US1405403A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

J E. AND T. R. EVERETT.

INYERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION man JUNE 24, 1920.

1,405,403. Patented Feb. 7, 1922.

2 SHEETSSHEET I- JEN +1:

mwmww J 6 6 were zt INVENTORS Z73. verezi' l1 TTURNEYS 1. E. AND R. EVERETT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNfi 24, 1920. r I

Patented Feb. 7', 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEKS J6 vereit nvvmnm TR. (iverett EI7IZI WITNESSES OFFICE- wa EsTEsEvERErT Ann zrnoMAs' RUSSELL EV RETT, or cooHRA'n, GEORGIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE. 1

To all whom it may concern:- 1

Be it known that we, JOHN ESTES EVER- ETT and THOMAS RUSSELL EVERETT, citizens of the United States, and residents .of Cochran, in the county of :Bleckleyf'and State of Georgia, have invented certain.

7 new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following)is a specification. 'j v f lir invention relates to internal com bustion engines of the four cycle type, and the purpose of our invention is the; provision of an engine in which deterioration from wear of the work cylinder and work piston is materially reduced by the employment of means to receive the sideward thrusts generated in the transformation of the'recipfoCatiflg motion' into rotary motion, and to relieve the work cylinder and piston of all duty except'that of-performing the operations of the cycle whereby,

w troubles resulting from leakage past the -pis tonis eliminated and the motor remains in;

perfect operating condition for an indefinite time. It is also a purpose of'our' invention toproduce a high speed engine having a long stroke'but short connecting rods;

We will describe one form. of internal combustion engine embodying our invention and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims. I V

In the accompanying drawings: I 1

Figure 1 is a view showing in vertical section one form of engine embodying our invention. f

Figure 2 is a plan view-of the engine i 5 shown in Figure 1 with the cylinder at the upper end of the figure shown in a section taken on the line 1-1-of Figure 1; the

second cylinder being shown in a section taken on the line 22 of Figure 1; and the third or lower cylinder being shown in a section taken on the line 33 of Figure 1. Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in each of the views. a

' Referring specifically to the drawings and particularly to Figure 2, we have here shown the engine consisting of only three cylinders. in. order to simplify the drawings, it being understood that the'engine may be formed with any number of'cylinders without departing-from thespirit of the invention. As shown in Figure. 1, the .-.engine comprises a main blockcasting designated at B and including a plurality of cylinders designated-at (Leach of which is closed at v Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb. '7, 1922.

Application filed .Tune i l i 1920. Serial No. 391,361.

its up'per endbya cylinderihead of ventional form. Arranged within each of the cylinders C is ,a work cylinder designated at -W which is preferably .Inachined and pressed into plac e into the block 'casting and held in position by the .coacting projections .15 formed on the cOhfl'Oritingsides r of the cylinder C and the cylinder WgIIThe cylinder W extends approximately about one-half of the length ofthe cylinder C, its lower endbeing open and in,communication. with the main cylinder C. Working within,

the cylinder W is a piston provided with the usual rings and having formed. integral therewith a piston rod 16. 1'

As shown in Figure l, the lower end the block casting B supports the main vbearings in which worksa crank shaft S of usual construction, and has secured thereto a crank case K housing said shaft. The crank shaft S carries a plurality of connecting..

rods R corresponding in number to the hum 7 through suitableopenings formed in..the

cross head and connecting rod. The wrist pinl8 issurrounded by a bushingf19 which as shown in Figure2 is embraced by the upper end-of the connecting rod. The opposite ends of the cross heads '17 are formed witharcuate heads 20 to which are secured in anygsuitable -manner arcuate.v bearing plates 21. The bearing platest2l, contact at all times with stationary bearing .plates 22 secured at diametrically oppositenpointsv within the .cylinder- C. ,These. bearing plates are made of suitable bearing alloys 1 I and are interchangeable.

The bearing piston P is 'operatively connected. to the work,..piston P. throughthe medium of the pistonrod 16, thezlower end of the latter being pivotally-secured between t a pair of spaced ears 23 formed on thecross headjl7 by a wrist pin 24,which as shown in F iguresland 2fisvpartially embraced by a bushing 25. This manner of connecting the two pistons permits of entire freedom of the work piston P from flapping of the bearing piston P when latter has become worn after long usage;

of proper lubrication thereof.

