US2267210A - Car truck - Google Patents

Description

D. 23, 1941. w. H. MUSSEY I CARZTRUCK Filed Dec. 50, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet l y, deceased ussez, moat/"L2 I Dec. 23, 1941. w. H. MUSSIEY OARLTRUCVK Filed Dec. 30, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Dec. 23, 1941. w@ H. MussEY CARZTRUCK Filed Dec. 30, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 n y .53 Wasse iz.

Patented Dec. 23, 1941 CAR TRUCK William H. Mussey,.deceased, late of Chicago, 111., by Carrie S. Mussey, executrlx, Chicago, -Ill., assignor to Pullman-Standard Car Manufacturing Company, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Delaware Application December 30,1939, Serial No. 3l1,866

8 Claims. (01. 105-222) This invention relates to cars, and the principal object is to smoothout the motion of the car body and reduce the wear on the wheel flanges and the strain on the truck frames. Generally speaking, this is accomplished by providing (1) A swinging support for the body on the journal boxes that will allow the-wheeled axles to move back and forth endwise with respect to the body so easily that they can take ordinary lateral bends in the rails without affecting the smooth motion of the car body and can round main line curves without suflicient flange pressure to make the trucks swivel under the body, and

By supporting the truck frame on the boxes through coil andleaf springs acting in parallel to absorb the shocks of vertical irregularities and rail joints, and prevent harmonics at high speed- Further objects and advantages of the invention will appear as the disclosure proceeds and the description is read in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention, and in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a car truck;

Fig. 2 is a half plan view of the same truck, the other half being the complement of that shown;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, but on an enlarged scale;

'Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation of one corner of the truck, with parts broken away to show the spring means and swing hangers;

Figs. 5 and 6 are vertical sections taken on the lines 55 and 66 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the several parts about the journal box separated to reveal their form more clearly, and g Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic plan view of the car body supported on two trucks through swiveling center bearings.

Each truck includes two wheeled axles Ill, each having projecting journals ll (Figs. 3, 4 and 5) received in a journal box [2, equipped with a journal bearing l3.

In order to allow the wheeled axles and their boxes free lateral motion the truck frames are supported on the journal boxes through swing hangers, each of which includes a bow ll (Fig. 7) and a seat bar l5. The upper portion of the bow is'a transverse bar I6, having a rounded bearing rib l'l (Fig. 5) on its underside to cooperate with a bearing groove l8 between two ridges IS, on top of the journal box l2.

Depending from each end of the bar I6 is an arm 20 whose lower end is formed into an egg}. shaped eye 2|. to receive the seat bar I5, which is notched" and rounded at 22, to bear. on the lower surfaces of the eyes 2|.

Adjacent to each end the bar l5 has a concave bearing seat 23 to cooperate with a round bearing 24 (Fig. 4) on the bottom of a cylindrical spring seat 25, having legs 26 astride the corresponding end of the bar I5.

Each spring seat receives coiled springs, here shown in the conventional form of a large spring 21 surrounding a small spring 28 (Fig. 4)

A leaf spring saddle, generally indicated by 23 (Fig. 7) rides on the intermediate portion of 'each bar, l5 between the eyes 2| of the bow l4 (Figs. 4 and 5). Each saddle 29 has two loops 30, one

at each side of the corresponding bar ii, to receive and support a leaf spring 3| at the middle. The frame of each truck, generally indicated in about each of four journal boxes. Thetwo leaf springs may have approximately the same capacity as the two sets of coil springs at each journal box or the leaf and coil springs may have different capacities. In either case, they will work together to give the desired yielding support. The leaf springs prevent harmonics in the coil springs at speeds that make the rail joint blows synchronize with the period of vibration of the coil springs.

The truck frame is composed of side frames connected by transoms made of sheet metal parts welded together. Each side frame (Figs. 3 and 7) provide faces 38 between' which the journal box is received, and slots 39 and 40 for the bar l5 and the leaf springs 3|.

