US1416944A - Radiator construction - Google Patents

Description

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I. B. D. L. CHARDAHD.

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J. B. D. l. CHARDARD. RADIATOR CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION msn SBF120. 1919.

Pmtnted May 23, T922.

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unirte .trarne RADIATOR CUNSTR'UCTON.

Specification of Iietters Eatent. i

ll-latented May 23, 19522.

Application led September 29, 1.919. Serial No. 325,205.

To all whom t may concern:

lie it known that I, JEAN BAr'ris'rn Dotn- Nroon Leon CHARDARD, citizen ci: the Republic of France, and resident of Paris. France, (post-office address il Rue Ribeira,) have invented a new and useful Radiator Construction, which improvements are 'lfully set forth in the 'following specification.

This invention relates to a radiator for motor and other vehicles, chiefly character ized by very thin parallel layers ot water, of any` desired shape, either rectilinearl or concentric, being formed in `:front oi the vehicle, between which can circulate the air produced by the movement of the vehicle or `by a `fan, the number of such layers being capable of variation atthe will oli' the driver.y to suit the atmospheric conditions.

ln these conditions it is possible to standardize the apparatus.

In order to malte the 'Eollowii'ig explanationl as clear as possible, the accompanying drawing shows by way of example a radiaA tor according to this invention.

ln the said drawing,

Figure l is a diagram graphically illus* trating the theory of construction of the new radiator;

Figure 2 is a front elevation ot the radiator;

Figure 3 a central vertical cross-section;

Figure t a cross-section of a modified method of connecting the interchangeable radiator elements to the main collector;

Figures 5 and 6 show a second modilied constructionthat can be used when the space required for erecting is limited;

Figure 7 is a modiied construction in which the locking of the elements can be effected 'from the front of the radiator.

When any existing radiators are consid'- ered.l it will be found. that the length ot the lfixed or detachable layers or blades varies'min each type of radiator. Some of them, shown in Figure l, have for Iinstance a. length A of elements, others a length B, others a length C, others a length D, etc., each length corresponding to a given radiating surface. It is obvious that in these conditions, all the radiators have a common surface corresponding to the cross-hatched surface A; others, in addition to the common cross-hatched surface A, have another dotted surface corresponding to the `difference between B and A. and so on. lt will be seen therefore that it elements are produceh with which the radiating surface il can be ob'- tained, these elements will be applicable to any radiators. ln order to pass 'from the radiators A to the radiators-i3, it willbe suflicient to add to the original elements a certain number of elements.VV The same will be the case in order to pass from the radiatorsB to the radiators C. lt will he seen, there'if'ore7 that by producing unit elements, either rectilinear or circular or ot any other suitable shape, parallelv to each other. it will be possible with a number .fr oi these elements, to obtain. a radiating sini-tace suitable 'for any existing radiatorsg without changing the outer dimensions ot the apparatus. By adding one, two or three ot these unit elements the second group of radiators l?) will be obtained, and radiators of this kind will be :formeda again without modifying the dimensions ot the apparatus, and so on as regards the others. y

According to the characteristic 'Feature ot the invention, cooling elements are therefore formed which must have the following propn erties:`

1. These elements must be separately detachable and interchangeablc.`

2. When one et these elements is removed,

` the radiator must be able to continue to work, the connections et the element to the main collector being closed by plugs.y lt will be seen that owing to this arrangement., it will be possible to effect the necessary repairs to a damaged element. without putting the radiator" out ot action. y

3. All the elements ot the series are the same Jfor all existing types ot radiators. lt therefore an element is completely destroyed and requires replacing, it will be suiiicient to buy an clement of the type to which the destroyed element belongs7 in order to re place it at once.

4L. Detachability oit the elements makes it possible to vary the cooling surface to suit the temperature.

5. This detachability also renders possible the cleaning of the cooling surface.

By way of example of a practical con struction of these standardized elements, Fig ures 2 and `S show a radiator with concentric flat elements. lt must be however understood. that, instead ot using concentric flat layers or blades covered with ribs. the elements could be constituted by corrugated sheet metal, by tubes with or without ribsg by honeycombs etc., in short by any systems at present used.

As shown in the drawing, all the constituent elements of the radiator are detachable; all these elements are of circular shape and concentric; each of them is substantially constituted by a chamber a tlattened in cross-section so as to form a layer oit water. rlhe chamber ci is provided outside with cooling ribs i'; increasing the surface of contact of the chamber a with the air.

Circulation of the water to be cooled in the radiator, takes place in the following manner:

Behind the chambersl a is arranged a vertical column c forming a collector, which is common to all of the radiatorelements or chambers and which communicates with the headers (l and e. The central portion of this column c is closed, as will be understood from F ig. 3, the result being that there are formed, in eiect, two independent or separate collectors, one above and the other below the aforesaid closed central portion. Each element or chamber a is connected laterally by a conduit to the upper colleetor section, and by a similar conduit 7 to the lower collector section; the points of connection of both conduits to the corresponding collector sections beine' arranged in staggered relation, as indicated in Fig. 2.

It will vbeseen that each element or chamber a comprises an inlet for the water to be cooled and an outlet for the cooled water. In the centre is arranged either the head light g, or additional elements or simple ribs.

As already stated, all the elements are detachable. It is therefore possible to remove any desired number of elements cz or to put in place any desired number oit' these elements, according to the power oi the engine.