The. intake and exhaust manifolds of the engine are indicated at M and M, respectively, and are connected to the upper ends of the cylinders l/V in the usual manner. The passage of the gases through the manifolds is controlled by poppet valves V actuated in the usual manner.

The operation of the engine is as follows: During the working stroke of one piston P within a corresponding cylinder W, power therefrom is transmitted to the crank shaft S through the medium of the piston rod 16, the wrist pin 24-, the cross head 17' and the connecting rod R. During this movement of the piston P, a corresponding motion is also imparted to the corresponding bearing piston P thus causing the latter to move longitudinally and over the station ary bearing plates 22. In this operation of the Work piston P, the existing lateral or sideward forces acting upon the piston P at its point of connection with the connecting rod R is transmitted directly to the hearing plates 21 and 22 so that the working piston P is relieved of such lateral forces and is thus free to at all times perform a true rectilinear movement and to thus cause a uniform wearing of the contacting walls of the work cylinder and work piston so as to prevent leakage past the piston as a result of the irregular wear caused as a result of these lateral forces acting upon the work piston. The same is true for all four strokes.

It is to be particularly noted that the stationary bearing plates 22 have their upper ends disposed in overlapped relation with respect to the lower end of the work cylinder W. This arrangement permits the use of a relatively long cylinder to produce a long stroke without materially increasing the total height of the motor. It also permits of a greater bearing surface for the bearing piston P than is possible where the diameter of the work cylinder W is the same as that of the cylinder C. Another advantage of this arrangement is the fact that the hearing plates 22. and 23 are removed a sufficient distance from the explosive end of the cylinder W so as not to be detriment-ally affected by the heat from the explosions.

By referring to Figure 1, it will be seen that we have provided a relatively short piston rod 16 and a comparatively short con necting rod B. This obviously decreases the angle between the connecting rod and the piston P which would ordinarily create greater lateral thrusts and thus effect a.

quicker and more irregular wear of the walls The mounting of the wrist pm 24 between spaced cars 23 permits 1 ,aosaos and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

' What we claim is: V

1. An internal combustion engine com prising, a main cylinder, a work cylinder arranged concentrically within the main cylinder, a work piston within the work cylinder, bearing plates secured to the inner wall of the main cylinder and disposed in overlapped relation with respect to the work cylinder, a bearing piston movable over said bearing plates and operatively connected'to the work piston, a crank shaft, and a connecting rod operatively connecting [said bearing piston to said crank shaft.

V An internal combustion engine comprising, a main cylinder, a workcylinder in the upper end of the main cylinder and disposed concentrically thereof, a work piston within the cylinder, bearing plates secured to the inner wall of the main cylinderand disposed in overlapped relation with respect to the work cylinder, a bearing piston movable over the bearingo plates pivotally connected to the work piston, a crank shaft, and a connecting rod operatively connecting the'bearing piston with said crank shaft. 3. An internal combustion engine comprising, a main cylinder, a work cylinderarranged concentrically within the main cylinder at the upper end thereof, bearing plates secured to the inner wall of the main cyllnder and disposed in overlapped, relation with respect to the work cylinder, a :work

piston within the work: cylinder, a piston rod formed integral with said work piston, a bearing piston comprising a cross head, arcuate heads formed on the opposite'ends of sa d cross heads, ears formed on the upper side of the cross head and receiving said piston rod therebetween, a wrist pin'extend ing through said ears for. pivotally connecting the piston rod with said cross head for perm tting freedom of the work piston from flapping of the bearing piston, bearing plates secured to said heads and contacting with the first bearing plates, a crank shaft, and a connecting rod pivotally connected to said cross head and to said crank shaft.

An internal combustion engine comprising, a main cylinder, a work cylinder Within the upper endof the main cylinder and disposed concentrically thereof, a Work.

piston Within the Work cylinder, "a cross head movable in the "main cylinder and pivotally connected to said piston, a crank shaft, a connecting rod operatively connecting said crank shaft with said cross head, heads formed on the opposite ends of said cross head, bearing plates secured to said heads, and other bearing platessecured to 10 cross headas alresult of the connection be- 15 tween the" cross headand the crank shaft.

JOHN ESTES EVERETT. 7 Time. RUSSELL EVERETTIX

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