US1405321A - Automatic pistol - Google Patents

Description

P. c. PETERSON. f AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.3I, 1917. IIENEWED JUNE 2l, 1921.

P, QPUERSON. AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.3I. 1911. 1,405,321.

IIENEWED JUNE 21,1921.

Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

.UNITED *sra-'res PArr orifice.

l PETER CHARLES PETERSON, 0F N ORTHBEND, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOR OI' FORTY- NINE PER CENT T0 ARTHUR L. JOHNSON, 0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

AUTOMATIC PISTOL.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 31, 1922.

Application iiled December 31, 1917, Serial No. 209,767. Renewed June 21, 1921. Serial No. 479,313.

To all wwm it may concern.'

Be it known that I, PETER CHARLES PETERSON, citizen of the United States, residing at Northbend, in the county of King and State of Washington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Pistols,of which the following is a. s ecication.v- A

his invention relates to improvements in automatic firearms and has for its principal object to generally improve and simplify firearm constructions so as to eliminate, in

so far as possible, all excessive moving parts; to provide a pistol which will shoot standard rifie cartridges of long range without excessive recoil; to provide a pistol in which the magazine is entirely separate from the handle of the device; to provide breech block construction which permits-of the breech block being solidly locked at the` instant of discharge and whose movement is so timed as to prevent the iinal release until the bullet has left the muzzle of the pistol. While it is well understood thatl there are many types of automatic pistols on the market yet there is no large caliber hunting pistol which will shoot a Standard rifle cartridge with no more re-coil than is eX- perienced in an ordinary pistol and which possess superior shooting qualities due to itsl peculiar rigid construction and long barre Other objects will appear as my invention is more fully explained in the following specification, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims. l

In the drawings Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal sectional view, artly in elevation, of my improved firearm s own at the instant of iiring. Fi 2 is a similar view of the pistol 3 thereof. It will be' noted in Fig.v3 that the upper part of the receiver 2 is channeled as at 4 to receive cooperating members on the lower part ofthe receiver and the two parts `of the receiver are separated when it 1s necessary by with-drawing one from the other until the cooperating channels and members disengage. This feature is not unllke similar features in a number of wellknown fire arms. The upper part of the receiver is channeled to receive a bolt 5 which is slidably mounted within the said channel and whlch is caused to move backward under the iniuence of the recoil from the cartridge 6 when the piece is fired. The normal position of bolt 5 is shown in Fig. 1

,and the position of the .extreme re-coil is shown in Fig. 2. The bolt 5 is also channeled as at 6 to receive a pin 7 which is cen-.

rear end against an abutment 10 which is` secured to and extends inwardly from the n upper portion of the receiver 2 and which passes through a slot in one side of bolt 5, said s lot being .in reality a side wise continuation of the chamber 6. It will be understood that the abutment 10 is stationary with respect to the bolt and that when the bolt moves backward under the re-coil that the spring 9 is compressed in order that the energy may be strong enough to throw the bolt again into tiring position. The rear end of bolt 5 is cut away as at 11 to provide operating space for a firing lever or hammer 12 and to receive a breech block 13 which -is secured within the rear end of the bolt by means of threads 14 which are cut away on portions of the breech block and bore in order to permit of the removal of the breech block upon a quarter turn for the disengagement of the threads. The breech block 13 is also cut away as at 15 to provide working space for firing lever 12. The pin 7 extends through an opening in the forward end of breech block'l3 in order to rotrudc suiicientl to be struck by firing ever 12. A magazine 16 is Secured in the lower portion oi the receiver and cooperates at its u per open end with the bolt chamber.

