US1410979A - westlake - Google Patents

Description

C. T. WESTLAKE CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25,1919.

1922. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1- Patented Mar. 28,

. fizzle/12 0;" Charles XVI 61 2M? c. T. WESTLAKE.

cm; TRUCK. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25,1919.

Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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CHARLES 2r. WESTLAKE, or s'r'. rouisjivrrssounii AssieNoa 'ro COMMONWEALTH STEEL COMPANY, or sit. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION on NEW JERSEY.

GAR TRUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent. 7 Patented Mar. 28, 1922.

Application filed July 25, 1919.- Serial No. 313,289.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES T. Wns'r- LAKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at St. Louis, Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Car Trucks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawin s, forming part of this specification.

lily invention relates to railway car trucks; the principal objects of my invention being to generally improve upon and simplify the construction of the. existing types of trucks; to provide a relatively simple truck which can be easily and cheaply manufactured; and to provide means for distributing the load of thecar on the journals. y

lVith the foregoing and other. objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts, hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Y Figure 1 is atop plan view of a railway car truck of my improved construction.

Figure 2 is a side elevational view with parts broken away and in section.-

Figure 3 is a transverse section. taken approximately on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure f is a detail section takenapproximately on the line &-1 of Figure 3.- Figure 5 is a detail section taken approximately on the line5-5 of Figure 3and showing the bearing rollers that are-interposed between the truck bolster and body bolster or car underframe. Figure 6 is a detail section similar to Figure 5 and showing a modified form of the bearingrollers. Figures 7 and 8 are diagrammatic views of the forms of bearing rollers used in my improved truck.

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings, 10, 10 designate the truck side-frames, the same being preferablyjcast and having their ends extended as desig-' nated by 11 to form supports and points of attachment for the hangers of outside hung brake beams, 12.

.: Each side frame rests uponand is secured to a pair of journal boxes 13, thef-latterres -ceiving the ends of a pair of wheelcarrying axles 14L Supportedin any Esuitable manner by the central portion of each side frame 1s a. series of springs 15 and supported thereby are the end portions of a relatively light bolster 16. Thisbolster is preferably cast andformed at its center is a pocketp 17 which receives a spring 18. This spring is of sufficient size and tension as to carry a portion of the weight of the supported car body and bearing directly upon the upper end of said spring is a part of the car underframe or a body bolster 19. A king pin 16* upon which the bolster 16 is swiveled is seated in a part of the car underf'rame or body bolster and projects downwardly through the spring seated in pocket 17. Secured in any suitable manner to the end portions of this body bolster and on the underside thereof are bearing faces or brackets 20, in each of which is mounted for rotation a pair of tapered rollers 21 which rest directly on top of the end portion of bolster l6.

In Figure 5 I have shown a type of planoconvex'roller wherein the roller body is provided withfa single flat face or surface2l and which latter is adapted to normally rest directly on top of the flat upper face of the end portion of the bolster. By virtue of this construction, the truck will be held normally rigid while traversing straight portions of the track, and a considerable horizont'al force will be required to act upon the rollers to cause them to perform their rolling functions and permit the truck to swing in a horizontal plane relative to the car body and which action occurs when the truck is passing around a curved portion of the track. a

The degree'of forcerequiredto move the rollers from their normal positions is in proportion to the. extent or area of the flat surface 21 and its ratio to the diameter of the roller. This ratio between the flat surface'and the diameter of the roller is regulated by the factor of adhesion, or coeflicient of friction, between the roller and its support or between the roller and the bearing between it and the interposed weight. This ratio must not-be greater than the factor of adhesion, and. preferably shouldbe somewhat less so as to insure a rolling instead. of a sliding movement of the roller when the force is applied.