Thecoil springs and their seats 25 are received within cylindrical spring casings 4| formed in the side frames and lined with hard metal wear cylinders 42 (Fig. 4), the upper end of which rests upon the top of the corresponding set of coil springs. f e

The ends of the leaf springs 3| have rounded bearing plates 43, which are received in channel-' shaped spring pads M, welded to the bottom chord 35 and stifiened by gusset braces 45.

The egg-shaped eyes 2| in the arms 20 of bows l4 permit the bar l5, and the spring supportback to their normal position of rest, in this instance illustrated in Fig. 5, where it will be observed that the swing hangers are inclined downwardly and outwardly. That inclination is somewhat a matter of choice. But in actual running it has been found to be satisfactory when the hangers, which are 16 between the bottom of the bearing rib I1 and the bottom of the eggshaped eyes 2|, are inclined outwardly sufficient to displacethe bars '78". Some engineers will favor greater inclinations, some less, depending upon the weights, speeds and other considerations.

It has been found that trucks of this construction will round ordinary main line curves without any swiveling, the lateral motion provided by the swing hangers being sufficient to let the wheeled axles accommodate themselves to the curves. Just how this is done might be the subject of dispute. The zigzag maneuver by which the wheeled axles of the ordinary truck take a curve put strains on the truck frame that tend to crush it cornerwise and the reaction on the car is manifested in many objectionable vibratory movements. The free lateral motion of the wheeled axles allowed by the truck here disclosed, which motion is yieldingly resisted by the weight of the car swinging on the inclined hangers, lets the wheeled axles do whatever is necessary to take the curve and carry the car around with ease and with no apparent oomerwise strain on the truck frame.

In rounding yard curves, cross-overs and sharp turnouts, it may be well for the trucks to swivel, and for that reason they are here shown as provided with center bearings 46 (Fig. 8) and side bearings 41, the normal support being on the center bearings and the side bearings acting merely as steadying devices.

The movement of the journal boxes in the pedestals is free within selected limits set in the present disclosure by the stop flanges 48, reenforced by gussets 49 (Figs. 3 and 7) movement of 1%" in each direction has been found satisfactory. But that also is a matter of choice in which engineers will differ under the influence of various considerations of weight and speed and curves. That permits a lateral motion and its effects as described, but provides a positive limit for the lateral motion in rounding sharp curves, particularly at low speed, such as appropriate to cross-overs and yards.

The lateral swinging of the hangers should be as free as possible within the limits allowed and to provide for that the journal boxes I! have passageways 50 at each side to receive the arms 20 of the hangers and allow them to move laterally with absolute freedom, the enlargements bearing against the ends of the ribs I 9, serving to' In practice a free in a stable support of the frame on the springs, and the springs on the swing hangers, that allows the parts free movement in absorbing shocks.

Observations of the truck her disclosed running at high speed indicate that it allows the wheeled axles to readily accommodate lateral bends, vertical bends and kinks in rails as well as designed curves in the track.

The four seat bars are received within the slots 39 (Fig. 7) in the pedestal which allow the necessary relative vertical movement and compel the bars to stay in alignment with the coil springs that they respectively support. T his engagement or interlocking between the pedestals and the seat bars makes the truck frame hold the lower ends of the swing hangers in a relatively fixed relation while the upper bars l6 of the swing hangers are free to move laterally as the wheeled axles move laterally and take the corresponding journal boxe 12 with them.

Each journal box l2 has on top (Fig. 5) two posts or projections 52 (omitted for clearness elsewhere) which are received within the channel-shaped side pieces 53 of a frame 54 extending between and connecting the two journal boxes on each axle'to hold them in the proper spaced relation and compel them to move together laterally. This leaves each axle free to move endwise and take the journal boxes with it independently of the truckframe and the other axle. In such movements, the bows M of the corresponding swing hangers rotate about the rounded seats 22 (Fig. '7) on the bars l5 and the eyes 2| allow that movement freely.

