US1417374A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

G. H. GIBSON.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 17, 1912.

In ventor HI'S 95 GEORGE E. GIBSON, or mom's-Lain, new :rr'msnr.

FURNACE. f

Specification-o1letters 'ljatente P t t May 1922 Applicatlon'filed November '17, 1:91-12. Serial No. 202,478.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. Gnssooz, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Montclair, in the county of Es: sex and State of New Jerse have invented a certain new. and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following isa true and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a art hereof. g Y v y present invention relates to furnaces, and particularly to furnaces for heating steam generating boilers. Theprima'ry object of the invention isto provide novela'nd improved means" for automatically proportioning the primary and secondary airsupplies to a furnace burning solid fuel.

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention arepointed out with particularity in the claims annexed hereto and forming a artof this s J'cification. For a better un erstanding 0 the in vention, however, and the advantages possessed by it referene shouldbe hnd.t0 the accompanying drawings anflcfdesc'riptive matter in which I have illustrated and de scribed a preferred embodiment of my invention. I

Of the drawings: I s

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic elevationwith parts broken away and in section of a steam generating plant.

Figure 2 is a partial section on the hue 2-2 of Figure'l.

In the drawin s," A represents the combustion chamber of the steam' generating furnace proper,and A the stack connectlon-or outlet from the chamber A for roducts'of combustion The draft throug the combustion chamber A may be regulated by a damper A in the connection B rep sents the water tubes, and C the steam and water drum of the steam generating boiler heated by the 'hot' gases swenping through the combustion chamber A. represents'a superheating coil in the pipe connection leading from the steam-space of the drum C, to=the high pressure inlet of a steam turbine E, and D- represents a'suplerheatin coil located in the combustion c amber and forming a part of the conduit leading from the exhaust of a high pressure stage of the turbine to thesteam inlet of a lower pressure stage of theturbine- The inlet to thecombustion chamber A 1s connected to the; gaseous outlet ;of a gas producer chamber F, As shown, the connect1on.. is.d1rect, the combustion chamber A compnsmga-portion which is located above, and 1n .f -ct forms a continuation of the gas producerchamber F. At the lower end of the gas producer is, an ordinary solid fuel grate F, arulxF? represents a door throu h which solid, fuel may be charged into t e gas producer from time to time. G represents the-airsupply connection to the ash pit F? beneath-the rate F':. The amount of air passingginto t e' ash pit throughthe air supply inlet G is controlled by a. steam 'et issuing from the axially disposed nozzle I l. The nozzle HT is supplied withsteam from the boiler. through the-steam supply line H. The amount of steamjdischarged through the nozzle H is'control1edby the throttle valve" K, which is automatically regulated in a manner hereinafter described. Thesec-..

'ondar'y air for burning the producer gas is supplied adjacent theinlet to the combu's tion chamber. A through aconduit I, which isopen to the atmosphere at I and includes;- a loop I which projectsinto the smoke stack-- outlet A, so that the secondary air is p-reheated more or lewby" the waste products of combustion leaving the boiler furnace.

The conduit I, in the construction shown, is' I straddling bifurcated with the forks the gas producer neck .portion or conduit through which the ro'ducer gas is supplied to the combustion clihmberA. Each fork I is open at its inner edge to the ends of-the hollow grate bars J, which extend across charge orifices J These bars may be many cases, but

the chamber F and are formed with dis-1;

at their upper edges, formed of cas'ti iron in at G and secondary air su plied through,

pipeI is thereby autom-aticaly regulated so as to maintaina predetermined percentage of carbon dioxide in the products of combustion leavingthe boiler furnace. The par.- ticular apparatus illustrated for accomplish ing this result comprises means for continuously passing a small amount of the waste products of combustion from the smoke.

where subjected unduly high temperatures should be m'adeof'more' refractory material. Interposed between-the stack connection A to the chamber O of a CG absorbing device Q. In the particuher form of the device 0 illustrated the chamber O is connected to a chamber by a restricted port U The chamber 0- is sepcreated by a perforated Wail Q from a chamber O". The letter communicates through restricted orifice O with a chamber The chamber 0 is provided with a discharge outlet O sud blast nozzle H sugplied iith. steam through. the steam supply pipe HI insures s suction out of the chamber through the outlet O The chamber is filled with e pervious mass of some suitable CO absorbing material such as caustic soda:

'l he chamber 0 is connected to the chamber U by piping P and is aiso connected to the under end of seeded receptacle h con.-

sini a body of liquid It" into which s pipe open its upper end to the atmosphere d es to definite depth. ihe chamber U is connected to theupper end of rece tacle O; a body of iiquid Q, and rovided with c pipeQfl which {tends down into the iiquid to a definite depth and is open at its upper end to the atmosphere With the apparatus thus described when the parts are s'uitubiy proportioned, they operate to maintari a definite vacuum in the chamber 0 and another definite, though. somewhat lower vacuum, in the chauib i These vacuums correspond to ti o I heads the recegtacies It and above is lower ends of the gripes R and 3 respectively: To accomplish i the suction oithe 1101 .2 energetic enough at ail times to draw some atmospheric air the iiquid R receptacle It Any increase Within r ,abie limits in suction etfect or H beyond th required to it flow of air through the pipe it crease the vacuum in the cha "iii '2? up" cis 152- since any slight increase n vacuum will h ely increase the amount of air dr 'n into the chamber from. the re ceptacie The sir thus sdn A to diminish. the vacuum. in the chamber t and the vacuum in the ci'ieinber G is thus maintained, at approximately the predctermined value The vacuum in the che cher U is regulated in a similar r liquid head above t is bottom oi the L The existence of a constant press iuiet side of the orifice U and at '5 outlet side of the orifice U" tends to in -tuin constant flew through each of hese orifices and a constantvccuuni in the chamber provided. the nercentuue of GU in the J. nace remains constant.

It the CO in the furnace WELStG gases di minishes smaller percentage of the gas tering' the chamber U is absorbed theand the vacuum in the chamber G is there by diminished. Conversely an increase in the percentage of C0 in the furnace Waste gases resuits in an increased absorption of CU in the chamber 0 and an increase in the vacuum in the chamber 0. The pressure in the chamber O is thus a measure of the percentage of GQ in the furnace Waste geses. The vacuum. in the chamber 0 is transmitted. to the pressure chamber of the fluid pressure motor L. The flexible dispf rag 'i of the motor L is so connected to the regulating valve .K in the biast nozzie steam supply line that the damper l LQis opened and more primary supplied when the amount of CU in the Waste prod- "beiovv a predetermined percent age which it is desired to maintain, and when. the amount of rises above the predetermined percentage, the vslve throttied to correspondinjy reduce the primary sir supplied to the ash pit F? thereby restore the desired percentage of C0 in the gaseous products combustion T he percentsge oi (1G in the furnace gases the apparatus tends to maintain m y be reied by adjusting counter balance Weight L". An arrangement of the type described forms a novel and effective means for accurately proportioning the primary and secondary air suppiied to a coincu furnace which is Weit adapted for .ith many difiierent kinds of furnaces e. special arrangement of producer and boiier furnace prcper disciosed herein possesses the fciiowing imnortant practical advantages addition to the general ac:- vantages airead r referred to. means einpioyed for feeding the secondary air and adinhii it with. the producer gas aris' u from the iuei bed the gas producer insures u very ti s-rough admixture which is conducive to cient combustion pessessesthe advantegeot reducing; the re quired voiu nie and particu height of the bciie. co -bustion. The ubsorption of heat ft 1 bed by the Water tr cure of the ie amount or it is necessary supply v;

order to avoid undue clii er-ii on the er absorptive s s 13 also e keeps down temperature of .e gas, and there-- bv temperature of the combus- 1 chamber tests and the grate it The b er in wh ch the secon known to me, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art thatchanges may be made in the form of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention set forth in the appended claims,-'and that certain features of my invention may sometimes be used with advantage without a corresponding use of other features.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In, a furnace having primary and secondary air supplies, and means for adjusting the ratio of primary to secondary air, the combination therewith, of means automatically responsive to the amount of CO in the waste gases for adjusting the previously mentioned means to maintain a predetermined percentage of CO in the waste gases.

2. In a furnace having primary and secondary air supplies, means for varying the total amount of air supplied to thereby vary the combustion rate, and means for regulating the ratio of primary and secondary air supplied, the combination therewith of means automatically responsive to the amount of CO in the waste gases for adjusting said ratio regulating means as required' to maintain a predetermined percentage of CO in the waste gases.

3. In a furnace having primary and sec- I ondary air supplies and means for regulating the rat1o of primary to secondary air, the combination therewith of means automatically responsive to the chemical compo-' sition of the gaseous product-s of combustion issulng from the furnace for adjusting said ratio regulating means to'maintain a predetermined composition of said gaseous .means in response to the chemical composition of the gaseous products of combustion issuing from the furnace so as to minimize the variations in the chemical composition of said products dependent on said ratio.

5. In a furnace having primary and sec ondary air supplies and means for regulating the ratio of primary to secondary air,

the combination therewith of means automatically responsive to the fractional content of the gaseous products of combustion issuing from the furnace formed by a particular constituent of said gases, for adjusting said ratio regulating means as required to maintain said fractional content approximately constant.

esoaes H. GIBSON.

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