Itwill berunderstood that the coefficient of friction or factor of adhesion between two similar materials is equal to the tangent their tangents are the same and in order of the angle of re ose, and that in the presout construction t e angle of repose. is the outside angle A (Figure 7) formed by half the flat portion of the roller and a line con necting one end of the flat portion with the intersecting point between a vertical center line on the roller and the 'arc of the circle or circumference of the rather This angle-of repose is equal to an 1e B and which latter is enclosed by a d mwn vertically through the center of the rollerand a line drawn from the center of the hearing at the 1 top of said miles to the edge of the straight flat portion 21. As these engines are alike, to be assumed that the resimnoe to rolling movement is less than the factor, of adhesion between the roller mad the hearing, it is only necessary to have the tangent of angle B less than the factor 30f adheeim and the "latter being known, the fome'r can be resdilyiestablrisbed. In Figure 8 wmodi'fied form of double piano-convex roller is shown wherein flat hearing shoes are formed at the top and hottom of the roller and in this instance the ungie is measured b the lines as shown, one of these lines ex ten ing vertically from 'the extreme end of the top bearing surface to the extreme opposite 'end (if bearing surface, and a line drawn between corresponding edges of both bearing surfaces.

' The tangent of the enclosed angle B in Figure 8 is taken as the min to be observed, and for practical purposes it should not be gredter than "the 'coefl'itfient of friction between the roller amd its bearing.

My improved construction provides a truck whidh supports fpraotically all the weight of the ear and its contents directly over-the side frames and journals of the truck. A portion of the weight of the car is borne by the spnhigs 18 interposed betv'veen the truck and body bolsters. 'This weight is transmitted through the bOlStGl springs 15 and side frames of the join-nail boxes, from thence to the wheel carrying a'xles "so that at all times this portion of the weightof the war will be distributed equally between the ends of the axles.

The purpose of sphing 18 between the light truck bolster and the bodyboleter of the car at or nea'r the centers of said bellstem is substantially the some as'tlrelt described in the Pflager Pwtent No. 1,147330, dated July 20, 1915, i. e., when one or both wheeis'of the 'trnek at one'side aBs o'ver or a rest in a. depression of *the true the main supporting springs under 'the ends of 'tbe body bolster on that side will tend to beeome exhausted, end as these springs distend, the spring 18 exerts its eno'rg in df t 'cafr at a to support enmigu e5 1 iiwmmeneiounmmsn m its center.

underframe in which the mnnerof the car above the wheels lying in a depression of the track 1s otherwise unsupported, assuni igg, of course, that the car is evenly loaded.

If the car underframe is made of wood, or is pliable to the extent that the corner Over the wheel or wheels lying in a depression in the track nests .upon the side bearings, then, of course, the spring 18 might not be brought into action, or, if brought into action, not to the extent that it would expand i fflie comer of s rigid framed cm' overhung {the wheels i nthe depresskm and there was at separation between the cam underiraine and the depressed truck side frame.

inroundhig-enrves, the truck bolster side Drums, and wheel carry in axles will rotate about the center of the star or about the p'm 16, end under such conditions, the rollers '21 will perform the functions of rolling to permit the relative. movement between the truck and body bolsters, and mid rol lereia're tapered inwardly so as to permit free rolling movement in curved paths on top of the ends of the truck bolster.

rI't Will be rewdily understood that minor changes in the sine, form and construction of the various parts of my improved our erue'lmm be made amd substituted for those herein shown and described, without departing from the spirit of'my inventiom-the swipe of which is set ii orth in the appended I claim: r 0 1'. in a 'ear'tmck, a bolster pivoted to a partiof the cur'body so as to'swing in a horizontal plane, a pair of side frames, springs interposed between said side frames and bolstem-and a spring interposed between the central said bolster and a part of the ear body. a I r 2. In a car truck, the combination of a boister pivotally eolmeoted to a part of the our body so as to swing in'a horizontal pla/ne, 1 10 a pair of side frames, spvi'ngs interposed between said side i reimes and the bolster. and plane-convex rol ler bearings arranged be- Ween the bdlster' and :parts of the car body.