With the swing hangers inclined (Fig. 5) a component of the load tends to move the journal boxes outwardly against the collar 55 but this tendency is overcome by the frame 54 which, in addition, carries the brake, as disclosed in Mussey prior application, Serial Number 240,212, filed November 14, 1938, and keeps the shoes aligned with the wheels at all times.

The frame 54 is made fast to the posts 52 by pins 56 and springs 51 between the side pieces and the journal boxes l2 hold-the parts steady and prevent rattling. Actually the springs sit in pockets 58 in the journal boxes.

What is claimed is:

1. In a car,a wheeled axle having a journal, a journal box on the journal, a swing hanger supported on the journal box to swing lengthwise to the axle, a leaf spring at each side of and supported by the hanger, a coil spring at each side of the axle and supported by the hanger, and a car supporting frame supported jointly by said springs.

2. In a car, a wheeled axle having a journal, a journal box on the journal, a swing hanger supported on the journal box to swing lengthwise to the axle, each hanger including a-spring supporting bar, a coil spring having a seat adjacent to each end portion of the bar, a saddle on the intermediate portion of the bar, leaf springs supported by the saddle, and a car supporting frame supported jointly by said springs.

3. In a car, a wheeled axle having a journal, a journal box on the journal, a swing hanger supported on the journal box to swing about an axis crosswise to the axle, aligned coil springs supportedby the hanger, one at each side of the axle, leaf springs supported by the hanger, one at each 1 side of the axis of the coil springs, and a car supporting frame supported by said springs jointly. 4. In a car, a wheeled axle having a journal, a ournal box on the journal. a swing hanger suppedestal astride the journal box and provided with aligned vertical slots, one at each side of the axle, a spring seat bar crosswise to the axle in the slots in the pedestal, means, including helical springs and semi-elliptic springs, for supporting the frame, said semi-elliptic springs being parallel with said bar on opposite sides thereof, and a bow swinging on the journal box and having aligned eyes receiving the seat bar with I clearance to allow the seat bar to remain up-' right in the slots when the bow swings laterally with the journal box and-the wheeled axle.

6. In a car, a wheeled axle having a journal, a journal box on the journal, a frame, including a pedestal astride the journal box and provided with aligned vertical slots, one at each side of the axle, a supporting spring for the frame at each side of the pedestal, a spring seat bar in the slots in the pedestal crosswise to the axle for supporting the springs, and a bow swinging on the journal box and having aligned eyes receiving the seat bar with clearance to allow the seat bar to retain its position in the slots when the-bow swings laterally with the journal box and the,

wheeled axle, a saddle engaging an intermediate portion of said spring seat bar, a semi-elliptic spring at each side of said bar supported on said saddle and engaging said frame for supporting the same.

'7. In a truck, a. wheeled axle having a journal,

a journal box on the journal, a swing hanger pivoted on the journal box to swing lengthwise to the axle, resilient means'including a leafspring and a coil spring, means rockably carried by said swing hanger for supporting said resilient means, and a car supporting frame mounted on said springs whereby said frame may swing longitudinally of said axle toward either side of said truck.

8. A truck including a frame having pedestals,

an axle having a joumal box fitted in each pedestal and free to move up and down and laterally with respect to the pedestal, means for limiting the lateral movement of the box with respect to the pedestal, a single swing hanger pivoted di rectly on each box to swing lengthwise to the corresponding axle, and having its lower free ends provided with egg-shaped eyes, a spring supporting bar for each swing hanger enga ing said eyes and rockable therein, and resilient means, including leaf springs carried by said bars, for engaging said frame for supporting the same from said bars for providing a lateral swinging movement of said axle during the travel of said truck.

, CARRIE S. MUSSEY. Emecutria: of the Estate of William H. Massey, De-

ceased.

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