US1418344A - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Description

W. .M. WHITE.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 14. 1918.

Patented June 6, 1922.

. UNITED STATES PATENT onion.

WILLIAM MONROE WHITE, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP.

s'peeification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 6, 1922.

Application filed October 14, 1918. Serial No. 258,471.

An object of the invention is to provide a I centrifugal pump which is simple in con-- struction and efiicient in operation.

' There are in general use two types of een trifugal pumps known respectively as open and closed impeller pump's. In the open 1mpeller pump the material is confined within the path of the vanes of the impeller, by means of stationary side walls located in proximity 'to the side edges of the impeller vanes. The impeller itself has no side plates or walls. This type'of pump is especially adapted to pump liquid containing sand or dbris. In the closed impeller type of pump the impeller is provided with Integral side plates associated with the side edges of the impeller vanes and rotating with the impeller. In this type of pump the liquid is confined within the path of the impeller vanes by the rotating side plates. This type of pump is more eflicient and desirable when relatively pure liquid is to'be pumped.

It is an object of this invention to provide means whereby a single pump casing is adapted to interchangeably receive and cooperate with either an open or a closed impeller. Such interchangeability is facilifiated by providing side plates similar in general construction to the rotary side plates ordinarily provided in a closed impeller, which plates may be fixedly located within the casing and cooperate with the open impeller.

The marked advantages of this construction are two fold. First, the manufacture of centrifugal pumps is facilitated in that the manufacturer .need only to carry one form of casing in stock for both types of pumps. Second, the purchaser or operator of such, a pump may readily change over the structure from an open impeller type to a closed impeller type of pump and vice versa.

The term centrifugal pump as employed herein is intended to cover all forms of pressors and exhausters for fluids of various characteristics.

A clear conception of several embodiments and of various details of the invention may be had by referrlng to the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification'in Which like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the variousviews.

Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical section through the upper half of an open impeller centrifugal pump. f

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the upper half of a closed impeller centrifugal pump.

. Fig.3 is a fragmentarytransverse vertical section through the upper half of a modi- Fig. 4 is a fragmentary transverse vertical section through the upper half of'another modified form of an open impeller centrifugal pump.

The centrifu a stationary enc osing casing consisting of an upper casing 2 and a lower casing section of fied form of an open impeller centrifugal pump.

al pump comprises in general ordinary construction not shown, detachably secured to the upper casing 2 by any suitable means, a main shaft 5 extending through the casing,-and an impeller secured to an enlarged medial portion of the shaft 5 and located Within the casing. The casing is ordinarily split along a horizontal plane passing through'the shaft axis, so that the upper casing 2 'may be freely vertically removed upon release of the casing uniting means. The impeller is preferably attached to the shaft 5 by means of keys so that the impeller is rotatable only with this shaft. The casing portion 2 is provided with central inlet conduits 4 on opposite sides of the impeller and adjacent the shaft. 5, and a discharge conduit 3 remote from the shaft 5 forming a spiral chamber surroundin the impeller. The portions of the shaft 5 within the conduits 4 and on opposite sides of the impeller, are provided with protecting sleeves 8 for preventing excessive wearing of the shaft 5- by gritty substances in the liquid the shaft 5 and with end surfaces of the impeller, by means of ring nuts 11 coacting with screw threads 22 formed on the shaft 5. The portions of the upper and lower casings through which the shaft 5 and sleeves 8 extend are provided with packings and 'stufling boxes 9 for preventing liquid from escaping from within the pump.

The open impeller pump disclosed in Fig. 1 comprises an impeller 6 having a plurality of vanes the side edges of which are free.

Located in proximity to these free side edges of the impeller 6 are a pair of spaced stationary side disks or plates 7 having annular flanges which fit the recesses 12 of the pump casing. These side plates 7 are properly positioned axially of the shaft 5 and relatively to the impeller vanes, by means of shims 13, 1 1- which-fill the portions of the recesses 12 not occupied by the annular flanges of the side plates 7.

In the embodiment disclosed in Fig. 3, the

side plates 7 are made adjustable from the exterior of the pump casing,'to take up wear thereon. In this embodiment the side plates 7 are provided with threaded openings adapted to receive the threaded ends of ad-,

justing bolts 19. These adjusting bolts 19 are prevented from moving axially and relatively to the pump casing by means of hifurcated plates 21 coacting with annular grooves. in the bolts 19 and fixedly secured to the casing 2 by means of. tap bolts 20. The shims 13 may be utilized in this structure, but it is desirable to'omit the shims 14 in order to permit free adjustment of the glate's v7 inwardly towards the impeller 6. uch adjustment may be readily effected by turnin the heads of the bolts 19 which are 216088611016 from the exterior of the casing2.

In the embodiment disclosed in Fig. 4, the side plates 7 extend beyond the periphcry of the impeller 6 and are joinedby means tion of the side plates is otherwise identical.

to that of the side plates shown in Fig. 1.

In Flg. 2 the pump is provided with a closed impeller 15 having side plates 16 rigldly secured to the side edges of the impeller vanes and rotatable with the impeller. These side plates 16 are provided w1t h rotatable renewable wearing rings 18 which cooperate with stationary wearing rings 17 fixedly secured in the recesses 12 of the pump casing, to form packings and to take up wear.

only to detach and remove the upper casing from the lowercasing of the pump and to insert the desired typeiof impeller. If an open impeller is to be substituted for a closed impeller, itis necessary to insert the stationary side plates 7 and either the shims 13., 14 or theshims13- and adjusting bolts 19. If a closed impeller is to be substituted for an open impeller, it is necessary to remove the stationary side plates 7 and to insert the stationary ,wearin g rings 17 in the grooves 12. If aclosed impeller is to be substituted for an open impeller in a structure such as shown in Fig. -3, it is'necessary to remove the bolts '19 and to plug the openings normally occupied by these bolts, before insertin the closed impeller.

It will. thusgbe obvious that a pump. embodying the features of the present invention may be readily converted from one type to another and that it is necessary only to carry one form of casing in stock in order to enable the exploitation of both types of pump.

It should be' understood that it is not detailsofconstruction herein shown and described forv various modifications within the scope of the appended claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent: p

1. In"a hydraulic machine, a casing having a curved surface of revolution cooperable with the rotary side plate of a closed impeller, and a stationary side-platecooperable with said surface to interchangeably adapt said casing for cooperation with an open impeller. I

2. In a hydraulic machine, a casing having a bore adapted to embrace an annular portion of the rotary side plate of a closed impeller, and a stationary side plate having an annular portion insertible within said bore to interchangeably adapt said casing for cooperation with an open impeller.

3. In a hydraulic'machine, a casing having a bore adapted'to embrace an annular portion of the rotary side plate of a closed impeller and having a surface extending transversely of' said bore and cooperating: with an end-surface of said side plate, and a stationary side-plate having an annular portion insertible Within said. bore and having an end surface cooperable with said transverse casingsurface to'interchan eably adapt said casing for cooperation wlth an open impeller.

4. As an article of manufacture, a casing having a curved-surface of revolution adapted to interchangeably cooperate with a similar curved surface of'a side plate of an open or of a closed impeller. Y

5. As an article'of manufacture, a casing having a bore adapted for interchangeable reception of a side plate of an open or of a closed impeller.

6. As an article of manufacture, a casing having a bore and a surface extending transversely'to the axis of said bore, the bore being adapted for interchangeable reception of a side plate of an open or of a closed im peller cooperable with said surface.

In testimony whereof, the signature of the inventor is affixed hereto.

WILLIAM MONROE WHITE.

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