he-magazine is provided with the usiial follower 17 which is operated by spring 18 for throwing the cartridge up into position for thrusting into the barrel wheneveil the bolt is with-drawn beyond the magazine. There is nothing in connection with the magazine which 1s believed to pi'esent anything patentable over the usual types of magazines and therefore no special mention will be made of the magazine. The bolt 5 is normally locked with respect to the upper portion of the receiver by means of a lock 19 which passes slidably through an opening in the upper receiver section and en-l gages a cooperating notch 20 in the bolt 5. ook 19'is retained in normal position by means of a fork 21 which is ivoted as at 22 at one end and which sli ably extends under shoulders on lock 19 near its other end. A spring 23 tends to at all times hold the fork and lock in locked position. A further and positive security against unlocking until a pre-determined period of time and movement of the upper receiver section has taken place is rovided in a step 24 which vengages the ower portion of lock 19. Pivot pin 22 as well as step 24 and all of the firing mechanism, which will presently be described, excepting the trigger, are mounted within a mechanism block 25 in order to facilitate the assembly and removal of the firing mechanism from its engagement with the upper and lower parts of the receiver. The mechanism block is retained rigidly with the lower part of the receiver by means of a forked dog 26 which is mounted within the stock 27 which pro- 'ects into notches in the mechanism block.

og 26 may bel withdrawn fromits engagement with mechanism block 25 by means of an external ring 28 in the butt of the stock. The firing lever 12 is mounted within the mechanism block on a pivot 29 and is provided with a circular hoop 12 within the periphery of which are cut notches 30 and 31, both of these notches being adapted to be engaged by prongs on a firing dog 32 which is loosely mounted on a pivot 33 which in turn is mounted in mechanism block 25. The notch 30 is engaged by the right hand prong on dogv32 when the firing lever is thrown to its lowest or safety position under the re-coil stroke of bolt 5 and the notch 31 is engaged by the left hand prong on dog 32 when the firing lever is in cocked position so that the piece may fire single shots. When the dog 32 is positioned so that neither prong thereof will engage a notch, the same is in neutral position for continuous firing. A spring 34, which is located in a' recess in the block ,25 and which bears against a rocker 35 which in turn takes bearing upon a trunnion pin 36 32. The function of the trigger is the same as that of any firearm trigger. An improved type of safety is rovided in connection with trigger 37. 'Flic safety includes a pin 38 which is slidably mounted in the lower receiver section and which is provided with transverse notch 39 which cooperates with a similar notch in trigger 37 when in firing position. When the safety is moved to the right as shown in Fig. 3 a lu 40 within the notch 39 engages the notc in the trigger thereby preventing its movel ment andV consequently preventing rin r. When the gun is fired the first shock of the re-coil throws the barrel and upper receiving member together with the bolt, etc., backwardly until a beveled extension 19'L of lock 19 engages a similarly beveled bar 19b which is a part of block 25 which is stationary. The engagement of the members 19'* and 19b drawsthe lock 19 downwardly until bolt 5 is released and is therefore free to continue its backward travel under the remaining force of the re-coil. It will be understood that as the lock moves backwardly it first moves beyond the step 24 and then immediately encounters the bar 19h. It will thusV be seen that the bolt and upper receiving member 2 -are securely locked together vuntil a pre-determined movement of the said members has taken place after which the unlocking is affected as the movement continues. While the bolt is thrown completely back the empty shell is discharged through an opening 41 and a fresh cartridge is forced up into placel ready to be shoved into the barrel upon the return of the bolt to normal position. No ejector is shown in the drawings as it is not an essential element of applicants device and any standard form of ejector may be used. One side'of bloc'k 25 is in the form of a plate 25a so that when the block has been withdrawn from the gun it is only necessary to lift o'l" the plate 25'L from the pins 29 and 33 in order to expose all of the elements of the firing mechanism. The just previously mentioned pins are all solidly set` with their endsiixed in the block 25.

The extension sight of applicants device includes a guide strip 42 which is hinged to the upper receiver section as at 43-and upon which is mounted a slide 44 having a the slide pulled out as shown in Fig. 2 and after which the screws are again tightened. This materially increases the length of the sighting line between the forward sight and the rear sight 46. In order to elevate the rear sight for distance shooting a slotted lug 47 (Fig. 4) is integral with strip 42 and extends down along the outside of upper receiver section 2. Lug 47 is graduated as at 48 and an indicator 49 is provided which cooperates with the graduation. A thumb nut 50 serves to tighten the lug 47 against the member 2 in order to hold the strip in any desired position. It will be apparent' from the foregoing that my firearm has but few moving parts, is easily dismounted and possesses an excellent accuracy for long range shooting because of the 'extensible sight. It will further be apparent that the re-coil of a heavy rifle cartridge is absorbed in a satisfactory manner without undue shock.

