to the pivotof each pair of vanesand proj ecting angularly toward the central portion of the driving head, links connecting these levers together in groups, means applied to each group for simultaneously reversing the angle of projection of the vanes, and means for directing the flow of the fluid under pressure through the ports-to to one another, said vanes pivotally mounted in the rings of the driving "head with the junction of the vanes on the periphery of the head, and means.operablefwithout the casing for simultaneously moving-either set of vanes to project angularly toward the direction of flow of the fluid through the ports. I 1 r In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

Jonn WM. ivreeovnnu.

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