in am! truck, the combination of a. bolster pivotally connected to a part of the en!- body so esto'swing in a horizontal plane, a pair of side frames, springs interposed between said side frames andthe ends of the MM, and oneconvex bemrings' carried by Who ear and disposed above the ends of the end' the spring supporting 'the some, the flat mm of said bearings an m -em 1 *4. new: flruek, the combination'of-a bolster pivotally connected to apakrt of the ear body-e0 as' te swimg "in e. honizomwl plane, a air-er side; flames, springs interposed be mane-see hams, end-the bomernrol ler {innings eiufiedby the oer My end 130 posed above the ends of the bolster andthe springs supporting the same, said roller bearings being provided with flat bolster engaging faces and a spring interposed between the central portion of the bolster and a part of the car body.

5. In a car truck, a pair of side frames, a bolster yieldingly supported thereupon, which bolster is pivoted to swing in a horizontal plane, a spring interposed between the central portion of said bolster and a part of the car body, and a roller arranged between the ends of the bolster and a part of the car body, aportion of the periphery of said roller being flat.

6. In a car truck, a pair of side frames, a bolster yieldingly supported thereupon, which bolster is pivoted to swing in a horizontal plane, a spring interposed between the bolster and a part of the car body, and rolling supports arranged between the ends of the bolster and. a part of the car body, which rolling supports are provided with fiat bear ing surfaces.

7. The,combination with a body bolster provided on its underside with bearing rollers, portions of the peripheries of which are flat, of a truckbolster pivotally connected to said body bolster, the ends of which truck bolster normally engage against the flat surfaces of said bearing rollers, a spring interposed between the body and truck bolsters, and side frames yieldingly arranged beneath the ends of the truck bolster.

8. The combination with a body bolster provided on its underside with bearing rollers, portions of the peripheries of which are flat, of a truck bolster pivotally connected to said body bolster, the endsof which truck bolster normally engage against the flat surfaces of said bearing rollers, a spring interposed between the central portions of said body and truck bolsters, side frames positioned beneath the end portions of the truck bolster, and springs interposed between said side frames and truck bolster.

9. In a car truck, abolsterpivotally mounted near its center so as to swing in a horizontal plane, a pair of side frames, springs interposed between said side frames and said bolster, and plane-convex bearings arranged between the bolster and a part of the car body for normally mounting the bolster in position at right angles to the center line of the car body and retaining said side frames in planes parallel to the track rails.

10. In a car truck, the combination with a truck bolster adapted to be pivoted near its center to the car so as to swing in a horizontal plane, and plane-convex bearing rollers interposed between said bolster and the car body, the flat bearing surfaces of said rollers being tangentialto an angle between the vertical center line through each roller and a line drawn from the center of the opposite bearing point of said roller to the edge of the fiat surface, whereby the factor of adhesion between the roller and its bearing is less than its rolling tendency.

11. In a car truck, the combination with a bolster designed to be pivoted near its cen ter so as to swing in a horizontal plane, the lano-convex bearing rollers cooperating with said bolster, the flattened portions of said bearings having rolling resistance less than the factor of adhesion between said bearin surfaces and said bolster.

12. n a car truck, the combination with a spring supported truck bolster that is pivoted near its center for horizontal swinginv movement, of plano-convex rollers disposed above the end portions of said bolster, the flat portions of each of which rollers providing a flat bolster engaging surface.

18. In a car truck, the combination with a spring supported truck bolster that is pivoted near its center for horizontal swinging movement, of plano-convex tapered rollers disposed above the end portions of said bol ster, the flat portion of each of which rollers providing substantially flat bolster engaging surface.

14. In a car truck, the combination with a body bolster, of a spring supported truck bolster arranged beneath and pivoted to said body bolster so as to swing in a horizontal plane, and plano-convex bearing rollers arranged between said bolsters, the flattened portions of the peripheries of said bearing rollers providing bolster engaging faces.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature this 16th day of July, 1919.

CHARLES T. IVESTLAKE.

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