-The iixing of the elements a is effected in the following manner each element o is provided, at the top and at the bottom, with conical branches or nozzles which tit in and project through casings or sockets 71. oi the corresponding` shape provided in the collector sections or collectors c. A nut 'L' screwed onto the projecting end of each nozzle behind the correspondingcollector, ensures a tight joint. It goes without saying` that the socket, on the one hand, and the conical nozzle, on the other hand, are provided with openings which exactly register with each other after the parts have been assembled.

When an element has been removed by simply unscrewing its nuts f/, the openings are closed by conical plugs tightened by means of the same nuts.

The erecting of the collector column is effected by riveting it between the upper or hot water tank or header d and the lower or cold water tank or header c, communication between the hot and cold water tanks being prevented by the closed central portion ot the column, as previously stated.

ks has been just seen. the radiator com jirises a series o't cooling elements ','ormed b v smooth or corrugated layers or units. b v tubes, by hone)f'combs.y ctc., arranged parallel to each other and h aving any suitable shape: straight. circular. elliptical, etc. the said elements can be separately detached from the column or main eollectm. which is common to all oiY the elements and which takes the same 'torni `lior all types ol rai/.liators. The said column is riveted at its endI to the hot and cold water tanks. the orilices ot coinnnmication of each element with the collector sections being;` closed by means oll conical plugs whenever thc element is removed.

lt may happen that in spite ol' all (be precautions taken. the conical nozzles mounted on the various inlerchangeable elements. l'ail to coincide very accurately with the socl'cs of the collector. these parts having. to that end, to be carefully o round to suit tbe lircumstances.

.lfn order to remedy the drawback in ducstion, the following arrangement could be used:

The nozzles ot the various interchangeable elements may each be provided with :1 por tion screw-threaded inside or outside. in order to enable a sleeve (Fig. l) tobe Screwed thereon. which sleeve will be always` the same for the various elements, thereby insuring the accurate mountinr. ot the parts on the main collector. the griinlimg` oi the sleeve and olr the corrcspoiulingsocket ll ol the collector having); been done in a perfect manner once Vfor always.

The taper o'l the sleeve and that ol' the socket could be suitably calculated, according as the assembling of the elements would have to be done Vtrom the outside or from the inside.

The sleeve having been screwed on the correspondingiI nozzle oi the element to be mounted on the collector, with the inlerpo sition at for the purpose ot avoiding` leaks, the attachment oli the element to the collector will be eiected as indicated in the preceding. and each element may be moreover considered as if the nozzle and the sleeve were in one piece. After havingintroduced the sleeves A into their sockets l. it will be suilicient to tighten the nuts C in order to ensure a tight joint.

If a leak is discovered in one of the elements, it will be sufficient to introduce a screw-driver or a coin into the slot D rovided on the back of the sleeve A of each of the two nozzles T of the element and to turn it through a quarter of a revolution to j or j oi a suitable packing or joint Elli lob

1,416,9/ll l y i the lett. The openings of the sleeve will thus cease to register with those of the sockets ot the collector, and the element Will be theretorc completely shut olli, without it being necessary to remove it; it Will be sufren cient to loclr again the element by tightening the nut C.

ln the event oi th space required Jlor the assembling being limited and making it impossible to introduce from the iront ot the collector the nozzles `provided With their sleeves, the arrangement shown in Figures 5 and t5 Will be utilized. The elements are shown in 'iront Without the nozzles T being provided with their sleeves, and the latter are screwed on the scrcwthreaded portion ol the said nozzles by introducing the sleeves if from the back oit the collector.

ln the case of certain radiators arranged at the back in some types ot cars, the cooling elements cannot be Withdrawn except in a `direction parallel to the collector; the arrangement shown in Figure 6 is then ad10pted. 'llie nozzle l is arranged in this case parallel to the collector and provided with a boss 'll' normal to the latter for attachment to the said collector, as in the case of Figure 5.

ln the arrangement sho'vvnin Figure 7, the locking ot the elements can be effected from the 'front of the radiator. The joints are arranged at y" and j. The bottom of the socketv ll has a rod F Vwhich passes through the sleeve A and the nozzle T, and s screwthreaded at the front end; the locking is el'lected by the tightening of the nut C at the iront oit the element.

lt will be readily understood that the various methodsl of mounting described in the foregoing, are applicable to cooling` devices ot any enginesywhether stationary or mounted on any Vehicle, as Well as to any temperature exchange devices of Whatever kind, for

instance to domestic radiators. They are also particularly applicable to bath heaters.

lt Will be possible, with the various ai rangements above described, to Vary at Will the radiating surface to suit the surrounding temperature. lt is possible for instance to shut off according to the season, one, two or more elements by closing the sockets or the purpose. r

l claim- 1. A radiator construction, comprisii'ig upper and lower headers; a series of detachable radiator elements arranged in nested parallel relation, each pair ot adjoining eleniente being spaced apart to enable the passage of air therebetv-een; and a vertical collector embodying non-cominunicating upper and lower parte, one connected to the upper header and the other to the lower header; 'each radiator element communicating with both collector parts.

Q. A radiator co struction comprising upper and lower headers; a collector embodying non communicating upper and. lower parts connected to the corresponding headers; a series oit radiator elements ar ranged in spaced, parallel relation to eri-- able the passage of air between them; each said element consisting of a flattened tube detachably connected at its upper portion with the upper collector part and at its lower portion With the lower collector part and communicating With openings in said collector parte at its points of connection thereto; and means for blocking the openings corresponding to any individual radiator element.

A radiator construction according to claim 2, in which theJ several radiator elements take the torni oi' concentric circles.

JEAN EAFTRSTE DllllNlQUE LN CHARDARD.

Witnesses:

BRUGNELL, Cms. P. Pimssnr.

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