While I have shown a particular form of embodiment of my invention, I am aware that many minor changes therein will readily suggest themselves to others skilled in thej art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and I therefore desire to avoid being limited to the exact form shown and described.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

'1. In an automatic firearm, the combina.- tion of upper and lower receiver sections the former being slidably mounted upon the latter, a 'firing mechanism block removably positioned Wthin the lower receiver member, a recoil operated and s ring returned bolt slidably mounted in t e upper receiver member', a hammer, actuating and controlling means therefor, a stock carried by the lower receiver section, and latching means for retaining the mechanism block within the lower receiving member, said latching means being carriedby said stock, and includin a releasing member positioned externally og the butt 'of said stock.

2. In an automatic-fire arm, the combination of a receiver having a recoil operated and spring returned bolt slidably mounted therein, firing means carried by saidv bolt, a hammer pivoted to the receiver and provided with a circular hub having spaced notches in the periphery thereof, a dog pivotally mounted on the receiver and provided with a, pair of prongs, said dog being movable to engage one of its prongs with one of the notches to hold the hammer in safety position or to engage its other prong with thel other notch to hold the hammer in cocked position, said dog being further movable to a third or neutral position with its prongs both disengaged from -both notches for. permittingl contlnuous firing, and 'a trlgger operatively connected with said dog to con` trol the actuation of the hammer.

3. In an automatic fire. arm, the combinat1on with a recoil operated and sprin returned sliding bolt provided with a ring means, of a ammer pivoted for swinging movement adapted to operate said firing means and provided with a circular hub having spaced notches in the periphery thereof, a dog pivotally mounted for swingmg movement and provided with a pair of prongs, said dog being movable to engage one of its prongs with one of the notches to hold the hammer in safety position or to engage its other prong with the other n otch to hold the hammer in cocked position, said dog being further movable to a thlrd or neutral position with its prongs both disengaged from both notches for perm1tting continuous Ifiring, and a trigger operatively connected with said dog to control the actuation 'of the hammer.

4. In an automatic fire arm, a receiver sectlon having a firing mechanism carrying block slidably removably positioned therein,

a stock carried b said receiver section, a latch carried by t e stock for retaining the mechanism block within said receiver section, and means positioned externall of the butt of said stock for releasing said atch to permit removal of said firing mechanism blockl 5. In an automatic tire arm, the combination of an'upper barrel carrying receiver section, a lower receiver section to which said upper receiver section is slidably connected, a recoil operated and spring returned bolt slidably mounted within said upper receiver section, a lockslidably mounted in said upper receiver section, a fork pivotally mounted and havin its free end in engagement with said loc a spring to normally move said fork upwardly for engaging said bolt with the upper receiver section and the bolt whereby the latter are securely locked together when in tiring osition, and' means for releasing said lock rom engagel ment with the bolt after the bolt and upper receiver section travel together a predetermined distance under the action of the firing recoil.

6. In an automatic lire arm, the combination of an upper barrel carrying receiver section, a lower receiver section towhich said upper receiver section is slidably connected, a recoil operated and spring returned bolt slidably mounted within said upper receiver section, a lock slidabl mounted 1n said upper receiver section, a ork pivotally mounted and having its free end in engagement with said lock, a spring to normally move said fork upwardly for engaging said bolt with the upper receiver section and the bolt where-A by the `latter are securely locked together when 1n 'firing pos1t1on, and means for releasing said lock from engagement with the bolt after the bolt and upper receiver section travel together a predetermined distance under the action of the firing recoil, said last named means including a beveled rigid rearward extension on the lower end of said lock and a cooperating rigid beveled bar.

T. In an automatic lire arm, means for locking the upper receiver section and the recoil operated and spring returned bolt securely together including a vertically slidably lock having side shoulders, a fork pivoted at one end and having its opposite end engaged under said shoulders, and a 15 a cooperating rigid beveled bar arranged in 20 the path of said extension.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

PETER CHARLES PETERSON.

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